J LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. J 




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I UNITED SPATES OF AMERICA. { 



MORFORD'S 



Short-Trip Guide 



TO 



AMERICA. 



(United States and Dominion of Canada,) 



By HENRY MORFORD, 

Author of the "Short-Trip Guide to Europe" "Over-Sea,' 
" Paris in '67," &°c. 



•- — 



NEW YORK: 
SHELDON & CO , 677 Broadway 






LONDON: 
W. H. SMTTH & SON, 186, Strand; S. P. BEETON, 300, Strand. 



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Entered at Stationers' Hall, London,— all rights reserved. 

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, 

BY HENRY MORFORD, 

in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 









James Sutton 4 Co., Printers, 23 Liberty St., N. Y. 



$ 




TABLE OF CONTENTS 



Cost and Time of Short American Trips 7 

Preparations for t he Trip to America 17 

What to Do and avoid on Shipboard 30 

Bell-Time at Sea 40 

New York City, Harbor and Suburbs 42 

Route No. 1 —Northern— New York to Niagara and Canada 62 

" No. 2.— Northern— New York to Niagara and Canada 83 

• " No. 3.— Northern— New York to Saratoga, Lake George, Ac. 91 
" No. 4 —Eastern— New York to Boston, by New Haven, 

Providence, Ac 103 

" No. 5.— Eastern— Boston to Portland and Canada ..124 

" No. 6.— Northern and Eastei n— Boston to White Mountains, 

Ac 129 

" No. 7 —Northern and Eastern— New York to White Moun- 
tains, &c 136 

" No. 8 —Near Western— New York to Philadelphia 144 

" No. 9.— Western and Southern— Philadelphia to Baltimore, 

Washington and Richmond 162 

No. 10. — South Western— Richmond to Charleston, Savannah, 

New Orleans Ac 189 

" No. 11.— South Western— Washington or Richmond to Nash- 
ville and New Orleans 195 

No. 12.— Western— New York or Philadelphia to Cincinnati 

and Chicago 197 

No. 13.— Western— New York to Chicago, Ac. . 206 

No. 14 —Western— Cincinnati to Louisville, St. Louis and 

Chicago 217 

No. 15.— Northern and Western— Buffalo to Chicago, by Lake 

Shore 226 

■' No. 16.— Northern— New York or Philadelphia to Coal and 

Oil Regions 228 

No. 17. — Canadian aud Western — Niagara to Detroit and 

Chicago 231 

No. IS.— North Western— Chicago to St. Paul and Lake 

Superior 237 

No. 19.— Canadian— Niagara to Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, 

Quebec, Ac 241 

No. 2o.— Canadian— Niagara to Toronto, Montreal and Que- 
bec, by Steamers 257 

No. 21 —Far Western— Chicago to Omaha. Salt Lake City and 

San Francisco 261 

Off Route aud Minor Places 277 

Distances, Time and Fares 304 



INTRODUCTORY. 



The preparation of the " Short-Trip Guide to America," 
has been induced by the practical success of the Guide to 
Europe, on the same plan, and the generally admitted want 
of some hand-book for tourists in America, fitted tor pocket- 
use, and railway, carriage or steamer reading, by convenient 
size, clearness of lype, and giving the data most ordinarily 
required, while carefully avoiding tedious and unnecessary 
details. Such a book has long been required as a necessity, 
especially for 

1st. The very large and constantly- increasing body of 
English-speaking people, principally from the British Islands, 
crossing the Atlantic for a short sojourn in the New World, 
and desirous of seeing the greatest possible variety of 
interesting places within a limited period, without undue 
expenditure ; and 

2nd. The only-less-numerous body of Americans who 
have made but partial acquaintance with their own country, 
and who need intelligent guidance in the selection and 
traversing of the most attractive routes. 

The author-proprietor believes that this volume, prepared 
with much care and labor and after years of very extensive 
travel on both Continents, — will be found to meet the re- 
quirements of both these classes ; affording no small amount 
of information and assistance, meanwhile, to those who visit 
America for longer sojourn and have no occasion to econo- 
mize either time or money. It has of course been impossible, 
in a work of no greater size, to give all the routes of the 
Continent; but the most interesting have been carefully 
traced, and especially those most likely to meet the views of 



4 INTRODUCTORY. 

summer travelers, whether natives or from abroad; while 
hints have been abundantly supplied, throughout, for other 
tours, and longer ones, for the benefit of the more leisurely. 

To one feature attention is especially called: a paper 
immediately preceding the Index — " Off Route and Minor 
Places," — in which those desirous of visiting, for local or 
personal reasons, towns or natural curiosities not embraced in 
the Index or in any of the regular routes, will be likely to 
find the places required, with brie^but sufficient directions 
tor reaching them. 

New York City, January, 1873. 



THE 



Short Trip Guide to America, 



The Short-Trip Guide to America. 



COST AND TIME OF SHORT AMERICAN TRIPS. 

Several important questions are involved, with 
Europeans, and especially with Englishmen, in the 
calculations preceding a trip to America: so that 
Whether to go? precedes the corresponding queries, 
How to go ? and Where to go ? The distance is 
known to be great, between the Old and New 
Worlds, though it is really only about one-eighth of 
that around the globe. 

With many men Time is the great object, and 
the want of it the great hindrance ; though they 
may annually spend quite as much of it as would 
be necessary for a Summer tour across the Atlantic, 
in lingering about home watering-places and sea- 
shore resorts, re-visitmg the often- seen Lake Coun- 
try, the Welsh, Irish and Scottish Mountains, etc., 
or repeating old experiences on the Rhine, among 
the Swiss Alps or the Pyrenees. This, too, at a time 
when the great Continent of the West has been made 
so much more broadly accessible, and so much more 
closely linked to that of Europe, by the Pacific Rail- 
road, the Atlantic Cable, and other enterprises — 
when the late great civil war in the United States 



$ SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

has necessarily left; many fields worth visiting and 
relics worth gathering — and when steam-transit 
between the two Continents has become so rapid 
and reliable that the ocean-passage is little more 
than that of a ferry. This false idea of Time is, as 
already said, the bugbear which hinders many of 
those who have comparatively liberal means and a 
fair proportion of leisure; but with a far greater 
number of those who love Nature in her varying 
moods and wide differences, and who desire to see 
the different peoples of the world, at home, — Money 
is the anxiety, the want of it the hindrance, and the 
belief that a mint is necessary for anything in the 
shape of transatlantic travel, the great bugbear which 
confines them to one continent. 

A large proportion of this is a mistake, originally 
induced by want of intelligent inquiry, and material- 
ly added to by the exaggerations, not to call them 
falsehoods, of some of those who have been over the 
desired routes. While "going to America" was 
principally confined to the wealthy few or those 
driven by business demands, it was at once an easy 
and a tempting thing to do, to add to the supposed 
importance of what had been done, by overstating 
the cost as well as enlarging on the personal adven- 
ture and peril ; and, truth to say, the habit has not yet 
quite died out, now, when the many follow in the track 
of the few and detection is so much easier. Many a 
man, of quite the average integrity, but who supplies 
(as he believes) the center at home of an admiring 



COST AND TIME OF TBIP8. 9 

circle, not many members of which are likely to fol- 
low him abroad — cannot resist the temptation to 
show, when he returns, that he has been doing, in 
the way of cost, what they had better not attempt if 
they do not wish to fail miserably ; and it is just 
possible that there have been members of the oppo- 
site sex, guilty of adding to the misunderstanding 
by corresponding exaggerations of their own eleva- 
tion above the untraveled and, consequently, the 
easily-deceived. 

Travelers tell " travelers' stories," in a pecuniary 
as well as an adventurous point of view : that is the 
truth, briefly stated; and those stories frighten away 
many who would else enlarge their knowledge of 
life by seeing other continents than their own. 

Now it is the fact that the European can spend 
much money in America, within a very brief period 
and without going over any wonderful space, if he 
will; just as in travels on the Continent, years ago,, 
the average Englishman spent twice as much, under 
the same circumstances, as the man of any other 
nation, creating in different minds the impression 
of his being a "prince" and a "fool" — until the 
American became first his rival and then his ad- 
mitted superior, in the detail of lavish and tasteless 
expenditure, and the Englishman who made any 
pretensions to common sense, taking a lesson from 
the example, comparatively abandoned the field of 
extravagance. The lavish and the reckless may still 
pave their very way with gold, if they will — as evi- 



10 8E0RT- TRIP G TJTDE. 

•denced by the fact that a certain well-known Eng- 
lishman, spending less than three months in the 
United States, drew upon his London bankers 
•during his absence, for nearly £3,000 : the expend- 
iture all the more notable, because the tourist, a 
markedly free liver and entertainer, made no pur- 
chases of consequence for preservation, did not play, 
and never indulged in what are called the " costly 
vices/' Others have followed, in different approxi- 
mations, ranging between £300 and £800 the month 
of absence; though it is to the credit of the national 
wisdom, to say that these instances of what must be 
-considered wasteful expenditure for any one not in 
possession of a princely patrimony or a great bank- 
ing-house, are somewhat rare. 

So much for what may be spent in very brief 
tours, by those who can afford plenty of money, or 
think that they can do so : now for what may be 
saved, or rather for the question upon how little 
these brief tours may really be made, without dis- 
comfort or painful compromise of position. 

Even in the steerage, on some of the best-appoint- 
ed lines, passages may be made with much less dis- 
comfort than most stay-at-home people suppose; and 
:it is not at all certain that thousands of hardy per- 
sons, limited in means, who spend the requisite 
amounts of time and money on very questionable 
home -amusements, approaching to vices, might not 
do well to tempt a little rugged life in the forward 
parts of the ships that carry over their wealthy 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 11 

brothers in the saloon-cabins. For on the best 
lines the discomforts, inconveniences and unhealth- 
inpss of steerage-passage have all been materially 
ameliorated within the past three or four years: the 
sleeping accommodations on many of them are en- 
durable if no more ; the food is almost always plen- 
tiful and generally excellent; the amount of amuse- 
ment enjoyed is always greater *han that attainable 
by the better-lodged people at the stern ; and the 
safety to person is necessarily the same except under 
circumstances of gross carelessness. 

Let us see, for the benefit of those very limited 
in means and still desirous to see a little fragment 
of the New World — what would be the absolute cost 
of doing what emigrants of both sexes and all coun- 
tries very often do for the sake of spending a few 
days with friends in the places of nativity. Say that 
six weeks' time is attainable, and let the cost of that 
six weeks be measured as carefully and yet as liber- 
ally as possible. 

Steerage passage to New York, £6 10s. — return, 
£6 10s.; total, £13. Time not on board ship, about 
three weeks ; board, for that time, average of £1 15s, 
per week, £5 5s. Expenses of sight-seeing about 
New York, Boston and Philadelphia, with convey- 
ance to each, during that period, £5. Occasional 
necessary conveyance, the feet being principally 
trusted to, £3. Incidental expenses, liberally cal- 
culated, £4. Total. £32. £10 to £12 more would 
enable the cheap tourist to visit Niagara Falls, 



12 SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

greatest of American natural curiosities, and see at 
least one or two cities of the Queen's dominions in 
Canada. Graud total, with that included, £42 to 
£45, with a certainty that any economical person, 
in good health and temper, could come within the 
smaller sum named, and even reduce it, without 
other inconvenience than carefully adhering to the 
cheaper rates of conveyance corresponding to that of 
the ocean transit. 

How many comparatively-poor men are therewith 
longing and hopeless desires after seeing other coun- 
tries than their own, who never make any calcula- 
tion or effort to such an end, and yet who could and 
would compass it if they fairly understood the com- 
parative trifle for which so much might be enjoyed t 

One of the greatest of American travelers, Mr. 
Bayard Taylor, made his first European excursion 
under circumstances quite as illiberal as anything 
here indicated — " did" Great Britain and a very con- 
siderable portion of the Continent on foot, except 
with rare instances of riding, and remained not less 
than six or seven months, his whole expenditure 
being only about $500 (say £105), and the fortunate 
result of his travel that successful volume ''Views 
a-foot ; or, Europe Seen with Knapsack and Staff." 
And it is very doubtful whether in any portion of 
his later experience, in all descriptions of traveling 
'* state," up to that of Secretary of Legation at St. 
Petersburg, he has ever enjoyed his wanderings bet- 
ter than when making that first essay as a poor 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 13 

boy. As a pleasant pendant to which, the writer 
recalls having met, not many months ago, in the 
streets of New York, an English workman from 
Sheffield, spending a little of his moderate surplus- 
earnings in seeing what lie called "a tidy bit of the 
New "World/' and one of the most intelligent of 
travelers on many subjects of interest and enquiry 
— whose expenditure, as given by himself, would 
not reach within ten per cent, of the figures above 
given, while he was healthy, happy and entirely 
comfortable in what his saving expenditure allowed 
him to secure and enjoy. 

But the figures already given represent, of course, 
the minimum possibility of travel in any desirable 
part of America, compatible with even the decencies 
of life, without too many of its comforts ; and, it is, 
equally of course, with that class of people standing 
midway between the possible steerage-passenger and 
the traveler en prince, that w r e have next and princi- 
pally to do. The most important question of this 
paper is — What need be the expenses and the time 
consumed for a certain round, of a traveler going 
first-class and demanding all the comforts, and yet 
indisposed to waste money on costly luxuries ? 

To answer that question, then, as intelligibly as 
may be consistent with brevity. 

For six to seven weeks' absence from home, visit- 
ing New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
Washington, one or two of the most noted water- 
ing-places, Niagara Falls, and one or two of the cities 
of Canada — only 



14 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ticket to New York and return, £36 to £60 — say- 
an average of £48, for which all necessary comfort 
and quite sufficient " style" can be secured. Average- 
board of the three weeks off-ship, £o to £4 per week 
— say £10 10s. Traveling expenses, railway and 
carriage fares, etc. £30. Maps, pictures, curio- 
sities, etc., (not at all necessary, but inevitable)^ 
£10. Incidental expenses, for which no name can 
be given; money to guides, beggars, stewards and 
servants ; money lost and wasted, with an occasional 
indulgence in a luxury, not including costly wines 
or "society," gambling or other vices — £15. Total, 
£113 10s. £12 to £15 or possibly £18, may easily be 
saved from this, by a very careful person, leaving 
the expenditure about £100 ; and a person at all the 
reverse of careful may quite as easily add a corres- 
ponding sum, making the expenditure, with no 
greater amount of travel or sight-seeing, £125 to 
£130. 

For ten weeks' absence, an estimate of £50 addi- 
tional may safely be made, bringing the total outlay 
up to say £160 10s ; and this will secure, in addition 
to the round already named, an extension of the 
tour through the White and Green Mountains of 
the north-east, with Saratoga, Lake George and 
Lake Winnepisaukie ; or it will add the great Coal 
Eegions of Pennsylvania, Cincinnati, and other 
cities of Ohio, with Chicago and glimpses of the- 
Mississippi and the Great Lukes. 

For three months' (thirteen or fourteen weeks); 



COST AND TIME OF TK1PS. 15- 

absence, another £50 may be added, bringing the 
amount up to say £200 or £210; and with this all 
the foregoing may be done, with the addition of the 
"North-West," now found in the States bordering- 
the Upper Missouri, with the Lake Superior region, 
and a much more extended visit to the cities of 
Canada, and the natural curiosities of the Domin- 
ion; or, it will enable the tourist (if the season 
should be a proper one for Southern travel) to go- 
southward from Washington to Eichmond, Charles- 
ton, Savannah and New Orleans, with their inter- 
mediate towns and a general view of what is 
technically known in the United States as " the 
South." 

Four months will add to this £50 to £60 of ex- 
penditure, bringing up the outlay to £260 or £280,. 
and permitting the pursuance of some of the routes 
named, more at leisure, as well as the addition of 
others of the watering-places, if the visit is paid in 
the proper season. And within the same time may 
even be managed a run over the Pacific Kailroad, to 
Salt Lake City, San Francisco, and the great natural 
curiosities of California, with a view of the Pacific 
— though five months would be a more rational cal- 
culation for the whole time of absence. With the 
California route added, the expenditure will be 
found materially increased from all the previous cal- 
culations — say £100 additional for that alone; the 
amount necessary for the four-to-five-months trip,, 
with the Pacific excursion crowning it, being some- 



16 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

where within the range from £360 to £380 or £400, 
and half of the continent travelled over in that time 
and at that cost. 

At this point the phrase " short-trip " may be 
said to be exhausted ; for only people of liberal 
means and abundant leisure are likely to go far 
beyond in any one visit, and to them these calcula- 
tions possess only limited interest; though even 
they may find a certain advantage in bestowing that 
slight amount of study on the subject, necessary to 
secure a proper knowledge of time to be spent and 
money used to the best purpose. 



PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRIP TO AMERICA. 

The following paper, like some of the others to 
come after it, is especially intended for those who 
have never before crossed the Atlantic, and, conse- 
quently, some of the advice tendered in it may seem 
very primitive to those who have rlready taken 
their degree, however low a one, in the academy of 
traveling experience. The suggestion may prop- 
erly be added, however, that even some of those 
who have taken that degree may find themselves 
none the worse for reading over these hints, even if 
they do so to dissent from them. An apology may 
need to be made, too, for the direct and conversa- 
tional style adopted in this and some other papers: 
the aim of the writer is, in this regard, fo come as 
near as possible to the words and manner that 
would be used in a personal conversation, with one 
of the parties doing much more than half of the 
talking. 

It maybe proper, too, with reference to this paper 
and those succeeding, to say that the writer speaks 
almost entirely from personal experience — and that 
where that experience has failed, it has been eked 
out, not often through the means of books, but 
from the personal hints and relations of frequent 
and experienced travelers. For himself, the writer, 



18 SHORT- TRIP G UIDE 

in repeated and extended travel on both continents, 
has made, first and last, nearly all the mistakes 
against which in the present instance he attempts 
to guard others, and felt the necessity for some in- 
struction like that which he now endeavors to im- 
part, on almost every point touched upon. So much 
said, the promise of the paper must be kept, in a 
brief but comprehensive list of rules connected with 
the preparation for transatlantic voyages, and es- 
pecially for those first voyages which more or less 
imitate Columbus. 

1st. Decide whether you can afford time and 
money to go at all, taking into consideration the 
before-urged opportunities for economy. Also, de- 
cide whether, in going, you leave too much of anx- 
iety, personal or pecuniary, for fair enjoyment ; for 
there is an old adage about the absentee who " drags 
with each remove a lengthening chain," and there 
are not charms enough, even in the natural scenery 
and odd character-studies of the New World, to 
make such a trip " pay," when the heart or the busi- 
ness-powers must be left at home. So much decided, 
and in the affirmative, then 

2nd. Having made up your mind, stick to the 
resolution. Arrange your time of going and make 
everything work to accommodate that, not leave 
that to accommodate itself to everything. Gener- 
ally, in this as in everything else in life, too long 
anticipation is not the healthiest or the most profit- 
able, and a voyage not canvassed over for five years 



PREPARATIONS. 1& 

in advance is likely to yield more pleasure than one 
submitted to that length of speculation. Above all 
things never boast that you are going, when you 
have merely thought of going and made no definite 
decision; as unpleasant consequences may often re- 
sult, in the event of the projected voyage being 
abandoned, and the suspicion may sometimes creep 
into the minds of acquaintances, either that there 
was "bounce" in the original statement, or that 
some heart-failure at the last moment has induced 
the abandonment. 

3d. Having resolved upon time of going and 
probable duration of trip, and selected the line of 
steamers by which the outward voyage is to be 
made, do not permit the paltry folly of wishing to 
keep a certain number of pounds for a few days 
longer in pocket, to prevent the early taking of a 
passage. The best state-rooms of any favorite steam- 
ship are likely to be first taken up ; and even in the 
event of any unexpected hindrance occurring, there- 
is rarely any difficulty in disposing of a well-located 
berth, while most of the companies, at any time be- 
fore the " eleventh hour," will transfer the passen- 
ger from one steamer to a later one, if a change of 
time is all the deviation from the original plan 
rendered necessary. 

4th. If suddenly-occurring events ' happen to 
have changed the calculation in the other direction, 
and the plan of going is formed almost at the very 
moment when some favorite steamer is about to 



20 SHORT-TRIP GTJTDR 

sail, never heed the stories so likely to be told, that 
" the steamer is full and you cannot get a place ! " 
There is nearly always room for " one passenger 
more," as there is in most land-conveyances; and 
if the worst comes to the worst, it is a very rare case 
when some of the officers of the ship cannot be 
found ready to give up a room for the run, at the 
inducement of no-very-large addition to the price of 
the passage-ticket. These are suggestions for ex- 
treme cases, however : as before said, passage had 
much better be taken early, whenever possible, for 
reasons already stated or about to be. 

5th. In selecting berths, when a good opportu- 
nity for choice remains, always aim to get as near 
as possible to the midships of the vessel — a consid- 
eration of riot much consequence to old voyagers 
with strong nerves, but of great importance to 
landsmen, as every foot of distance from the waist 
increases the amount of motion in a heavy sea; and 
not only is the danger of sea-sickness less amid- 
ships, but the chances of having sleep broken by 
the " pitch " of a " head " or " following " sea are 
proportionally decreased when so located. The 
same principle applies, in a less degree, to the 
question of outside or inside rooms (those inside or 
outside of the alleyways). There is much less effect 
from the " roll," in a " beam " sea, for those occupy- 
ing inner berths; but there is always much less 
light for reading or any other purpose, and the one 
advantage will probab.lv baJance the other, except 



1'liEPiUlATIOKS. 21 

in winter passages, when the inner rooms are alto- 
gether preferable. 

6th. No guide-book, until very lately, ever con- 
tained a hint of the advice to be embodied in this 
paragraph ; and yet there is no word of counsel, of 
the whole, more important. Unless that miserable 
being, a " man of letters," and thus compelled to be 
always reading — there are few intending voyagers, 
male or female, who will not be the better for a lit- 
tle "reading up" as to any country about to be 
visited. A fresh glance at the atlas, to see how the 
different sections lie and the relation which they 
bear to each other, is almost indispensable, eyen to 
some of us who natter ourselves (before we think 
the second time) that we learned our geography in 
early life, and have kept pretty well up with it ever 
^ince. This rule, as already hinted, applies to travel 
and to travelers in all countries, but to no other 
geographical division of the earth's surface with the 
same force as to the New World, and especially to 
that covered by the gnat Republic of the West 
where change seems the rule, and where the altera- 
tions of boundaries and namos, within the past few 
years, have been almost as startling as those effected 
in political status and society. Upon the relative 
positions of different States, the names of their 
capitals and chief cities, their rivers and natural 
wonders and even their commercial and industrial 
features, it is exceedingly prolita'ole to be as well as 
possible freshened in advance; and the same remark 



22 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

obviously applies with equal force to the main facts 
of history and the more important points in estab- 
lished or current literature. And to the latter sug- 
gestion a few words of particulars may be added. 
Exactly as a man from the New World would find 
more than half his possible pleasure lacking, visit- 
ing Great Britain without possessing any compre- 
hensive knowledge of Shakspeare, Scott, Barns, 
Thackeray, Moore, Tennyson, etc., or France with 
no acquaintance with Eousseau, Voltaire, Lamartine, 
Beranger, Victor lingo, Dumas, etc. — so the visitor 
from the Old World to the New must be lacking m 
many ol the opportunities for observation, social 
life and popularity, who fails to know something of 
Cooper, [rving, Hawthorne, Longfellow, Whitticr, 
and (especially for travel in the New England 
States) Holmes, Emerson and Lowell. 

7th. Another " rubbing up" is advisable though 
not absolutely indispensable. Thousands of ques- 
tions about native land, its physical appearance, 
wealth, working of government, industrial aspects, 
etc., are constantly asked of all persons on their 
travels, supposed to be of the average intelligence,, 
by foreigners whom they chance to meet; and it is 
decidedly pleasant as well as proper, not to be three 
or four thousand miles from home, unable to answer 
the simplest questions with reference to things oc- 
curring at our own doors. The more we know about 
our own land, the more intelligent and agreeable 
travelers we shall make ; and, in this connection, 



PREPARATIONS. 23 

8th. Throw overboard two false impressions, to- 
gether, before leaving Europe. Overboard with the 
idea, at once, that the land you are leaving is better 
than all others in every regard, so that nothing can 
be learned abroad : and with it give the go-by to 
the alternative impression that you have nothing 
worth asserting and even boasting about, and that 
what you are to learn abroad will stand in place of 
the previous experience and pride of a life. Each 
of the leading European countries possesses, at this 
day, many things unequaled by the rest of the world 
and matters of legitimate pride to her citizens ; but 
she is almost equally sure to have errors and defi- 
ciencies which may well be corrected by observa- 
tions among other, if not necessarily wiser, people. 
Every tourist going abroad should carry with him 
all practical knowledge of his own land, and all 
well-founded pride in it; and, at the j-ame time, he 
should travel with eyes and ears open and power to 
divest himself of ridiculous national vain-glory pre- 
judicially shutting away all beyond. 

And now to a few minor particulars belonging to 
the very eve of starting, and still important enough 
to deserve place and number : 

9th. Start with a confident expectation of return- 
ing, and yet leave property-interests disposed of as 
if no return was likely to be made. There is really 
less danger, in a given number of days, in going 
over-sea than in most railway-travel; but absences 
thus involved are necessarilv much longer and de- 



24 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

mand additional forethought in at least one or two 
particulars. "No man dies the sooner for makiDg 
his will," they say; and certainly no man travels 
less comfortably for leaving affairs at home in such 
a shape, that, if he does not return, his absence will 
cause the least possible inconvenience to those left 
behind. And, in this connection, again, 

10th. There is nothing wiser for the departing 
" family-man," whatever the status of those depend- 
ent upon him, than an investment in a moderate 
life-assurance, with an additional assurance against 
accident. Nothing of an earthly character (the re- 
ligious questions will naturally suggest themselves) 
adds more comfort in a storm at sea, or danger in 
some distant land, than the reflection that there 
would be, at least, one benefit from the risk ter- 
minating unfavorably : the dear ones at home would 
be pecuniarily the gainers by it, 

11th. Arrange baggage compactly, and not too 
extensively. For each person (male — the ladies 
will make rules for themselves, applying what hints 
may chance to suit them) — one stout leather or 
wood-and-leather trunk of 30 to 36 inches by 16 to 
20 inches, and one convenient valise for carrying in 
the hand, are always sufficient, for anything less 
than carrying over the whole personal effects with 
a view to residence. The trunk for deposit in the 
great cities, in the event of expecting to return 
along the same line — if not, unavoidably to be car- 
ried along. The valise for short excursions from 



PREPARATIONS. 25 

those great centers having this advantage — that it 
can be carried in the railway-carriage or cab, while 
the trunk must be looked after, with trouble and 
expense. Both trunk and valise should be plainly 
marked with name and residence — initials not al- 
ways enough for either safety or convenience. If 
the trunk is small enough for the sea-voyage to find 
place in the state room, all the better; if not, care 
must be taken that, before it goes into the hold, all 
articles are taken out from it that will be needed 
before landing on the other side. The valise wiil 
always find place in the state-room, of course. And 
this brings 

12th. The important question of Clothing, with 
reference to which a few general suggestions may 
be found valuable. The point of view here taken is 
especially lor the male sex, but the female will find 
it easily varied to their requirements. For crossing 
the North Atlantic, to return in two or three months, 
the first requirement is a suit of thick clothes, so old 
and valueless that one can lounge upon the deck in 
them, with no fear of damage. (Dandyism is at a 
discount at sea — a lesson quickly and surely learn- 
ed). Clothing thick, because sea air is nearly always 
damp, and generally cold. Then as thick an over- 
coat and gloves as can well be procured, the use of 
which will become patent, either off the Irish coast 
or among the fog? and possible icebergs of the 
Banks of Newfoundland. A thick blanket, rug, or 
heavy robe, to make lounging upon deck the easier 



26 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and warmer. For summer travel in the Northern, 
Middle and Western States, or Canada, a neat travel- 
ing-suit of Melton, with one of flannel for proceed- 
ing further southward, and for very hot weather in 
even the States named. A summer-overcoat or 
wrap of waterproof Melton or aqua- scutum — not so 
regularly or often needed as in the British Islands, 
but indispensable. Heavy-wool under-clothing for 
sea-use, with courage enough to double it if neces- 
sary; for American hot weather, on land, lighter 
under-clothing of merino, silk, or zephyr. A dress- 
suit, if entrance into " society" is intended, or if 
there is plenty of room in the trunks; as clothing 
is somewhat high in America, while exceptionally 
tasteful and well made — though, candidly, in hurried 
trips of this character, the traveling-suit is seldom 
shaken off. Figured or colored-wool overshirts, with 
high throat, collar and wrist-bands, for time at sea, or 
for any temporary "camping-out" or "roughing-it" 
among woods or mountains. Plenty of linen and 
white goods, to avoid being at the mercy of the 
washerwoman at times ot sudden transit, and be- 
cause all these, as well as all hosiery and under- 
clothing, cost more in the United States than in 
England. Stout-soled shoes — of calf, best. Low- 
crowned tourist-hat, of felt (dress-hat to be bought, 
if necessary) ; umbrella, of late years almost as in- 
dispensable on the western side of the Atlantic 
as the eastern ; a good opera-glass, necessary for 
catching views rapidly and correctly, both by sea 



PREPARATIONS. 27 

and land, and more convenient if not too large for 
the pocket and not necessitating the prononce strap. 

loth. Make such arrangements, if possible, that a 
little longer absence than that contemplated will not 
work serious business or other inconvenience, as the 
best calculator cannot always be quite sure of non- 
detention through some influence or action beyond 
himself. 

14th. Arrange (as before suggested) to take a lit- 
tle more money abroad than is supposed to be neces- 
sary for either time or distance ; but 

15th. Carry in actual money, (English gold, or 
Bank of England notes, with a trifle of silver) only 
so much as will pay expenses on ship-board and last 
during the few days that may happen to elapse be- 
fore reaching the point at which the first draft is 
made payable. All beyond this should be taken 
either in bills-of-exchange on bankers in one or 
more of the more important cities to be visited, or 
in circular letters-of-credit to corresponding houses 
in those cities. It is scarcely necessary to say that 
only the very first class of banking-houses, at home, 
should be dealt with, in procuring exchange or let- 
ters-of-credit, if the painful possibility of finding 
oneself abroad without funds, is to be avoided. 

16th, Take some letters of introduction, when 
tendered, and to the right persons ; but depend very 
little upon them, except in some business point of 
view. The fact is that, without any discourtesy to 
givers being intended, letters of introduction go for 



28 bHOHT-TRIP GUIDE. 

less in America and secure less consideration addi- 
tional to the deportment and standing of the bearer, 
than in any other part of the civilized globe : and 
they should be understood and rated accordingly. 
Added to which may be set down that in no other 
country is the best society of any given region so ac- 
cessible, the letter of introduction being thus render- 
ed little else than commercial or useless. 

17th. Avoid attempting to carryover, among bag- 
gage, anything that can be construed as beyond ne- 
cessary personal use, as the American administration 
of the customs, of late years, is stringent to oppres- 
siveness, and a misunderstanding on that point may 
be more easily avoided than removed. (Articles 
most watched for and guarded against are clothing, 
fnew and in undue quantity,] silks, linens, laces, 
watches, jewelry and precious stones). 

18th. Create as little impression as possible, on the 
verge of departure, of feeling that some event, mov- 
ing half the world, is taking place in your first leaving 
your native land. A sea-voyage, now, no further 
than America, is about equivalent to a trip from 
London to Edinburgh or Dundee, fifteen years ago 
— and not much more than was the transit across 
the channel to France, at the distance back of thirty 
or fifty years ; and the observing world is generally 
coming to regard it in that light. 

19th. and last. If possible, go on board before the 
last moment of sailing, and have any heavy luggage 
on board even earlier. Also, if possible, make any 



PREPARATIONS. 29 

extended tender farewells earlier and elsewhere than 
on the crowded deck of a steamer, at the last mo- 
ment, when everybody is in the way of everybody 
else, when the officers naturally wish to throw over- 
board all the whiners, and when there is a probabil- 
ity of the grief of departure being added to by the 
worry of having wife, sister, child or friend tumbled 
into the river at the landing-stage or dropped over 
between tender and steamer as the two separate. 



WHAT TO DO AND AVOID ON SHIPBOARD. 

The advice in this paper, too, will be set down di- 
dactically, and much of it will be considered as very 
elementary by those who have once or oftener cross- 
ed the Atlantic. In the meantime, not even to some 
of them will the maxims be found unprofitable, if 
attended to — judging by the very large number of 
habitual travelers who seem to happen upon the 
very conditions of discomfort and imprudence, as if 
seeking them. 

1st. Perhaps the first condition of comfort in a 
sea-voyage, is to avoid making up the mind as to 
any positive time at which the voyage must be con- 
cluded. To look across the three thousand miles of 
the Atlantic, and think over the days necessary to 
travel it, even on the swiftest vessel, is rather dis- 
couraging than the reverse, to people of rapid 
thought and active habit; but by simply avoiding 
any definite calculation and considering the ship 
and her officers and crew as doing their "day's 
work," the amount of impatience may be very con- 
siderably reduced. Creeping ahead a little every 
day, the whole voyage will soon be accomplished : 
that is enough to know and enough to feel, no mat- 
ter what anxieties may be at the end. 

2d. Perhaps the next desideratum is to avoid any 



ON SHIPBOARD. 31 

considerable anxiety as to the voyage being a j)ros- 
perous one, by first remembering that more than an 
hundred runs are made without a single accident, 
and more than five hundred without the total loss 
of a vessel — and then falling back upon that pleas- 
ant recollection that you have not the affair in 
charge, any way — that (Providence over all, and al- 
ways to be remembered, of course,) the officers and 
crew of the ship have their duty to do and are very 
likely to do it, for the sake of their ow T n lives and 
the property committed to their skill. It may be 
straining a point, perhaps, but there is really some 
philosophy in getting into the state of mind of 
the droll fellow who demonstrated to one of the 
"anxious/' 7 in a storm at sea, that, having paid their 
passage, and the company having consequently con- 
tracted to take them across, the question of the 
ship's foundering was really somethiDg with which 
they (the passengers) had nothing to do ! This may 
not have much reassured the frightened man, but it 
certainly silenced him; and there no doubt was 
more than a grain of earnest in the old traveler's 
philosophy of remembering that he did not steer the 
ship, as there was undoubtedly comfortable indo- 
lence in it. 

3d. It is wise not to expect too much on ship- 
board, either in the way of luxury, or even of positive 
comfort. Ships, at the largest, are small as com- 
pared with hotels, and at the steadiest are " shaky," 
as compared to private dwellings, except when the 



32 S1I0UT-THIP GLFIDE. 

latter have the rarity of earthquakes to t'-irow thein 
off the perpendicular. Plenty of good food, respect- 
able though confined sleeping-quarters, and attend- 
ance fair, but by no means that of a first class hotel 
— these are all that oug'it to be expected; and a very 
little philosophy makes them enough. It has before 
been said that "dandyism is at a discount, at sea;" 
so is, or ought to be, finichiness. What if neither 
shaving, nor dressing, nor any of the other offices of 
civilized life, can be done quite as well as at home ? 
Nobody notices whether they are scrupulously per- 
formed, or not; and some of the neatest of men 
when on shore, when they have become old travel- 
ers, consent to be slovenly for those few days with- 
out serious suffering. The golden rule, on going to 
sea, is : Expect very little, and he prepared to dear 
good-humoredly with it; then, if "all the modern 
conveniences" should happen to prevent themselves, 
as is not at all likely, they will afford double en- 
joyment, and the want of them will not entail 
misery. 

4th. Determine to be as jolly as health will allow, 
and as companionable as is at all consistent with the 
temperament. Join in all practical harmless amuse- 
ments and exercises, with the result of making your 
own days less tedious, and producing the same 
effect on those of others. One jolly fellow, some- 
times, seems to leaven up a whole ship-load ; one or 
two glum faces act like a wet-blanket on all con- 
cerned. There is a comradery in sea-going, scarcely 



ON SHIPBOARD. 33 

second to that of the army ; and some of the pleas- 
antest friendships of years originate on the deck 
filled with comparative strangers. Quoits, shovel- 
board, chess, draughts, backgammon, social games 
at cards, all these supply amusement to those who 
will take part in them; and there is room- for any 
amount of table sociability at meals, not marred but 
rather increased by the little accidents to which 
breakfasting or dining in rough weather is certainly 
subject. 

5th. Make friends, early, with the captain and 
other officers of the ship, so far as they will permit ; 
but take no liberties with them, and carefully avoid 
compromising any one of them who may have shown 
any peculiar favor, by speaking of it to others of the 
ship's company or passengers. Strictly observe those 
cardinal rules which forbid going upon the bridge,, 
talking with the officers when on duty, or distract- 
ing the attention of the quarter-masters at the 
wheel. Avoid getting in the way of the officers at 
the compass, or hindering them when engaged in 
that most important event of the day — a taking an 
observation." Obey them, quietly and respectfully, 
when they give a direction calculated to secure your 
safety or prevent accident — even if the reason of the 
order should not be fully evident to a landsman. 
Don't inquire any oftener than is unavoidable, where 
the ship is at any particular moment, what a certain 
movement on deck means, what kind of weather it 
is going to be during the next twenty- four hours ; 



34 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and don't ask the men, when they are heaving the 
log, how many miles an hour the ship is going, or 
don't expect them to tell the truth if you do ! Don't 
get in the way when hawsers are being overhauled 
or yards braced ; and don't wonder if, getting in the 
way when some evolution of hauling the ropes is 
going on, you occasionally trip and so learn what 
times and places are dangerous. Don't attempt to 
"help," at any time, except in the rare event of an 
accident; and thus " keeping out of the way," with- 
out losing any chance of observation and enjoyment, 
secure the friendship of the officers, the respect of 
the crew, and the gratitude of all concerned. 

6th. Make friends with the stewards, at once, not 
only by treating them respectfully, but by speaking 
to the two in charge of your particular table and 
state-room — requesting their attention and prom- 
ising them the due douceur at the end of the voy- 
age. Half a sovereign each to the saloon and lower- 
saloon stewards, and say a crown to the "boots," 
with half-a-crown for beer to the captain of the 
watch who first " chalks" you when you break the 
rules of the ship by going forward, and perhaps half 
a dozen shillings to persons who do errands for you 
during the run — this, reaching not much more than 
thirty shillings altogether, is quite sufficient to 
grease the wheels of service and make welcome then 
and afterwards. 

7th. Avoid attempting to read much, at sea, 
however interest may tempt in that direction. There 



CLT SHIPBOARD, 35 

is a motion and jar of the vessel, making the letters 
swim and damaging head and optic-nerves to a de- 
gree ne( ding days for recovery. Some persons can 
read steadily, almost without injury; others cannot: 
it is never best to try the experiment when it can be 
avoided. And there is rarely much occasion : it is a 
poor passage-list in which more amusement cannot 
be fmnd than in books, for the short period con- 
sumed in crossing the Atlantic. 

8th. Keep on deck, all that is possible. Half the 
charm of going to sea lies in the pure, fresh air, 
except in very stormy weather. The air of lower- 
cabins and state-rooms is necessarily more or less 
confined, and consequently unhealthy ; while the 
liealtbiest atmosphere in the world comes fresh to 
the lungs from blue water. There is far less danger 
of sea-sickness, too, on deck than below, when actual 
illness does not enforce confinement to the berth ; 
and the thousand sights and sounds of sea-life — 
sunrises, sunsets, moonlight, storm-waves, whales, 
porpoise-shoals, passing vessels, observations, log and 
lead heaving, making and taking in sail, signalling, 
etc., are only to be enjoyed by those who keep the 
deck as persistently as possible. And this is even ad- 
ditionally true at times of leaving or making land ; 
approaching port, etc., opportunities for remark and 
study, lost during which periods, may be and prob- 
ably will be lost forever. 

9th. Dress warmly — quite as warmly as comfort 
demands, and err on the safe side if at all. Sea-air, 



36 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

though healthy, is damp and deceptive as to temper- 
ature. Never mind the appearance: put on the 
clothes. 

10th. Take much exercise. Want of occupation 
induces long sitting at table and hearty eating ; and 
the system must be a strong one which can endure 
this for days, without exercise, and yet suffer no in- 
jury. When thpre is not too much sea to make it 
possible, at least a mile or two should be walked 
every morning and a corresponding space in the af- 
ternoon — the long cleared decks, or the alleyways, of 
most of the best steamers, rendering this amusement 
of exercise easy and convenient. 

11th. Aid the direction last named, by eating 
moderately as usual habits will allow — either by 
abridging the quantity of each meal, or by avoiding 
some of the number. Four meals per day are usually 
provided — breakfast, lunch, dinner and tea : very 
often, and especially when there is any tendency to 
inactivity of the system, and fever, two of the four 
may be profitably omitted. 

12th. Put confidence in the ship : believe, for the 
time being, that the ship is the best afloat. If you 
go down into the fire-room (which, by the way, is 
quite as well kept out of), don't fall into the fancy 
that so large a mass of fire in the midst of a vessel 
must inevitably burn her : vessels are especially con- 
structed to guard against that danger, and iron does 
not take fire easily. Don't be alarmed at the noises 
continually coming from the fire-room, or think that 



ON SHIPBOARD. 37 

some calamity has happened there : firemen are nor- 
mally noisy as well as grimy, and they need to 
speak loudly to make themselves heard. Don't 
fancy, in short, that everything will go wrong unless 
you attend to it, except in one particular ; and that 
is, 

13th. Join the fire-police of the ship, and stick to 
the organization. Take no combustible materials 
below in your baggage — neither matches or danger- 
ous chemicals; take no light of any kind below the 
decks, for better reason than because there is a 
severe punishment for any proceeding of the kind — 
the all-powerful reason that such an act may destroy 
your own life and the lives of others. On this point, 
watch your own conduct and that of others, and no 
harm is likely to result from the close surveillance ; 
though any discovery made should always be com- 
municated quietly to some person in charge, and not 
shouted through the ship so as to create a panic 
among the passengers. 

14th. Never go forward when the ship is pitching 
into a heavy sea: there is always danger of injury, in 
such an experiment by a landsman, and very often of 
being sivept overboard, at times when even sailors can 
scarcely keep footing on the wet and slippery decks. 
Never stand at or very near the taffrail (extreme 
stern) in correspondingly heavy weather, as there is 
always dagger of the ship "jumping out from under 
you" — an accident which sometimes happens to ex- 
perienced seamen who stand unguardedly in that 



38 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

dangerous position. Never climb upon the bul- 
warks, however calm the sea ; for there is no know- 
ing at what moment there may be one roll — enough 
to finish the individual voyage very unpleasantly. 

15th. Never attempt to go up or down one of the 
companion-ways (stairs), or along one of the gang- 
ways, or the decks, when the sea is heavy, without 
making as much use of the hands as the feet — hold- 
ing on firmly to the nearest convenient rail. Broken 
ribs or limbs are sometimes the consequence of for- 
getful ness or bravado, on this point. 

16th. In the event of illness (other than sea-sick- 
ness), don't take nostrums, or trust to anything in 
your private " medicine-chest." There is always 
one surgeon, or more, on each ship ; they are paid 
for attending to the health of passengers, without 
charge except for costly medicine ; they are partic- 
ularly familiar with the treatment prudent at sea ; 
and it is very often the case that medicines upon 
which dependence can be placed when on the more 
stable element, prove injurious in the abnormal con- 
dition of never being entirely quiet. 

17th. If sea-sick, don't fancy the disease is a mor- 
tal one. Few people die of it, though many (it is to 
be feared) are rendered vastly uncomfortable. Keep 
the bravest heart and the strongest determination 
possible, against the great foe; and above all, do 
not join the noble army of those who ask to be mer- 
cifully " thrown overboard " as a means of escaping 
the torture. Nobody dares obey the request — not 



ON SHIPBOARD. 39 

even your worst enemy, who Wishes that he could; 
and if it should be obeyed, the chances are ten to 
one that before you had gone down ten fathoms in 
blue water the cry might be a different one. 

18th. Berths, in sea-going ships, are mostly sin- 
gle ; and yet it is best, especially in heavy weather, 
to have a bed-fellow. This is easily found in the 
valise or well-filled carpet bag, which packed clo«ely 
in against the side-board, the would-be sleeper lying 
on the side in the inner part of the berth, will gen- 
erally enable him to lie without rolling, even when 
the ship is doing her worst in that direction, and 
secure sleep when it would be otherwise impossible 
from the constantly- waking motion. An alternative 
arrangement of almost equal excellence in rough 
weather, though not always practicable — is to use a 
broad luggage-strap, fastened to any stanchion at 
the back of the berth and then buckled around the 
breast of the would-be sleeper. 

19th — and more important than any of the pre- 
ceding. Eemember, oftener than when the service 
is read on Sabbath morning, that there is a Hand 
wiser and stronger than that of any officer of the 
ship, ruling not only the vessel, but the waves upon 
which she rides and the winds and other elements 
which may place her in peril. 



BELL-TIME AT SEA. 

I'assekgers by any of the transatlantic steam- 
ers, or on any other extended route involving the 
continual change of longitude, should never risk in- 
juring their time pieces by setting them slower or 
faster, but quietly allow them to run down imme- 
diately after starting, and keep them in that condi- 
tion, though carrying them in the ordinary upright 
position, until the end of the voyage. They will be 
obliged, meanwhile, to depend upon the ship's bell, 
with occasional glimpses of the saloon-clock, for the 
requisite knowledge of the flight of time during 
each day, to prevent a mental vacuum on that sub- 
ject, and enable them to make proper preparation 
for meals. 

A little experience of the use of the bell, however, 
is necessary for putting this advice into ready prac- 
tice ; and the following brief table of "bell- time at 
sea" will be found worth an hour or two of study, to 
that end; one fact being always borne in mind: 
that the farther eastward the faster the time, and, 
the farther westward, the slower ; so that a steamer 
of ordinary speed loses about half an hour per day 
of the running time with which she is charged, in 
going eastward, and gains a corresponding amount 
of time in going westward. 



BELL TIME A T SEA. 



41 



Commencing the day at sea, with the half-hour 
succeeding midnight, the following explanation of 
the " bells " (i. e., strokes of the bell) will be found 
easily understood and quite sufficient for practical 
use, if one aid to the memory is employed — the recol- 
lection that the odd numbers of strokes are always 
half-hours, that the eyen numbers are always hours, 
and that those hours which can be divided by 4 are 
always represented by numbers which can also be di- 
vided by 4. 



1 bell X o'clock, i 

2 bells 1 

3 " IX " 

4 " 2 

5 " 2X " 

« " 3 

7 " 3X " 

8 " 4 

1 bell 4% 5' 

2 bells 5 

3 rt 5^ " 

4 " 6 

* " 6X " 

6 " 7 

7 " IX " 

8 " 8 '* 

1 bell '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 8X " 

2 bells 9 

3 " 9X " 

4 " 10 

5 " 10X " 

6 ■« 11 

7 " 11# " 

8 " 12 noon. 



1 bell x o'clock, p.m. 

2 bells 1 " 

3 " IX " 

4 " 2 (i it 

5 " '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 2X " 

6 " 3 

7 " SX " 

8 " 4 

1 " 4*4 " 

2 " 5 

3 " 5X " " 

4 " 6 " " 

1* bell %X " " 

2 bells 7 " " 

3 " 7J4 " 

4 " 8 " " 

1 bell 8X " 

2 bells 9 " 

3 " 9/ 2 •• 

4 " 10 " " 

5 " 10X " 

6 " 11 

7 " 11X " " 

8 " 12 midnight. 



* From 4 p. m. to 8 p. m. instead of presenting an unbroken succes- 
sion of bells from 1 to 8, is divided into two "Dog Watches"— 4 to 6 
('* first dog-watch") and 6 to 8 ("second dog-watch")— in order to pre- 
vent the larboard and starboard watches of sailors being on dity 
during the same hours, one day after another— as they would be if they 
were continually and only thangi d once every four hours. 



NEW YORK CITY, HARBOR AND SUBURBS. 

APPROACH AND HARBOR. 

Land is generally made, approaching the harbor of 
New York, from any vessel coming down the " Great 
Circle,' 7 at some point on the Long Island coast, at star- 
board or right of the ship ; and the time may be any- 
where from four to ten hours (in clear weather) before 
crossing the bar at Sandy Hook, the entrance of the 
Lower Bay of New York. After first sighting, this 
land will keep in sight — low and uninteresting, the 
course of the vessel beiDg nearly parallel with the shore, 
and at a few miles distance. Pilots are taken on board 
from small schooners, at distances varying from a few 
miles from the coast to two or even three hundred — as 
disasters from want of pilotage off this port, many 
years ago, have induced much activity and competition, 
of late years. 

Two to three hours from Sandy Hook, for ships 
coming down the Long Island coast, and as a first 
sight for those crossing from the south, are made the 
Highlands of Navesink, fine bold headlands approach- 
ing the sea, and forming one point of the eastern coast 
of New Jersey. These hills show to excellent advan- 
tage on a nearer approach, and are very imposing when 
the Bar at Sandy Hook is being crossed, two square- 
tower lighthouses showing on the Highlands, behind the 



NEW YORK CITY. 43 

long, low point of wooded sand forming the Hook, on 
which are to be seen one light-house and two beacons, 
with a formidable line of Government fortifications in 
progress, near the outer or northern end, very near to 
which the ship necessarily passes the channel. 

Passing the Bar and running up the Lower Bay, the 
New Jersey Highlands continue ahead and to the left, 
sloping away towards Long Branch a few miles south- 
ward ; on the right continues Long Island, with the 
still lower and sandier Coney Island adjoining it in 
front ; still ahead and to the left rise the hills of Stolen 
Island, with an opening between it and Long Island 
marking the Narroivs, through which entrance is mado 
from the Lower or Raritan Bay into the Upper or Bajr 
of New York proper. 

At the left, four or five miles below the Narrows, is 
passed (if there is no occasion to make its nearer 
acquaintance) the New York Quarantine — a range of 
low buildings on an artificial island built within the last 
few years on a shoal known as the "West Bank of Homer. 
Passing the Narrows, the fine fortification to the right,, 
on Long Island, is Fort Hamilton, with the ruins of thfr 
once celebrated Fort Lafayette standing in the water at 
some distance below it — while to the left rises the corre- 
sponding bluff of Staten Island, crowned with a light- 
house and fortifications, with a strong new structure, 
Fort Richmond, standing below at near the water's edge. 

The view of New Yo'Jc Bay, after passing the Nar- 
rows, is considered one of the finest of its character in 
the world, and should never be lost by the traveler 



44 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

enjoying the opportunity for the first time. On the 
Tight, passing up, will be observed the Long Island 
shore, handsomely shaded, and dotted with the residences 
of well-to-do citizens or suburbans ; and on the left 
Staten Island presents much higher ground, landings 
and thiiving villages near the shore, and the sides of the 
trills in like manner well shaded and dotted with tasteful 
residences. Some six miles above the Narrows, at the 
Immediate right, the monuments of Greenwood Cemetery 
"may be seen covering and crowning one of the Long 
Island hills near the shore ; still to the right, but ahead, 
the City of Brooklyn shows its many spires and wilder- 
ness of buildings ; immediately ahead rises Governor's 
Island, with its round fort, Castle William, and its long 
xanges of barracks and omcers'-quarters ; and as Gover- 
nor's Island is passed, still directly ahead, the City of 
iSfew York is seen, stretching right and left, from its 
lowest point at the Battery, up the East and North 
Hivers (Long Island Sound and the Hudson), each line 
showing a perfect forest of the masts of shipping, and 
the marked deficiency of commanding spires partially 
relieved by the nearness and grace of that of Trinity 
Church. 

From this point, which best reveals the splendor of 
New York Harbor, Brooklyn lies a little behind, at the 
Tight ; Staten Island has fallen away to a much greater 
distance behind and at the left ; the Hudson River 
stretches northward, immediately ahead, Long Island 
Sound branching away eastward at an acute angle ; the 
•other two islands of the harbor, so far unnamed, Bedloe's 



NEW YORK CITY. 45 

and Elhs\ lie at some distance to the left ; and behind 
them, to the left and ahead, on the west or New Jersey 
side of the river, may be prominently seen the towns of 
Jersey City and Hoboken, continual high lands rising up- 
river from the latter, along the Hudson, towards Fort 
Lee and the Palisades. 

It is also at this point that the traveler visiting the 
New World for the first time from the Old, will find one 
of the most marked of sensations in observing not only 
the immense variety of shipping and the flags of all 
nations at the wharves and in the stream, but the many 
particulars in which the American river and ferry craft 
differ from those of any other nation — the prevailing 
color being white, and both strength and grace often, 
sacrificed to speed and temporary convenience. 

NEW YORK CITY AND BROOKLYN. 

As will already have been observed, the City of 
New York lies at the junction of the North or Hudson 
River and Long Island Sound (familiarly called tha 
East River), having thus the best of opportunities for 
cleanliness and health, which are by no means always 
embraced with due diligence and faithfulness — the city 
being always ineffectually cleaned, in comparison with 
the cost to the people, and often disgracefully dirty. In 
effect, Brooklyn, immediately opposite on the southeast, 
and connected with it by half-a-dozen or mpre well- 
managed steam-ferries, is a part of the same city, though, 
lying in another county, and bearing a different name ; 
while nearly the same may be said of both Jersey City 



46 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and Hoboken, on the New Jersey shore, and reached in 
the same manner by ferry. 

Before proceeding to explore the city or suburbs^ 
it should, be noted that carriage-service in New York is 
very high and very bad ; cab-service better and improv- 
ing, though by no means up to the European standard — 
so that the first should be almost entirely avoided, and 
the latter much oftener foregone in favor of the public 
conveyances than they would be in any city of the Old 
World. The ferries should be used freely, not only for 
necessary crossings, but as an additional means of study- 
ing the topography of the harbor, and the excellence of 
the system. For most directions the street horse-cars 
run regularly and well, and are comfortable, except at 
morning and evening hours, bringing too great crowds j 
and, on Broadway, the omnibuses are available and 
respectable. 

Of Streets, the best worth noting is Broadway, which 
should be driven, in open carriage if convenient, from its 
commencement at the Battery (harbor-side) to its virtual 
termination at Union Square, many of the best commer- 
cial buildings being thus seen. Thence Fifth Avenue 
should be taken, to the Central Park, a view being thus 
caught of the finest fashionable street in America, and 
one of the handsomest in the world, though very irregular 
in architecture. Much of the leading fashion of the city 
may be found gathered in the streets running out from 
Fifth Avenue, from Fourteenth to Sixtieth streets — no- 
tably on Twenty-third, Forty-second and other wide 
streets. The Bowery may be noted as the people's or 



NEW YORK CITY. 47 

east-side Broadway. Greer wich street will be found fill- 
ing a somewhat similar position on the west side ; Third, 
Sixth and Eighth Avenues may be taken as fair types of 
prosperous commonalty and bustle ; West street (Hudson 
River side) will be found to supply a jam quite worthy of 
the Strand at its worst hours ; and still further down 
town, Wall street. Broad and New streets command at- 
tention as the centers of the moneyed interest. In 
Brooklyn, the most notable streets are Montague and 
Clinton, for fashion ; Fulton, Court and Atlantic streets, 
Myrtle Avenue, &c, for business activity ; TJiird street, 
Union street, Fourth Avenue, &c, as drives ; Clinton, 
Washington, Bedford, Grand and other Avenues, for 
suburban beauty. 

Of Wharves, New York has none that are not thor- 
oughly contemptible, though there is promise of this de- 
fault being gradually remedied, under new arrangements 
employing the talent of General McClellan and other en- 
gineers. Of Markets, few that are not disgraces as to 
erection and keeping — the best exception being Tompkins 
Market, at Third Avenue and Seventh street ; though 
none in the world have more variety as to supply, than 
Washington Market, foot of Yesey street, Hudson River 
side, and Fulton Market, foot of Fulton street, on the 
East side. Of Museums, none except that at Central 
Park, and the small but unique collection at Brooklyn 
Navy Yard. Of Libraries — the Astor, an inconvenient 
and overrated humbug ; the Mercantile, for merchants ; 
the Society ; and one or two minor ones of little conse- 
quence. Of Public Galleries, none but the somewhat 



48 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

extensive ones of the picture-dealers, Schaus, Broadway ; 
Knoedler, and Somerville, Fifth Avenue, &c, except 
during annual exhibitions of the Academy of Design ; 
though some arrangements are in progress for a perma- 
nent free gallery, of merit and importance, and the Private 
Galleries of Messrs. A. T. Stewart, John Taylor John- 
son, W. T. Blodgett, Aspinwall and others, are very cred- 
itable and sometimes exhibited to the public. Large 
collections of national and celebrity portraits are to be 
seen in the great photograph galleries of Brady and 
Fredericks, Broadway; Gurney, Fifth Avenue, &c. Of 
Hospitals, only the inconvenient Bellevue, at Twenty- 
sixth street and East River, since the cruel demolition of 
the New York, Broadway and Duane street ; St. Luke's 
(a comparatively private benevolence) ; St. Vincent's, and 
one or two minor ones of little consequence. 

Of Educational Institutions and the structures con- 
nected, the following are most notable : Columbia Col- 
lege, (an institution of moderate age but reputation and 
usefulness, and with Law and MiniDg Schools attached) 
East Forty-ninth street ; New York University (colle- 
giate, but making no pretence to fill the European use of 
that word), Washington Square ; New York College 
(formerly the New York Free Academy), Twenty-third 
street and Lexington Avenue ; College of Physicians 
and Surgeons, East Twenty-third street and Fourth 
Avenue ; University Medical College, Worth street ; 
Rutgers Female College, Fifth Avenue ; Union Tlieolo- 
gical Seminary, University Place ; New York Law In- 
stitute, Chambers street ; Protestant Episcopal Theologi- 



NEW YORK CITY. 49 

cat Seminary, West Twentieth street ; &c., &c. In con- 
nection with educational facilities it should be added, that 
the Common Schools of the City of New York are the 
best in the world, free to all, numerously attended, and 
worth observation by any visitor. 

Of Monuments, New York has as follows : In Central 
Park (hereafter mentioned) Humboldt, Schiller, &c. In 
Union Square, equestrian statue of Washington, by 
Browne, and statue of Lincoln. In Madison Square, 
monument obelisk to Gen. Worth. In Trinity Church- 
yard, Martyrs' Memorial (handsome Gothic structure in 
honor of revolutionary patriots who died on the prison- 
ships); monument to Captain Lawrence, who fell on the 
Chesapeake ; and horizontal slab over the remains of the 
heroine of the romance of the same name, Charlotte 
Temple. In St. Paul's Churchyard, shaft to Robert Em- 
mett, the Irish patriot ; monument to Gen. Montgomery ; 
one (back of church) to George Frederick Cooke, the 
actor. In Printing House Square, bronze statue of 
Franklin, presented to the Printers of New York by 
Capt. Albert De Groot. 

Of Antiquities, the city may be said to have literally 
none, the hand of " improvement n having lately been 
very busy with the few remaining. The two most inter- 
esting old buildings existing, are the Old Walton House, 
Pearl street, most fashionable residence of the past cen- 
tury, now decayed ; and the Washington Hotel, Broadway 
and Battery Place, once the residence of Gen. Washing- 
ton, of Sir Guy Carleton, &c. 

Of Churches, few command any attention architectur- 



60 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ally, though there is no deficiency as to number. The 
two oldest are the North Dutch, Fulton and William 
streets, now about being demolished, and the Middle 
Dutch, used as a prison by the British during the War 
of the Revolution, and now the city Post Office — Nassau, 
Liberty and Cedar streets. St. Paul's, Broadway 
(where the pew of General Washington, when President, 
still remains), and St. John's, Varick street, best deserve 
present notice, from age and unpretending grace ; and 
Trinity, Broadway, as the most respectable finished 
Gothic erection on the Continent — though St. Patricks 
Cathedral, Fifth Avenue and Fiftieth street, will event- 
ually dwarf it and all others. Those remaining, best re- 
paying visits of curiosity, are St. George's, Rutherford 
Place ; Grace Church, Broadway ; St. PauVs, and All 
Souls, Fourth Avenue ; St. Thomas', Fifth Avenue ; 
Holy Trinity, Madison Avenue ; St. MarFs (old) Stuyve- 
sant street ; the Tabernacle, Sixth Avenue ; St. Stephen's, 
Twenty-eighth street ; Dr. Chapin's, Fifth Avenue. In 
Brooklyn (named, from their numbers, the "City of 
Churches)", the most notable are the Holy Trinity and 
St. Ann's-on-the-Heights, both on Clinton street ; Dr 
Eddy's, Pierrepont street ; Church of the Pilgrims, 
Henry street. 

Of Public Buildings the most interesting, from one 
cause or another, will be found the City Hall, City Hall 
Park (with a collection of civic and heroic portraits of 
some interest, in the " Governor's Room ") ; the New 
Court House (unfinished, but with many handsome rooms) 
same place ; the City Prison ("Tombs "), Centre street; 



NEW YORK CITY. 51 

the Custom House and Sub-Treasury, Wall street j the 
Cooper Institute, junction of Third and Fourth Avenues ; 
the Bible House, opposite the preceding, above ; the 
Academy of Music, Fourteenth street ; the Academy 
of Design and Christian Association buildings, Fourth 
Avenue and Twenty-third street ; Booties Theater, 
Twenty-third street ; the Grand Opera House, Eighth 
Avenue ; Tammany Hall, Fourteenth street ; the Cen- 
tral Police Station, Mulberry street ; Hudson River Rail- 
road Freight Depot, Hudson street (with colossal bronze of 
much oddity and a singular merit, on the principal front, 
in honor of Cornelius Yanderbilt) ; New Grand Cen- 
tral Depot of the Harlem, Hudson River and New 
Haven Railroads, Fourth Avenue and Forty-second 
street ; new Post Office (building), lower end of City 
Hall Park ; Methodist Book Concern, Broadway and 
Eleventh street ; Masonic Hall, (building), Twenty- 
third street and Sixth Avenue ; Stock Exchange (new) 
Broad street ; Produce Exchange, Whitehall street. In 
Brooklyn, the City Hall and County Court House, 
Court and Fulton streets ; Academy of Music, Monta- 
gue street ; Mercantile Library, and Academy of De- 
sign (new) same street ; Atheneum Atlantic street, etc. 
New York has many Commercial Buildings of great 
cost and splendor — no other city in the world having 
more of what may be designated as " palaces," devoted 
to money or trade. The lead is taken among purely fi- 
nancial buildings, by the Park Bank, Broadway. No 
less than three structures devoted to Life Assurance com- 
mand much attention — those of the Equitable Society, at 
Broadway and Cedar street ; of the Mutual Company, 



52 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Broadway aud Liberty street ; and of the New York 
Company, Broadway and Leonard street ; while several 
other Banks and Insurance Buildings, recently erected, 
on Broadway, Wall street, Nassau street, William 
street, Pine street, &c, deserve only less attention. The 
most prominent among what are known as the "business 
palaces/' are those of A. T Stewart, Broadway and 
Chambers street, and Broadway and Ninth street ; of 
Lord & Taylor, Broadway and Grand street, and Broad- 
way and Twentieth street ; of Arnold & Constable, 
Broadway and Nineteenth street ; of Tiffany, Union 
Square and Fifteenth street; of Ball & Black, Broadway 
and Prince street ; of the Waltham Watch Company, 
Bond street ; of Appletons, Broadway ; of Brooks Broth- 
ers, (old "Maison Doree") Union Square, &c. 

There are many Private Dwellings of great cost, splen- 
dor, and varying architectural taste, on Fifth Avenue and 
the more fashionable streets on Murray Hill ; the first 
among them being the recently completed palace of Mr. A. 
T. Stewart, at Fifth Avenue and Thirty-fourth street, of 
which the details, without and within, are of the most 
lavish magnificence, while the picture collection em- 
braces Church's " Niagara," Rosa Bonheur's " Horse 
Fair," Yvon's " America," Dubufe's " Prodigal Son," &c 
Those of Mr. George Opdyhe, Fifth Avenue and Forty- 
seventh street ; Mr. William M. Tweed, Fifth Avenue 
and Forty-third street ; Mr. Win. H. Vanderbilt, Fifth 
Avenue .and Fortieth street ; Messrs. Phelps, Dodge, and 
Phelps, Madison Avenue, Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh 
streets ; Sig. Barreda, Madison Avenue and Twenty-fifth 



NEW YORK CITY. 63 

street — all deserve attention for costly elegance. Of 
Club Houses, the three most prominent are the Union, 
Fifth Avenue ; the Union League, Madison Avenue ; and 
the Manhattan, Fifth Avenue. - 

Of Hotel Buildings, (also Hotels) New York has 
many of great size and fine architecture ; prominent 
among them being the Gilsey House, Broadway and 
Twenty-ninth street ; the Fifth Avenue, Broadway and 
Twenty-fourth street ; the Grand Hotel, Broadway and 
Thirtieth street ; the St. Cloud, Broadway and Forty- 
second street ; the Metropolitan, Broadway and Prince 
street ; the Sturtevant, Broadway and Twenty-eight 
street ; the St. James, Broadway and Twenty-sixth street; 
the Westmoreland, Union Place ; the Coleman, Broad- 
way and Twenty-seventh street ; the Westminster, Irving 
Place ; the Grand Central, Broadway opposite Bond 
street ; the Everett House, Union Square ; the St. 
Nicholas, Broadway and Spring street ; the Astor House, 
Broadway and Yesey street ; the Brevoort, Fifth Ave- 
nue ; the New York, Broadway and Fourth street ; 
Western and Merchant^ (both mercantile) Cortlandt 
street ; &c. In Brooklyn, the Pierrepont House, Mon- 
tague street, and the Mansion House, Hicks street. Two 
Newspaper Offices of mark are to be noticed — that of 
the Herald, at Broadway and Ann street ; and that of 
the Times, at Printing House Square. 

The principal Theaters of New York City proper are 
Wallaces, Broadway and Thirteenth street ; the Olym- 
pic, Broadway near Bleecker street ; Niblo's, Broadway 
near Prince street ; Booth's, Twenty-third street and 



54 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Sixth Avenue ; the Grand Opera House, Eighth Avenue 
and Twenty-third street ; the Fifth Avenue, Twenty- 
fourth street ; Wood's Museum, Broadway and Thirtieth 
street ; Union Square Theater, Union Square ; and the 
Bowery, and Stadt Theater, Bowery. Opera Houses, 
the Academy of Music, Fourteenth street, and occasion- 
ally the Or and Opera House. Ethiopian Minstrel 
House, Bryant's Opera House, Twenty-third street. 
Brooklyn has several excellent places of amusement, in 
the Academy of Music, Montague street ; Brooklyn 
Theater, Washington street ; Park Theater, Fulton street, 
Hooley's Opera House, Court street, etc. 

Most popular Churches (for service) Trinity, Broad- 
way (Episcopalian) ; Grace, Broadway and Tenth street 
(Episcopalian); the Tabernacle, Sixth Avenue and 
Thirty-fourth street (Cong.) ; Dr. Chopin's, Fifth Ave- 
nue and Forty-fifth street (Univ.) ; St. Thomas', Fifth Ave- . 
nue (Epis.) ; Dr. Tyng's, Rutherford Place (Epis.) ; Fifth 
Avenue, Fifth Avenue and Nineteenth street (Pres.)* 
St. Paul's, Fourth Avenue and Twenty second street 
(Methodist Epis.); and in Brooklyn, Plymouth (Rev. 
Henry Ward Beecher's) Orange street (Cong.) ; St 
Ann's-on-the-Heights and the Holy Trinity (Epis.) both 
on Clinton street ; First Baptist, Nassau street ; Dr. 
Talmadge's Tabernacle, Schermerhorn street. Present 
Catholic Cathedral, in New York, St. Patrick's, Mul- 
berry and Houston streets ; with other leading Catholic 
Churches, St. Stephen's, Twenty-eighth street near Third 
Avenue (noted for fine music), and St. Francis Xavier*$ f 
Sixteenth street, near Fifth Avenue. 



NEW TORE CITY. 55 

Public Grounds — Central Park, (see " Excursions," 
following); Washington, Madison and Union Squares, 
and Battery and City Hall Parks, most of limited dimen- 
sions, but all assuming attractive shapes, and most of them 
being provided with music on certain evenings of the week, 
during the warm season ; and Jones' Wood, lying on the 
eastern side of the Island, on the river, opposite the lower 
end of the Central Park, with fine woods in and around, 
and famous as a place for great out-door gatherings, in- 
cluding the German and Irish festivals and the Scottish 
annual games ; Jerome Park, Westchester (also see " Ex- 
cursions"); and in Brooklyn, Prospect Park, (also see 
"Excursions") Prospect Park Fair Grounds, Lefferts 
Park, &c. 

Principal Bazaars (for purchases): Stewart's, Broad- 
way and Tenth street (Dry Goods); McCreerijs, Broad- 
way and Eleventh street (Dry Goods)-; Lord & Taylor's, 
Broadway and Twentieth street (Dry Goods); Arnold 
& Constable's, Broadway and Nineteenth street (Dry 
Goods) ; Tiffany's, Union Square (Jewelry, Bronzes, 
Plate and Works of Art) ; Ball, Black & Co.'s, Broad- 
way and Prince street (Jewelry, Bronzes, Plate and 
Works of Art) ; Stevens', Union Square (Jewelry, 
Bronzes, Plate and Works of Art) ; Macy's, Sixth Ave- 
nue and Fourteenth street (Fancy and General) ; Lyle's, 
Eighth Avenue, and Bowery (Fancy and General). 

Other objects of interest to those making longer so- 
journ : the East River Bridge, now building between 
New York and Brooklyn, and promising to be one of the 
master-works of its class in the world ; the Pneumatic 



66 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Tunnel, commencement of subterranean travel in tae 
city, to be seen at Broadway and Warren street ; Gov- 
ernor's Island, head-quarters of the military department; 
the Navy Yard, Brooklyn ; the Penal and Charitable 
Institutions on BlackweWs, RandalVs and Ward's Islands 
(under control of Commissioners of Charities and Correc- 
tion — building, Third Avenue and Eleventh street) ; and 
a variety of Asylums for Orphans and the afflicted. 

SUBURBS, DRIVES AND EXCURSIONS. 

Of Drives and Short Excursions, (by carriage) the 
first favorite is that to the 

Central Park, a large and admirable public ground, 
occupying nearly the centre of the Island, extending in 
width from Fifth to Eighth Avenues, and in length from 
Fifty-ninth to One Hundred and Tenth street, handsome- 
ly laid out, shaded and ornamented, with fine roads and 
costly bridges, and lacking only age to be equal to any 
public ground in Europe. It has a Lake, with boats 
(service) ; a Museum, with Zoological collection and 
many other curiosities ; a Casino, on the European plan; 
Public Carriages, making the round of the Park at 
short intervals, for trifling fare ; Statues of Humboldt and 
Schiller and of Professor S. F. B. Morse, the telegraph 
promoter ; statuary groups of the " Hunter and his Dog," 
" Auld Lang Syne ; " and presents the feature of music 
by a fine band every Saturday afUrnoon during the warm 
season, attracting immense concourses of people. In connec- 
tion are also to be seen the Croton Receiving Reservoirs, 
alleged to be of size enough, and to contain water enough, 



NEW YORK CITY. 57 

to float the navies of the world. [Central Park may also 
be reached from the City Hall, by horse-cars on the Belt 
railways (along either river), on the Third and Madison 
Avenues, Broadway, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Avenues.] 
Beyond, the drive by carriage is often and profitably ex- 
tended to the Harlem and Bloomingdale Roads, or to 
High Bridge, an aqueduct bridge over the Harlem river, 
of great height and solidity ; or to Jerome Park, new 
and handsome trotting and. racing ground of the Ameri- 
can Jockey Club, beyond the Harlem River, in Westches- 
ter. Another scarcely less fashionable drive is to 

Prospect Park, .the new but very handsome public 
ground of Brooklyn, which bids fair to rival if not to ex- 
cel the Central, has a Lake, a Dairy Cottage and Barn, 
a fine stretch of natural forest, an elevated drive with 
commanding view, statues of President Lincoln (at en- 
trance), Washington Irving, &c. Music by a fine band, 
Saturday afternoons. [May also be reached from New 
York by Fulton ferry and by horse-cars of Flatbush 
Avenue hue.] Near Prospect Park is to be visited 

Greenwood Cemetery, one of the largest and hand- 
somest Cities of the Dead on the globe, with lakes, 
rising grounds, fine shades, costly monuments, and all the 
other melancholy attractions possible to be flung around 
places of burial. Among the leading features are the 
handsome sculptured Entrance Way ; the Firemen's, 
Pilots', Old Sea Captain's, Canda, Scribner, J. G. Ben- 
nett and McDonald Clarke monuments ; the tombs of 
William E. Burton, the comedian, Lola Montez (with 
inscription, "Eliza Gilbert") Crawford Liviugston, &c.j 



58 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the vaults of Stephen Whitney, William Niblo, &c. Most 
beautiful point, that at and around "Sylvan Water;" 
finest views, those from " Ocean Hill" and " Battle Hill." 
[May also be reached from New York by Fulton ferry 
and horse-cars of the Greenwood or Fifth Avenue lines.] 
Beyond Greenwood and Prospect Park, the same drive 
may be profitably extended to Prospect Park Race 
Course, and to 

Coney Island, fine sea-beach, with excellent bathing 
and somewhat miscellaneous attendance, and not too 
eclectic in its general character. [May also be reached 
from New York by Fulton ferry, an<J by Smith and Jay 
street horse-cars, or by either of the horse-car lines to 
Greenwood, thence by steam to the beach.] 

Other Short Excursions will be those to the Brooklyn 
Navy Yard, with extensive Dry Dock, Museum of marine 
curiosities, and much of general interest ; to Fort Hamil- 
ton, at the Narrows, junction of the Upper and Lower 
Bays, with fortifications and very fine sea-view [drive, or 
may be reached by Fulton or Hamilton ferry, and horse- 
cars] ; to Evergreen Cemetery, East New York [drive, 
or Fulton ferry and Fulton Avenue horse-cars] ; to Can- 
arsie and Rockaway Beach [Fulton or South ferry, Ful- 
ton or Atlantic Avenue horse-cars to East New York, 
steam cars to Canarsie, and steamboat to Rock away] ; 
to Hoboken, great base-ball and cricket grounds, and 
favorite German resort, across the Hudson, in New Jer- 
sey [ferry from Barclay street] ; to Bergen Point, [drive 
or horse-car from Jersey City, or train on New Jersey 
Central Railroad, from foot Liberty street] ; to Paterson 



NEW TORE CITY. 5£ 

and Passaic Falls [train on Erie Railway, foot Chambers 
or Twenty-third street : see route North by Erie Rail- 
way] ; to Newark, largest and most thriving city in New 
Jersey [train on New Jersey Railroad, foot of Cortland 
street ; or Newark and New York Railroad, foot Liberty 
street : see route New York to Philadelphia] ; to Eliza- 
beth, New Jersey [train on New Jersey railroad, foot 
Cortland street, or New Jersey Central, foot Liberty 
street] ; to Staten Island, [New Brighton and other pop- 
ular resorts) [ferries from Battery and from foot Dey 
street]; &c. 

Longer Excursions of interest, conveniently made from 
New York, those to (1) 

Long Branch, great sea-shore resort on the New Jer- 
sey coast, with several miles of fine bluff, bold surf-bath- 
ing, admired sea-view, splendid drives and excursions, and 
an immense number of summer hotels, capable of accom- 
modating fifteen to twenty thousand visitors (among the 
principal the Continental, West End, Mansion House r 
United States, Metropolitan, Howland, Pavilion, &c), 
and a present popularity making it the most generally 
sought and notable place on the American sea coast. It 
supplies the summer residence of President Grant, and 
has many cottages of the wealthy. Near it are Eaton- 
town (with Monmouth Park Race Ground in the imme- 
diate neighborhood), Red Bank, Deal, and other villages 
of New Jersey. [Reached by boats of the New Jersey 
Southern Railroad, to Sandy Hook (with government 
fortifications and entrance to the Lower Bay); thence 
rail, by the Highlands of Navesink (fine elevation, with. 



W SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

splendid sea-air and view, and summer-boarding place of 
merit and popularity — hotels, Thompson's, Schenck's, ) Sea- 
bright, &c., [the whole distance within sight of the sea.] 
{From Long Branch railway connection to Freehold, and 
thence to Trenton and other cities of West New Jersey ; 
or train may be taken for Manchester, Tom's River, and 
towns of New Jersey further southward ; to Atlantic 
^City or Philadelphia.] To (2) 

Lake Mahopag, pleasant and very popular minor 
watering-place, with handsome quiet wooded scenery, 
islands, fine boating, sailing, fishing and other attractions. 
Reached by Harlem Railroad, in a few hours, through 
the very fine scenery of that line, at the lower edge of 
<the Hudson Highlands. Hotels, Gregory House, Baldwin 
Mouse, &c. To (3) 

Schooley's Mountain, (Heath House) mineral springs 
■and popular summer-resort, with fine air and charming 
scenery, in the minor mountains of New Jersey ; reached 
by the Morris and Essex Railroad, from foot of Barclay 
street, by Morristown, one of the handsomest towns and 
most popular residences in the State, to Hackettstown, 
whence short ride by stage-coach. Also, Budd's Lake, 
within a few miles of the preceding, and reached by same 
^conveyances — with many attractions of boating, fishing, 
&c. Also, Lake Hopatcong, with similar attractions to 
the placj last named, reached by the same railroad to 
.Stanhope or Dover, thence carriage or boat to destina- 
tion. To (4) 

Delaware Water Gap, (Kittatinny House), lying, as 
the name indicates, at one of the finest passes of the Up- 



NEW YORK CITY. 6t 

per Delaware, through and among the mountains dividing 
Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and with superb mountain 
and river scenery, pure and healthful air, and much popu- 
larity as a place of summer resort. Has many features 
of especial woodland beauty, in Rebecca's Well, Venus 1 
Bath and Eureka Falls, views from Prospect Rock, Fox 
HiU, &c. [From the Water Gap, continuing by rail, 
may be reached Stroudsburg and the Lackawanna Coal 
Regions of Pennsylvania ; or, southward, Easton, Phila- 
delphia, &c] To (5) 

Greenport and Orient, minor watering-places at the 
east end of Long Island ; and to Jamaica and other 
places nearer. [Reached by Long Island Railroad.] Also, 
to Glen Cove, and other near places on that Island, by 
boat. To (6) 

West Point, by evening or morning boat or Hudson' 
River railroad. (See route to West Point, Catskills,, 
Albany, &c, Route No. 1.) 



ROUTE NO. 1 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YOKE TO NIAGARA FALLS AND CANADA, BY 

HUDSON RIVER, NEW YORK CENTRAL 

RAILWAY AND CONNECTIONS. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO AND AT WEST POINT AND HUDSON 
HIGHLANDS. 

The transit from New York to West Point and the 
Highlands may be made in from two to four hours, 
by (1) Hudson River Railroad to Garrison's, then 
ferry to West Point; or by (2) morning boat on the 
river, to West Point direct; or (3) evening boat on 
the river, also direct. Either of the latter is prefer- 
able to the former, for reasons hereafter to be given. 

By Rail. 

Leaving New York by rail, on Hudson River 
Railroad, the first object of special interest, except 
the high lands at and about Fort Washington, stud- 
ded with fine residences, — is the crossing from 
New York island to the mainland of Westchester, at 
Kingsbridge or Spuytenduyvel ; and on the oppo- 
site or western side of the river, commence, at about 
the same point, 



ROUTE NO. 1— NORTHERN. 63 

The Palisades, immense almost perpendicular 
masses of rock, rising sheer from the river on that 
side, in shape suggesting the name, and continuing 
at various heights of hundreds of feet, for some ten 
miles, where they break away into rugged hills. 

Beyond Spuytendnyvel, the first place of impor- 
tance passed through is the handsome small town of 
Yonhers ; then Ddbbs Ferry, with the long wharf of 
the Erie Railway opposite, at Piermont, and a ferry 
betwi en ; then Tarrytown (where the laying over oi 
a train may be well compensated in visiting " Sunny- 
side," the late residence of Washington Irving, the 
Major Andre Monument, &c, in the immediate 
neighborhood) ; then Sing-Sing, with its strong 
State-prison buildings, and on the opposite bank of 
the river a view of the gorge running back to the 
celebrated Rockland Lake, from which so much of 
the best ice is derived. After leaving Sing-Sing, 
very soon is crossed the Croton River, from works 
on which and the lake of the same name, the New 
York supply of water is derived. Shortly after 
crossing the Croton, a mass of rocks, rising conically 
and crowned with a light-house, on the other or 
west side of the river, marks Stony Point, cele- 
brated for the reckless courage displayed in its 
capture by Gen. Wayne, during the Revolutionary 
War. The next stopping-place of importance is 
Peekskill, on leaving which the 

Highlands of the Hudson are entered, pre- 
senting their heavy and picturesque masses on both. 



64 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

sides of the river, and enchanting the eye with the 
continual changes, appearances and disappearances 
made inevitable by the course of the rail way through 
them. The disembarkation from the railway is made 
at Garrison's Landing, whence ferry-boat and omni- 
bus to the Military Academy or one of the hotels at 
West Point. 

By Steamboat. 

Precisely the same features as those indicated by 
rail, will be enjoyed by boat, with the advantage of 
both sides of the river being seen in lieu of one, and 
the additional escaping of the noise inevitable in 
riding by rail along rocky passes. When entering 
the Highlands, however, the advantage of the boat 
is even more manifest, as there is scarcely a river or 
lake approach in the world, so magnificent as that 
through the Highlands proper, from Peek skill to 
West Point — fine as any one point of the Ehine, 
and forcibly reminding the tourist of the middle 
and upper portions of Loch Lomond, approaching 
and above Inversnaid. It is from boat on the river, 
especially, that the alternating wild beauty aud rug- 
ged grandeur of the giants of the range, their feet at 
the very water's-edge, can best be appreciated. 

Morning boats, making this voyage, and then 
going on up the Hudson to Albany, leave New York 
every morning, at an early hour ; and evening boats, 
passing through the Highlands before nightfall, leave 
every afternoon. 

Disembarkation, from either, is made at Cozzens' 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 65 

or the Military Academy docks at West Point; 
thence to the hotels by omnibus. 

At and near West Point. 

One of the principal attractions at West Point, 
consists in the admirable views which can be enjoyed 
either from Cozzens\ the fashionable hotel and sum- 
mer resort, on the high cliffs below the Military 
Academy, the Parry House, in the same vicinity, or 
the West Point, above it, making quiet lounging a 
continued luxury. This is not true of one direction 
alone, but of all, the elevation being high and the 
reaches of the river, above and below, singularly 
beautiful. Of excursions, the most notable is to 

Old Fort Putnam, ruins, with some portions 
of solid wall remaining, lying on a hill westward 
from the Academy. This fort must always retain 
its interest, as the " Key of the Highlands'' during 
the Eevolutionary War, and the scene of Arnold's 
intended treason. The views from it, in all di- 
rections, too, are the very finest to be enjoyed in any 
portion of the Highlands. An early visit will, of 
course, be paid to the 

United States Military Academy, which gives the 
place its peculiar importance, and which ranks 
among the first of military institutions, with some 
featuivs of severity attracting peculiar attention. 
[Information as to modes and forms of visit- 
ing, can always be obtained at the leading hotels.] 
In connection with the Academy comes the in- 
teresting spectacle, 



66 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE 

Parade of the Cadets (morning and evening) — 
which should not be missed — the evening especially* 
by any who desire to see the perpendicular in car- 
riage, the angular in motion, and the sharp in disci- 
pline. 

Pleasant excursions may also be made to Butter- 
milk Falls, in the neighborhood ; and across the 
river to Cold Spring, and to the Robinson House } 
standing four or five miles south from it, where 
Arnold resided at the time of his treason. Near 
Cold Spring may also be seen Underclijf, residence of 
the late Gen. Geo. P. Morris, the poet. 

Division B, 

WEST POINT TO AND AT THE CATSKILL MOUNTAINS. 

Northward from West Point, by steamboat on the 
way towards Albany, from the wharf; or rail from 
Garrison's Station, opposite. Assuming that the 
boat will be taken, and remembering that if pro- 
ceeding by rail the variation of scene will be very 
slight — the following will be the most important 
features, beyond "West Point. Emerging from the 
Highlands proper, and passing "Cronest" and 
"Storm King," the largest hills of the range, 
and also Cornwall Landing on the left, with much 
beauty and picturesque scenery in the neighborhood 
(among other attractions, Idlewild, residence of the 
late N. P. Willis), and Fislihill Landing on the 
right, is shortly reached, on the left, 



ROUTE NO. I— NORTHERN. G7 

Newbuugh, very sloping! y situated on the high 
bank, with large river-trade, an important railway 
connection westward to the Erie road, and one 
feature of great importance on the bluff below: 
Washington's Head- Quarters, a revolutionary relic 
of prominence, with many reminders of the hero 
and the struggle still preserved. Above Newburgh, 
though the river is fine, there is no feature of 
marked interest, until, at the right, is reached 

Poughkeepsie, a large town with some pictur- 
esqueness of location, and a triple distinction com- 
pounded of its heavy river-trade in agricultural 
products, the manufacture of ale, and the proximity 
of the noted Vassar Female College. 

Within a few miles after leaving Poughkeepsie, 
the rough scenery is supplemented and completed 
by the breaking into view, far ahead and to the left s 
of the 

Catshill Mountain Range, which thenceforth 
gcarcely leaves the eye of the tourist until arrival 
— so graceful is the outline, and so beautifully blue 
the general aspect. Minor landings of Hyde Park, 
etc., are passed, to 

Rhinebeck, on the right, where landing is made for 
Bondout arid Kingston, on the opposite side (con- 
nection by ferry), and for 

The Overlook Mountain House, new but very pop- 
ular place of summer resort, at great height on the 
southern portion of the Catskills, and commanding 
a most magnificent view, especially eastward and 



68 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

southward. Also with many attractive features in 
the neighborhood, in the Devil's Kitchen, Cleft in the 
Bocks, Pulpit Bock, Overlook Cliff, &c. Also, at a lit- 
tle distance, Shoe Lake, a beautiful and attractive 
sheet of water. [Reached from Rhinebeck by ferry 
to Bondout, thence by rail to West Hurley; thence 
by stage-coach, by the Sawkill Creek and Woodstock, 
to destination. May also be reached by evening 
boat, direct from New York to Rondout, thence as 
before.] 

Beyond Rhinebeck are passed Barrytown and 
other landings on the right, Maiden and others on 
the left, to 

Catskill La?iding, point of disembarkation for the 
Mountains, and of crossing from Oak Hill Station, 
for those who have come up by the rail. Also, 
popular summer resort, at the Prospect Park House, 
immediately above, with fine grounds and admirable 
view; at the Powell House (posting-house for the 
mountains, on the wharf) &c. [Catskill Landing 
may also be reached by evening boat from New York 
direct, and direct connection made for the moun- 
tains.] 

From Catskill Landing by stage-coach, always in 
waiting for boats and trains, by Catskill Village, the 
Half- Way House, and at one-third distance of the 
ascent of the Mountains proper, the Rip Van-Winkle 
House, with a broad flat rock beside it, on which 
tradition alleges the sleep of Irving's hero to have 
taken place. Views over the Hudson Valley are very 
fine, before reaching the 



ROUTE NO. I.— NORTHERN. 69 

Catshill Mountain House, among the highest of 
all American places of eastern sojourn, and in many 
regards the superior of all others on the continent, as 
to situation. The view from the house, over the 
Hudson river and valley, is wonderfully extensive 
and beautiful ; and Sunrise, as seen from the piazza, 
is scarcely second to the same spectacle from the 
famous Swiss Rhigi. Of excursions, there are many 
and most pleasing. The most interesting (longer 
ones by carriage, always in readiness) follow. To 

Kautershill Falls, wild and romantic basin, with" 
two cascades, of 180 and 80 feet, and picturesque in 
every aspect, above and below, besides being sur- 
rounded by wild and grand mountain and ravine 
scenery, and views of High Peak and Round Top, 
the two giants of the range, obtainable from different 
j)oints. (The Laurel House, a popular place of so- 
journ, standing at near the verge of the falls, affords 
residence to the many who wish to study the splen- 
did scenery in this immediate neighborhood). To 
the Lakes, small sheets of water, lying in primeval 
wildness; short walk from the Mountain House, or 
on the way to the Falls. Through the Clove, one of 
the most remarkable mountain clefts in the world, 
from Palensville towards Hunter, with views of the 
beautiful Fawn's Leap Fall. To Plauterkill and 
Stony Cloves. To Parker's Ledge, overlooking the 
Clove. To Moses' and Sunset Rocks. To the tops 
of the South Mountain, North Mountain, etc. To 
the top of High Peak, laborious ascent, but with 
magnificent view, etc. 



70 SHORT- TRIP G UIDE. 

Division C. 

CATSXILL MOUNTAINS TO AND AT ALBANY AND 

TROY. 

Leave Catskill by rail from Oak Hill Station ; or 
by boat from New York from Catskill Landing; 
making landing at 

Hudson, on the east side of the river, a large 
and thriving town, with considerable manufactures* 
[Point of departure for Lebanon Springs and th 5 
Shaker Village connected with them; as also for 
Columbia Springs / both minor watt ring-places of 
salubrious situation and increasing popularity. 
A'so, railway connection east for Boston.] From 
Hudson, through scenery much tamer than along 
the Lower Hudson — past Athens (whence there is a 
railway to Albany), Coxsachie, JSTeiv Baltimore, etc., 
on the left; and Stuyvesant, Kinderhooh (residence 
of the late President Martin Van Buren), Castleton, 
etc., on the right — to 

Albany, Capital of the State of New York, some- 
what picturesquely situated on ri&ing ground, on the 
west bank of the Hudson, with Greenbush opposite^ 
the river spanned by a rail way -bridge of recent 
erection and a certain celebrity on account of the 
opposition made to it by the residents of Troy, 
higher up the stream. It has great commercial 
importance, as the virtual head of sailing-vessel 
navigation northward ; as a heavy lumber and tim- 
ber depot ; and especially as the point at which the 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 71 

immense carrying-trade of the Erie and Champlain 
Canals enters the Hudson. 

The buildings best worth a visit and observation 
are the Capitol (soon to be replaced by a much finer 
erection), with the Senate and Assembly Chambers 
(legislative sessions from 1st January to 1st April) ; 
the State Library, adjoining ; the State House, with 
government offices ; the Dudley Observatory, rapidly 
assuming position as one of the first institutions of 
the kind in the country ; the State Arsenal ; the 
University; the Medical College (with Museum), 
the City Hall; State Normal School, &c. Rides 
from Albany are many and attractive — especially to 
the Cemetery (one of the handsomest in the State), 
to Colwes Falls, Lansingburgh, and other handsome 
and thriving villages at practicable distance, and to 
some one of the Shaker Villages lying northward — 
at the latter of which (as at Lebanon), the most odd 
and peculiar of all forms of worship may be encoun- 
tered. Leading hotels at Albany, the Delavan, Stan- 
wix Hall, Congress Hall, &c. 

From Albany, by street-car, omnibus or boat to 
Teoy, some eight miles up the rapidly-diminishing 
river from the Capital, where will be found nearly a 
rival of the latter in size and population, its superior 
in beauty of location, and not only a flourishing 
town in general manufactures, but one of the most 
extensive lumber and timber depots in the world. 
It lies on both sides of the river — the eastern portion 
called by the common name, and the western, West 



72 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Troy. There is much manufacturing, of various 
heavy kinds in both divisions, but especially in West 
Troy, where street-cars, stoves and oilcloths are 
among the principal articles, while at the Water vliet 
Arsenal (United States government) the founding 
of small arms and munitions of war is carried on 
very extensively. Troy has also additional promi- 
nence from the junction of the Northern, Western 
and Eastern lines of railway, here occurring; it has 
some churches of prominence (St. John and St. 
Paul, the principal) — the Rensselaer Polytechnic In- 
stitute, and the Female Seminary, both popular in 
management and extensive in influence. Two slight 
eminences, near the town, bear the ridiculously 
classical names of Mt. Ida and Mt. Olympus ; and 
there are two pretty cemeteries — Oafavood and 
Mount Ida. From Troy, also, may be conveniently 
reached, by carriage or other conveyance, Oohoes, 
Lansingburgh, &c. 

Division D. 

NEW YORK TO ALBANY OR TROY BY NIGHT-BOAT. 

Those who have before made the passage of the 
Hudson from New York to Albany by daylight ; or 
those who intend to return by some day-route, and 
so do not wish to consume time or experience fatigue 
on the route northward before reaching Albany — will 
be able to make the transit, so far as the latter 
place, by night-steamers on the Hudson, leaving 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 73 

New York at 6 P. M., finding luxurious accommoda- 
tion for eating and sleeping, on board, and reaching 
Albany or Troy at so early an hour in the morning 
as to ensure connection with the trains for either the 
Northern, Western or Eastern routes. 

For this transit two lines present themselves : the 
People's Line (New Jersey Steamboat Company), in 
the very large and splendid boats of which the. full 
luxury of American river-navigation is seen ; and 
the Hancox Line (Albany and Troy Steamboat 
Company), displaying less splendor though supply- 
ing strong and efficient boats, and making a spe- 
cialty of reduced prices as compared with the 
People's Line. 

Going by either of these lines, in the long days of 
midsummer, a considerable portion of the scenery of 
the lower Hudson is passed through before the dis- 
appearance of daylight; and if time at or near the 
full moon can be chosen, the sail under such cir- 
cumstances through the Hudson Highlands affords 
aspects of peculiar beauty not otherwise attainable. 

Division E. 

ALBANY OR TROY TO AND AT TRENTON FALLS. 

The New York Central Railroad will be taken at 
either Albany or Troy, bending westward, up the 
very handsome though narrow 

Valley of the Mohawk, considered one of the finest 
in America for tracts of quiet beauty in scenery; 



74 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and often within sight of that wonderful enterprise 
in original construction and present capacity of con- 
veyance, the 

Erie Canal, which crosses the whole State between 
Lake Erie, at Buffalo, and the Hudson, at Albany ; 
— by Schenectady, a quiet little old town, principally 
celebrated as having been the scene of a dreadful 
conflagration and massacre by the Indians, during 
the Revolutionary War. [Railway branches here for 
Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Cham plain and Mon- 
treal, for those who prefer.] From Schenectady, by 
minor stations of Fonda ; Palatine Bridge [point of 
disembarkation for Sharon Springs, reached hence 
by coach] ; Fort Plain [whence coach conveyance 
to Otsego Lake, Cooper stown (residence of the late 
Fenimore Cooper) and Cherry Valley\ ; Little Falls 
(where particular attention is due to the wondrous 
river-and-rock scenery of the pass on the left) ; and 
Herkimer — to 

Utica, one of the flourishing large towns of Cen- 
tral New York, and Capital of Oneida County. It 
is pleasantly situated on rising ground on the south 
side of the Mohawk River, and is surrounded by 
very fertile lands, from which proceeds, at the hands 
of the Welsh and other residents, one of the principal 
cheese-manufactures of the country. The town stands 
on the site of old Fort Schuyler, of Revolutionary 
fame; is an entrepot of both the New York Central 
Railroad and Erie Canal; and lias a peculiar though 
melancholy attraction in the large and well-managed 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 7& 

State Lunatic Asylum. Drives around Utica are 
numerous and excellent. Prominent hotels at Utica, 
Baggs' and the American, 

Lay over at Utica one day or more, and proceed, 
either by carriage direct, or by cars of the Utica and 
Black River Railroad to South Trenton and thence 
by omnibus, to 

Trenton" Falls, on West Canada Creek, branch 
of the Mohawk River — a series of cascades unexcelled 
in the world for picturesque beauty. The principal 
falls are five in number, successively, passing up the 
stream, the Sherman Fall, High Fall. Mill-Dam 
Fall, Alhamhra Fall and Rocky Heart. To appre- 
ciate and enjoy them thoroughly, the tourist needs 
to descend the bank, by stairway, to the rocky level 
at the bottom, as far as practicable, and pass up 
along the left bank, on an irregular line of shelf- 
path, easily found, and presenting little difficulty 
and no danger to the careful. The rock-strata of 
this remarkable gorge will excite mingled wonder 
and admiration, — as will the really unique collection 
of fossils and crystals found in the neigborhood and 
kept on view at Moore's Hotel, near the Falls. Re- 
turning from the extreme point reached, to below 
the M ill-Dam Fall, the stairway should be ascended,, 
to the Rural Retreat, to view the High Fall from 
above — and way taken back to the Hotel through 
the fine woods. Return to Utica for pursuance of 
route northward. 



76 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division F. 

TRENTON FALLS AND UTICA TO NIAGARA FALLS. 

Leave Utica by rail on New York Central Rail- 
road, to 

Rome, a thriving town, also on the Mohawk 
Eiver and the Erie Canal. [Here, those who wish 
to proceed more directly to the St. Lawrence and 
Canada, may take Rome, Watertown and Ogdens- 
bnrgh Railroad, to Watertown, for crossing to Kings- 
ton and the Grand Trunk Line in either direction — 
or to Ogdensburgh, for crossing to Prescott and 
nearest route to Ottawa]. Rome, continuing by New 
York Central, to 

Syracuse, large and nourishing town of Onon- 
daga County, at the junction of the Erie and Oswego 
Canals, with an immense production of salt from 
the Salt-wells, and the peculiar celebrity of having 
long been the favorite place for political conven- 
tions. It is pleasantly situated at the south end 
of Onondaga Lake. [Railway connection, here, 
southward by the Syracuse and Binghamton Rail- 
road, to Bingliamton and ihe Erie Railway ; and 
northward to Oswego, on the shore of Lake Ontario, 
with steamer connection to Canadian ports and down 
the St. Lawrence. Branch line of the New York 
Central may also be taken, at Syracuse, direct to 
Buffalo, by 

Auburn, nourishing town on Cayuga Lake, and 
^capital of Cayuga County, where one of the New 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 77 

York State Prisons is located, and where Secretary 
Seward has long resided — by Cayuga, Geneva, Can- 
andaigua (whence branch lines to Rochester and 
southward to the Erie Railway at Elmira), Cale- 
donia, LeRoy and Batavia.~\ 

By main line, from Syracuse, by Clyde, Lyons 1 
and Palmyra, to 

Rochester, on the Genesee River, one of the 
largest towns of Northern New York, and one of 
the most prosperous. It has a great natural curi- 
osity, in Genesee Falls, a single cataract of eminence,, 
in jumping from which {i Sam Patch," the leaper, 
lost his life, many years ago. Artificially, its lead- 
ing attractions are the great Brie Canal Aqueduct 
over the Genesee ; the Rochester University and 
TJieological Seminary ; Mount Hope Cemetery ; St. 
Mary's Hospital, etc. [Railway connection south- 
ward to the Erie Railway, at Corning; also by rail 
to Charlotte, on the lake shore, whence boats to all; 
points on Lake Ontario]. Leading hotels, the Os~ 
born, Congress, Brachett, &c. 

From Rochester, by New York Central, by Brock- 
port, Albion, Medina, and Lochport (point of en- 
trance into the Erie Canal, from Lake Erie), to- 
Niagara (village), and * 

Niagaea Falls, first natural curiosity of America 
and admittedly among the first, in the world. 



78 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division G. 

AT AND ABOUT NIAGAEA. 

Most students of geography, even those who have 
never traveled, know that the Falls of Niagara lie 
between the Slate of New York, and Canada, and 
that they are formed by the rushing through the 
comparatively narrow pass of the Niagara Eiver, 
over a curved shelf of uneven rocks, of all the mighty 
mass of water going eastward from Lake Erie to 
Lake Ontario ; and to a smaller number of non_ 
visitors are known the additional facts that the 
JTorse-Shoe Fall (Canadian side) is 1 800 feet across ; 
that Goat Island, separating the two, is 500 feet in 
width ; that the American Fall is only 900 feet in 
width ; that the average depth of descent is esti- 
mated to be about 160 feet; and that the enormous 
amount of 100,000,000 tons of water is believed to 
pass over the ledge every hour — nearly 1,500,000 
tons every minute, and about 250,000 tons every 
second or beat of the pulse ! Beyond this, no addi- 
tional statistics need be given, except that the banks 
of the river, below the falls, have a perpendicular 
height of about 180 feet, and that the mass of water, 
below, all the way to the Whirlpool, is compressed 
into an average space of about 480 feet of width. 

It is scarcely necessary to say that days of sojourn 
at the Falls are desirable, to see them in all their 
varying aspect and become fully acquainted with 
their beauty (often underrated) as well their gran- 



ROUTE NO. 1.- NORTHERN 79 

deur. The short- trip traveler, however, will be 
better served than otherwise, with a brief statement 
of the points of view most absolutely necessary and 
most conveniently attained. Of these are (1) that 

Over the Rapids — view caught in passing from the 
neighborhood of the Cataract House, by the fragile- 
looking but perfectly-secure bridge, to Goat Island. 
It is doubtful whether the cataract itself is more im- 
pressive than this mad rush of waters, threatening to 
sweep away the beholder at any instant, and sug- 
gesting all the images of beautiful rage and fury. (2), 

From Goat Island, over the Canadian Fall, the 
Canada shore and the lower rapids — with the shape 
of the horseshoe fully denned, and the rainbow al- 
most constant during fine weather. (3), 

From Terrapin Tower (small tower at the edge of 
the Canadian Fall, reached by bridge from Goat 
Island), giving the opportunity to look almost per- 
pendicularly down the cataract, with other points of 
view nearly the same as from Goat Island. (4), 

From Prospect Point, near the International House, 
on the American side, giving the American Fall al- 
most at the feet, and the Canadian Fall and shore 
broadly opposite. (5), 

From under the American Fall, down-river side, 
reaching that point by descent of steps or Inclined 
Railway, from Prospect Point. From no other 
point of view can the impression of the broken 
bright water really falling from the clouds, be caught 
in such enchanting perfection. (6), 



80 &HORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

From the River, crossing the lower rapids by boat, 
and looking up to the Falls from the greatest attain- 
able depth below them. (7), 

From the Suspension Bridges, especially the upper 
and smaller one, near the Falls. (8), 

From the Clifton Ledge, in front of the Clifton 
House, on the Canadian side — the American Fall 
being seen from this point to perhaps even better 
advantage, and the whole ensemble of the Falls bet- 
ter caught, than even in the view (9), 

From Table Rock, higher up on the Canadian 
side, immediately at the verge and edge of the Horse- 
Shoe Fall, always a favorite with experienced visi- 
tors, and from which point the view in Church's 
great picture was taken. Descent 

Under the Falls may be made, by those who have 
taste for that style of adventure — either by going 
down the Biddle Staircase, from Goat Island (under 
American Fall and to the Cave of the Winds), or the 
staircase at Table Eock (under Canadian Fall, to 
Termination Rock). Neither of these descents should 
be made, however, without due preparation of water- 
proof clothing (kept on hand at both points named), 
and the services of a capital guide. 

Lunar Island, joined by a bridge to Goat Island 
on the right, should be visited, in sunlight to see 
the Rainbow of the Falls in greatest perfection and, 
in moonlight, if the time of visit so serves, in the 
chance of seeing that most wonderful of spectacles, 
the Lunar rainbow. 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 81 

Other Spots to be profitably visit(d at and near 
the Falls, may be named 

Grand Island, very large island, above (reached 
bv 'erry) notable as the spot where Major Mordecai 
M. Noah, of New York, some fifty years ago com- 
menced to build what he believed to be the City of 
Restoration of the Jews. (Monument commemora- 
tive, still remaining) ; 

The Whirlpool, three miles below the Falls on 
American side, and showing one of the most terrible 
circular rushes of water in the world — with its pen- 
dant, still below, the Devil's Hole ; the 

Burning Spring, within a short walk above the 
Falls, on the Canada s'de, showing some rare phe- 
nomena in liquid combustion; 

Lundy's Lane (Canada side — carriage), scene of the 
Battle of Chippewa (1812), with an observatory and 
many stories of that battle ; 

Queenstoii and Lewiston, opposite towns on the 
Niagara River, seven or eight miles below the Falls ; 
the former (Canada side) with a handsome monu- 
ment to the English General Brock, who fell here 
in 1812. Prominent hotels at Niagara, the Cataract, 
International, and Park Place, on the American side ; 
and the Clifton, on the Canada side. 

[From Niagara (Suspension Bridge) through 
Canada, by Great Western Railway, to Detroit, 
Chicago, and the West (including California) ; or, 
Niagara to Buffalo, and West by the Lake Shore 
Railroad; or, by the Grand Trunk, to Toronto, 



82 SHORT- TRIP G VIBE. 

Ottawa, Montreal, and other Canadian cities; or, 
rail to Kingston, and thence boat to and down the 
Kiver St. Lawrence to Montreal, etc. [See Canadian 
routes.] 



•v 



ROUTE NO. 2 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YORK TO BUFFALO, NIAGARA FALLS AND 
CANADA, BY THE ERIE RAILWAY. 

Leave New York (by morning train, for enjoy- 
ment of Delaware and Susquehanna scenery) by 
ferry from foot Chambers St., or foot 23d St., to 
Long Dock at Pavonia (New Jersey), midway be- 
tween the towns of Hoboken and Jersey City — the 
immense range of wharf commanding admiration for 
the enterprize which has created the whole from 
tide- water and useless marsh; and its importance 
added to by its late selection as the site of the piers 
and houses of the White Star Line of Steamers to 
Liverpool. 

From Long Dock, by rail, on the Erie Eailway ; 
the first point of interest after departure being 
the 

Bergen Tunnel, through the West Bergen Hills,, 
reached within a lew moments after leaving the 
wharf, some three miles in length, and considered a 
most costly and elaborate piece of engineering, until 
dwarfed by recent examples in the same line. Be- 
yond, the first town of any importance passed 
through, is 

Peterson, New Jersey, capital of Passaic County,, 
in that State; the town presenting many interesting 



84 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

features in manufactures and industry. Paper, cot- 
ton, silk and other fabrics are extensively produced; 
and iron and steel working have even more promi- 
nence. The Ivanhoe Paper Mills, here, are the most 
extensive in the country; Paterson foundries boast 
of being able to produce steamship-shafts and other 
heavy irons, of greater size than any others in Ame- 
rica; and two of the most successful and notable of 
the establishments for the manufacture of locomo- 
tive engines, in the world, are located here — those of 
■Grant, and of the Bogers Co., of whom the former 
won the great gold medal at the French Exposition 
of 1867, for the splendid locomotive " America." 
Within the boundaries of the town are also to be 
seen the 

Passaic Falls, on the river of the same name — 
well worthy the tourist's attention, from the peculiar 
character of the chasm into which the river leaps, 
and the rock-scenery in the vicinity. Beyond Pater- 
son, the scenery, which has so far been tame, rough- 
ens and becomes better worthy of notice, as the hills 
of Orange County begin to break into view; and 
thenceforth, for a long distance, it may be said that 
the Erie road is one of the most picturesque in 
America — a marvel of wild natural beauty in sur- 
roundings, as well as of enterprize in engineering. 
Ar 

Sufferrts Station [junction with the old road, 
now used for freight only, to Piermont, on the Hud 
*£Oii], commences the fine scenery of the 



ROUTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 85 

Ramapo Mountains, Gap and Valley, scene of 
many of General Washington's warlike operations^ 
and the country around and beyond, entering Orange 
County, in the State of New York, equally cele- 
brated for the wonderful richness of its dairy pro- 
ducts — the noted Orange County milk and butter. 

At Sloatsiurg, stage may be taken to Greenwood 
Lake, a rural summer resort of much beauty and 
some popularity. 

At Grey court occurs the junction with another 
and now more important branch of the line — that to 
Newburgh, on the Hudson, by Warwick. Passeng- 
ers for Greenwood Lake also proceed from Grey- 
court. The most important of the other stations 
passed on this portion of the route, is that of 

Middletown, capital of Orange County, with much 
industry, extensive iron-works, an academy, and a 
surrounding country at once fertile and picturesque. 
Beyond Middletown soon conies into view the mag- 
nificent scenery and bold engineering operations con- 
nected with the great 

Shawangunh Mountain, the passage around which,. 
by railway, was once deemed impossible. From this 
point, alternate rock cuttings ol great depth and 
length, and magnificent views over the Neversink 
Valley and into the wild gorges of the Upper Dela- 
ware (river), of which the first comprehensive views 
are caught shortly before reaching 

Port Jervis, a village picturesquely situated among 
the mountains, at the point of junction of three 



86 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

States — New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, 
and once enjoying evil repute from the facility with 
which doubtful characters residing there could quick- 
ly change their State and thus baffle the officers of 
justice. It is now a place of limited summer resort 
and the end of the first or Eastern Division of the 
Erie road. [Falls of the Sawlcill, fine cascades, six 
miles distant, by carriage or stage-coach.] 

Beyond Port Jervis the tourist enjoys fine views 
of the Delaware and Hudson Canal, in full opera- 
tion; and then comes the yet wilder scenery of the 
Upper Delaware, the road running in many places 
closely along its high rocky banks, and the en- 
gineering of the whole line at this section Worthy of 
being remembered beside that of the Rhone Valley 
road among the heights of Jura, and that of the 
road through the Apennines between Bologna and 
Florence. At near Sliohola, perhaps the finest and 
wildest portion of the railway scenery is passed; 
though the views approaching and leaving Lacha- 
waxen should by no means be lost. Passing Mast 
Hope, Narrowsburg, Callicoon (the latter and indeed 
all the places lately named, great headquarters for 
trout-fishermen and mountain-sportsmen generally) 
and Hancock, 

At Deposit dinner is found, and farewell is bidden 
to the Delaware River. Beyond this point the grade 
is somewhat heavy and the ascent slow, until the top 
of the ridge is reached, after which follows corres- 
pondingly rapid descent for a certain distance. Not 



ROUTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 87 

long after commencement of the descent, is crossed 
the once celebrated 

Cascade Bridge, with a single arch over a ravine 
nearly two hundred feet in depth (now changed to 
a high embankment) ; and here begin to be caught 
wonderful views over the lovely Valley of the Susque- 
hanna and the fine River of that name. Very soon 
after is crossed the 

Starucca Viaduct, a splendid stone structure some 
1,200 feet in length and about 120 feet in height — 
considered one of the noblest railway bridges on the 
Continent, while the scenery from and around it is 
wondrously lovely and attractive. Still another 
high crossing is made over a fine wooden trestle 
bridge, at Lanesborough ; and then is reached 

Susquehanna, an important station and the end of 
the second or Delaware division of the road, as well 
as noted for engine-work and other heavy manufac- 
tures. Only a few miles beyond is reached 

Great Bend, another important railway station, 
and the point of intersection with this road, of the 
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Road, from the 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania. [Near Kirkwood, 
next station beyond, may be seen an old wooden 
house possessing a certain interest as the place of 
birth of the first Morman prophet, Joe Smith]. The 
next place of importance reached is 

Binghamtok, handsomely situated at the junc- 
tion of the Susquehanna and Chenango rivers, and 
deriving its name from an early settler, Mr. Bing- 



88 8H0RT-TB1P GUIDE. 

ham, ancestor on one side of the present noble En- 
glish banking family, the Ashburton Barings. It has 
of late years enjoyed the distinction of being the site 
of the New York State Inebriate Asylum, of which a 
view of the handsome and extensive buildings can 
be caught from the train, on the right. Bingham- 
ton is very thriving, and considered very beautiful, 
healthy, and well worth a brief sojourn for exami- 
nation. [Connection, here, with the Central Road, 
by the Syracuse and Binghamton Railroad]. Be- 
yond Bingham ton, the next important station is 

Oivego, a large and handsome village, on a creek 
of the same name, near which, at a short distance, 
may be seen Glenmary, residence once occupied by 
the late IN". P. Willis. [Connection, here, northward, 
by branch railway, to Ithaca, on Cayuga LakeJ. 
Some half dozen stations beyond, is reached 

Elmiea, another chief town of Western New 
York, lying on the Chemung River, surrounded by 
handsome scenery and displaying much thrift and 
prosperity. [Connection, here, northward, directly 
with Niagara Falls by the Elmira, Canandaigua and 
Niagara Falls Railway; and southward to Harris- 
burg, Philadelphia, etc., by the Williamsport and 
Elmira Pennsylvania Central, and other intersec- 
ting lines]. 

At Coming, also on the Chemung, occurs a pecu- 
liar connection with the coal-fields of Pennsylvania, 
by the Corning and Blossburg Railroad. Also, 
a branch of the Erie road runs northward direct to 
Rochester. 



ROUTE NO. 2— NORTHERN. 89 

At Hornellsville the Erie Railway branches into 
two main lines, the one leading west, by 

Salamanca [junction with the Atlantic and Great 
Western road, south west ward to Corry and the Oil 
Regions of Pennsylvania] and Dayton, to 

Dunkirk, on Lake Erie, terminus of the Erie 
Railway in that direction, and point of junction with 
the Lake Shore Railroad for Cleveland and Toledo 
(Ohio), Chicago, and other points west and north- 
west. 

T^ie second or northern branch of the Erie road, 
leaving Ilornellsville, runs northwestward, by Nunc! a, 
Portage (with splendid bridge, of great height, and 
fine Eall of the Genesee, called Portage Fall), War- 
saw and Attica, to 

Buitaxo, on Lake Erie, largest town of Western 
New York, and one of the most important commer- 
cial depots of the Middle States. It only dates from 
the commencement of the century, owing much 
of its rapid early progress to the enterprising and 
unfortunate Benjamin Rathbun, who involved him- 
self fatally in the attempt to make it the Queen of 
the Lakes. It is the point of entrance to the Erie 
Canal, from the Lake, and enjoys an immense 
grain and other shipping trade with the West, by 
steamers and large schooners. It has now not less 
than 40 large grain warehouses, with capacity for 
storing sis to eight millions of bushels; has very 
large iron manufactures; has several public grounds 
— Terrace Park, Niagara, Delaware, Washington, 



90 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Franklin and other squares; has a University, Medi- 
cal School, Orphan Asylum, Marine Hospital, &c. ; 
and many of the public buildings, including the 
City Hall, Custom House, Post Office, State Arsenal, 
Market Houses and some of the Churches (the Ro- 
man Catholic Cathedral especially) are worthy the 
attention of even the temporary sojourner. After- 
noon breezes from the Lake, facilities for water-excur- 
sions, proximity to the Canadian shore, &c, make 
Buffalo a charming place of abode during the hot 
season, though the atmosphere is often too dam^for 
the health of invalids inclined to pulmonary trouble. 
Prominent Hotels, Mansion House, Courier House, 
Western, Genesee House, Revere House, &c. 

[Buffalo, by rail to Niagara Falls and Suspension 
Bridge, for Canada and the East, or for the West, 
(See close of previous route). Or, direct to Sarnia, 
Detroit, Chicago, &c, by the Grand Trunk Railway. 
Or, to Dunkirk and the Lake Shore road thence to 
the West. Or, by Lake steamer to Cleveland and 
other points westward.] 



ROUTE NO. 3 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YORK TO SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, LAKE 
CHAMPLAIN AND MONTREAL, WITH OPTION 
OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS. • 

New York to Albany or Troy, as by Northern 
Koute No. 1. Thence train on the Rensselaer and 
Saratoga Railroad along the Hudson and Mohawk 
Rivers, and with a view in passing of the Falls 
of Colioes, on the latter, and also of the Erie Canal 
and of Ronnd Lake — to 

Ballston Spa, once the rival of Saratoga as a place 
of medicinal and fashionable resort, and still fre- 
quented by a considerable number of health-seekers, 
though the largest of the hotels, the Sans Souci, has 
long since been converted into a seminary, and the 
tide of summer travel has turned towards the more 
celebrated springs. Ballston has original advan- 
tages of location over Saratoga, the fine creek or 
small river, the Kayederosseras, flowing through it, 
and materially adding to pleasantness as an abode ; 
and while as a watering-place it will never quite 
decay, it may some day see a reLurn to its old popu- 
larity. From Ballston, half an hour, through very 
flat though well shaded country, to 

Saratoga (better known as " Saratoga Springs") 
— the most fashionable of the Ameiican Spas. 



$2 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

Division A. 

AT ASTD ABOUT SARATOGA. 

This most celebrated of summer resorts on the 
Western Continent, with the possible exception of 
Niagara — has few natural features to produce such 
continued celebrity, its situation being comparatively 
low, its soil sandy, and its climate decidedly hot in 
midsummer. But long care and much expense 
have made its grounds shaded and attractive; and 
the number and varied character of its springs have 
counterbalanced all opposition and given it a popu- 
larity not likely to lessen during the present centu- 
ry. During the past few years, speculation (not to 
call it by any worse name), has joined with liberal en- 
terprize in providing extraordinary attractions, in 
the shape of 

The Race- Course absorbing attention during a 
certain number of days of the season, and presenting 
some of the worst features of the English turf, in the 
way of high betting ; and 

TJie Play-House, in imitation of 'Baden-Baden and 
Hombourg, with the addition of being owned and 
managed by an Honorable M. C. Another and more 
meritorious feature is 

The Leland Opera House, near and attached to 
the Union Hotel, and affording splendid opportuni- 
ties for concerts, grand balls and other festivals, 
more pleasant to the sojourners than (it is to be 
feared) profitable to those providing the accommoda- 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 93 

tion. Of course the principal source of popularity 
and profit has been found in 

TJie Springs, of which the whole number must 
approach twenty, very different in character, while 
upon two or three of them has been concentrated, 
until lately, nearly the whole popularity giving 
patronage to the group. The waters of the Congress 
lead the list, now, instead of monopolizing as they 
once did: they are bottled extensively and sent 
everywhere, as well as consumed unlimitedly at the 
Spring. After them, of late, have come the Em- 
pire, pressing close upon the Congress as an arti- 
cle of commerce; and no small amount of popularity 
in the same line is being attained by those of the 
High Rock (held to be specially strong and medici- 
nal), the Hathorn, the Constitution, &c, — while the 
Iodine % the Columbian and others command exten- 
sive home-consumption. The virtual " Pump-Room" 
of Saratoga, meanwhile, has been and continues in 
the Congress Spring, most picturesequely located 
and best kept, and with fine grounds near to add to 
its attraction. 

[Saratoga suffered very severely by fire in 1865 
and 1866, two of the oldest and largest of the hotels, 
the United States and Congress Hall, almost as 
truly features of the place as the Springs themselves, 
and endeared by a thousand recollections as well as 
made classic by Willis' charming sketches, going 
down in those years. One of them has since been re- 
built, however, with enlarged accommodation; the^ 



54 8H0RT- TRIP Q UIDE. 

other will be ; and although a large supplementary 
fire, in September, 1871, destroyed several minor 
houses, there is no fear whatever ol Saratoga per- 
manently suffering from deficiency of hotel accom- 
modation.] 

[The hint is worth something, to strangers — that 
the most delightful time for visiting Saratoga is to 
be found later than the full season — say in Septem- 
ber and early October, when the climate is delicious, 
and when the loveliest sunsets of the world (finer 
than the Italian) can be enjoyed from the hills 
just northward.] 

Excursions from Saratoga are not many or remark- 
ably varied. The most popular is found in the after- 
noon ride to the Lake, six miles distant — a hand- 
some forest-girded bit of water, with fine facilities 
for boating and fishing, and with Moon's and 
Abell's "Lake Houses" to supply entertainment to 
yisitors. With this ride is often combined a visit to 
Barhydtfs Mill, on the road — also made classic by 
Willis. Another excursion, generally made, is that 
to the Battle Field of Stillwater — scene of Sir John 
Burgoyne's surrender to Genl. Gates in 1777. 

Prominent Hotels at Saratoga, Union Hall, Con- 
gress Hall, Clarendon, &c. 

Division B* 

SARATOGA TO AND AT LAKE GEORGE. 

The route from Saratoga is by cars of the Saratoga 
and Washington Railroad, to 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 95 

Moreau Station, where stage-coach is taken for the 
crossing of the intervening mountains. This ride is 
a notable one, the views of the Upper Hudson, Fort 
Edward, and the different ranges of hills within 
view, k( eping the traveler continually on the alert, 
especially if the weather allows an outside seat on 
the coach. Within a few miles from Moreau is 
passed through 

Glenn s Falls, on the Hudson, the village most 
wildly and picturesquely located at a pass of the 
river through rocks of terrible roughness, and the in- 
terest materially added to by the fact that among 
these broken rocks Cooper laid the scene of a part of 
the "Last of the Mohicans." Half way between 
Glenn's and the Lake is passed 

Bloody Pond, scene of the defeat of Col. Williams 
by the French and Indians under Baron Dieskau, 
and slaughter of all his force, in 1755, during the 
old French wars, and of which the name is said to 
have been derived from the literal filling of th^ pond 
with bodies on that occasion. Shortly after leaving 
Bloody Pond, and on emergence from the forest on 
high ground, is enjoyed one of the most magnificent 
views supplied by the Western Continent, in the 
beautiful "Horicon" (Indian name of Lake George) 
its islands and mountain borderings. 

Caldwell, south end of the Lake, is the spot where 
the traveler is set down, from Moreau ; and here 
and near are located some of the most enjoyable of 
the hotels welcoming visitors 



96 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Rowing, Sailing, and Fishing on Lake George are 
privileges not to be ignored: the more enjoyable for 
the wonderful clearness of the water, which often 
allows the bottom to be seen at twenty or thirty feet, 
and which won for it from the French the name of 
"Le Lac du St. Sacrament" and induced the carry- 
ing of the water to great distances for baptismal 
purposes. The variety of fish caught — trout, perch, 
pike, &c, commends it to the special favor of sports- 
men. It is while on the water, too, that the beauti- 
ful panorama ot the Lake, with its islands and en- 
circling mountains, admitted to be among the finest 
on the globe, can best be enjojed. 

The Old Forts must command a certain degree of 
attention from the visitor to Lake George, combin- 
ing, as they do, historical interest with their loca- 
tion. Of Fort William Henry, the small traces of 
embankment remaining lie immediately beside the 
Hotel of the same name, from in front of which the 
best views are commanded and the steamboat em- 
barkations on the Lake are made. Of Fort George, 
half a mile eastward, considerable portions of the 
crumbling walls yet present themselves, half buried 
by earth and overgrown with trees. Leading hotels 
at Lake George, the Lake House and Fort William 
Henry. 

[From Lake George may be visited, by stage- 
wagon or other conveyance, Schroon Lake a small 
wild, picturesque sheet of water lying north-west- 
ward ; and thence, the lower part of the 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 97 

Adirondack Mountains among the boldest and 
most interesting chains of the East, and of late 
years very popular as resorts for pleasure seekers and 
heal h-seekers who have no objection to "camping- 
out" and "roughing" it a little. Particulars of 
special routes, best obtained of those who manage 
the conveyances; as all other information on such 
partially-opened lines, must be more or less unreli- 
able and risky.] 

Leaving Caldwell for the passage northward, a 
small steamer is taken ; and the entire passage to 
Ticonderoga, about 35 miles, is one of the most 
charming in any land, affording otherwise unattain- 
able views of the surrounding mountains and the 
almost countless islands of the little body of water 
so favored, the actual number of which is said to 
reach nearly or quite three hundred. Among the 
most notable of these in this part of the Lake, are 
Diamond Island, Burgoyne's military dppot in 1777; 
Long Island, north of Diamond ; Twelve Mile Is- 
land, near Bolton. Not far beyond the latter, 
Tongue Mountain thrusts itself out into the Lake 
to a great distance (whence the name), forming a 
part of the Narrows, entered just beyond, under the 
shadow of Black Mountain, the highest peak of the 
lake- shore. North of the Narrows comes Sabbath 
Day Point, a strip of low, cultivated land, so named, 
as alleged, by Genl. Abercrombie, from a Sunday 
morning embarkation of troops made there. Not 
far beyond, passing the bold headland of Rogers* 



98 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Slide, are passed Prisoners' Island, used as a place 
of military confinement by the English during the 
old French war; and Lord Howe's Point, where 
that English general landed to make his attack on 
Ticonderoga. Directly beyond comes an insignificant 
landing, at which concludes the beautiful sail on 
Lake George, and the tourist enjoys a three mile 
ride, often in a rough wagon instead of a stage-coach, 
over a rough road that still seems to be unobjection- 
able and in keeping with the journey, to the ruins of 
Ticonderoga. 

Division C. 

TICONDEROGA BY LAKE CHAMPLAIN TO 
MONTREAL. 

Crossing from Lake George, by stage-coach or 
wagon, as above, 

Fort Ticonderoga will be found only a ruin, with 
one gable remaining to show its original height. It 
was first constructed by the French, about 1756, but 
derives its principal interest from the peculiar mode 
of its summons to surrender by the madcap Vermon- 
ter, Ethan Allen, in 1775, the formula being : " In 
the name of the Continental Congress and the Great 
Jehovah !" It was soon retaken by the British, how- 
ever, and held during the war. [From Ticonderoga 
detour may be made to Croivn Point, another place 
of revolutionary interest, taken at nearly the same 
time ; and thence may be reached most conveniently 
by wagon and on foot, Lake Sanford, Lake Hender- 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 9ft 

eon, and beyond the famous Indian Pass and the 
great peaks of the Adirondack Mountains ; Tali- 
mous, or Mount Matey, Mount Mclntyre, the Vial 
Mountain, etc.] 

At the wharf at Ticonderoga, to continue main 
route northward, steamer on Lake Ohamplain is 
taken ; and thenceforth, in fine weather, is found 
a sail of many hours, not often equaled in enjoy- 
ment. Besides the towns and hamkts studding the 
shores, there are special poiuts of interest on the 
Lake in the shape of singular rocks and islands, of 
which the most notable, below, may be mentioned as 
Split Rock, an immense mass of ironstone, half an 
acre in extent, split away from the main only about 
twelve feet ; the Four Brothers, small islands always 
haunted and half covered with noisy gulls, like Ailsa 
-Craig; Juniper Island and Rock Dundee, both 
masses of rocks rising to the height of over 30 feet. 
It is not in these particulars, however, that lies the 
chief charm of sailing on noble Champlain (130 miles 
in length, and width varying from \ mile to 13 : 
area covered, about 500 sq. miles). That principal 
charm lies in the presence of a noble range of moun- 
tains at either side : at the right, the Green Moun- 
tains of Vermont, among the highest in Eastern 
America ; on the left, at greater distance, the equally 
noble range of the Adirondacks. 

Landings are made, on the left, at 

Piatt sour g, New York, a thriving town and scene 
of the land-and-naval battle between the English 



100 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and Americans in September, 1814 [From Platts- 
bnrg may be visited Keeseville, a thriving town of 
Essex County; and thence the Au Sable River, the 
Saranac Lakes, and the great fishing and pleasure 
grounds of the Northern Adirondacks, may all 
be reached by taking stage from Keeseville and 
tracing out the special routes through experience 
and information locally derived. Certain provisions 
and conveniences, however, will be necessary before 
leaving civilization for the wilderness ; and these 
should be provided, after obtaining the special local 
advice, before leaving the towns on the shores of 
Lake Champlain.] 

Important stoppage, on the right, is made at 

Burlington, Vermont, one of the largest and 
most important towns in the State, with a Universi- 
ty, many fine buildings, manufactures, and a great 
concentration of railway, steamboat and stage-coach 
routes. At Burlington are also enjoyed, as from the 
Lake approaching it, fine views of the two highest 
peaks of the Green Mountains, ML Mansfield and 
Camel's Hump. Hotels, the American, &c. 

Landing is made from the steamer, 120 miles 
from Whitehall, at 

Rouse's Point, an unimportant place except for this 
transit, lying within the United States but on the 
very border of Canada. Thence railway, (branch of 
the Grand Trunk) by St. John to La Prairie, on the 
St. Lawrence, and ferry to Montreal. 

[The tourist, who, after visiting Saratoga lacks 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 101 

time for Lake George and Champlain on his way to 
Montreal and other Canadian cities, — leaving Sara- 
toga, by the Saratoga and Washington railroad, 
instead of stopping at Moreau Station, will continue 
by rail to 

Whitehall, at the southern end of Lake Champ- 
lain — a town of much importance in connection with 
the lumber trade and the extensive transportation 
through the Champlain Canal, commencing there, 
from the Lake to Albany. Thence continuing by 
rail, by Castleton ; by 

Rutland, thriving town of Vermont, with rail- 
way connections in all directions, pleasant location 
and fine mountain-and-valley scenery (well worthy 
of a short sojourn) ; by Middlebury, by Burlington 
(noticed in Champlain route) ; by 

St. Alban's, one of the handsomest towns in Ver- 
mont, lying near Champlain, with fine scenery, salu- 
brious air, many rich buildings, and an immense 
butter-and-cheese market ; thence by Rouse's Point 
and St. John's, to La Prairie and Montreal.] 

(Excellent hotel at St. Alban's, the Weldon House.) 

[The tourist who wishes to visit the White Moun- 
tains from this direction, with or without proceeding 
to Canada can do so by either of the three following 
routes, after having visited Saratoga and Lake 
George : 

(1) Proceeding to Burlington by boat on Lake 
Champlain, as before arranged, land there and take 
rail by Essex Junction and Wells River, to Mere- 



102 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

dith Village New Hampshire, on the shore of Lake 
Winnepisaukee, thence to Centre Harbor, on the 
Lake, whence rail and coach to Conway, for the 
White Eange. Or, (2) land at Burlington, proceed 
by rail io Wells River and thence to Littleton, for 
the Franconia Range. Or, (3) if proceeding from 
Saratoga direct by rail, go by Whitehall, Castleton 
and Rutlaud to White River Junction, whence 
option of either of the ranges, by proceeding to 
Meredith or Littleton, as before just-named.] 

[From Littleton to Montreal or Quebec, by the 
White Mountain road and the Grand Trunk, if 
desired, after visiting only the Franconia Range; or 
from Conway, after seeing the White Range, by 
Yarmouth Junction (Portland, at option), or 
crossing to Gorham by carriage and thence on by 
rail of the Grand Trunk, to either Montreal or 
Quebec*] 



ROUTE NO. 4.-E ASTERN. 

NEW YOKK TO BOSTON, BY NEW HAVEN, HARTFORD, 

AND SPRINGFIELD (RAIL) ; BY PROVIDENCE 

(RAIL) ; ,BY NEWPORT, NEW LONDON OR 

STONINGTON (SOUND-BOAT). 

Division A. 

BY RAIL, BY SPRINGFIELD. 

Leave New York by morning express of New 
Haven Railroad, by Williairfs Bridge (point of 
divergence of the New York and Harlem road), 
by several unimportant stations (with occasional and 
pleasant views of Long Island Sound, at the right), 
to Stamford, Darien and JVbrwalk (Connecticut), 
(the latter the scene of a serious accident, train run- 
ning into the River, at the Bridge, many years 
since) ; then by other unimportant stations, to 

Bridgeport, on Long Island Sound, large and im- 
portant manufacturing town, especially in the de- 
tail of Sewing Machines, of which two of the largest 
factories in the world, the Wheeler & Wilson, and 
Howe, are located here. Also, point of intersection 
of lines of railway leading to the manufacturing in- 
terior of Connecticut Housatonic and Naugatuck) ; 
and old residence of the celebrated showman, P. T. 
Barnum. Bridgeport to 



104 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

New Havek, also on Long Island Sound (lines 
of steamers to and from New York) ; one of the 
most import a nt towns of the East, and seat of Yale 
College, as well as noted for the shaded beauty of its 
•treets and the peculiar magnificence of its elm-tree 
avenues, the latter feature giving it the name of the 
"Elm City/' New Haven is well worthy of a so- 
journ for examination. The first point of interest 
is of course to be found in the College Buildings, of 
which there are some fifteen, with a remarkable 
air of antiquity, for America (the College founded in 
1700) ; the College Green, or Campus, with Chapel, 
and fine old Churches; the State House, an impos- 
ing edifice, of marble, recently completed ; the Fine 
Art Building and Trumbull Gallery, in the latter of 
which are the original fine historical pictures by 
Colonel Trumbull (Washington, etc.) ; the recently 
built City Hall, etc. Some interesting Monuments 
are to be found in the Grove Street Cemetery; among 
others those of Roger Sherman, founder of Rhode 
Island, Noah Webster, Pierrepont Edwards, the poet 
Hillhouse, etc. ; and in the Campus a lonely tomb, 
•with inscription, is that of the English regicide 
Goffe, who fled to America, with Whalley, and died 
here. Some interesting excursions are to be made 
from New Haven : to 

East Rock, a remarkable eminence at two or three 
miles distance, and a favorite resort — to Savin Rock, 
bathing place on the Sound ; and, more distant, to 
Wallingford and Hanging Hills. 



ROUTE NO. 1.— EASTERN. 105 

Prominent hotels at New Haven, the New Haven 
House, Tontine, Tremont, &c. 

Resuming rail, on the New Haven, Hartford and 
Springfield road, and now running northward, away 
from the Sound — passing Walllngford, Meriden 
(great Brittaniaware and other metallic manufactory) 
and other stations of less importance, is reached 

Hartford, on the Connecticut River, a large 
town with much beauty of location, large manufac- 
turing interests, and dividing with New Haven the 
seat of government of the State. (Reach >d by steam- 
ers from New York). It has an educational institu- 
tion of eminence, known as Trinity College ; the Con- 
necticut Historical Society; the Watkinson Libary, 
with rare books, pictures and statuary; Wadsworth 
Atheneum, etc. ; and among the handsome buildings 
of the town are the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, Retreat 
for the Insane, Hospital, etc. The Charter Oak 
(place of hiding of the old Connecticut Charter from 
a tyrannical Governor) long one of the boasts of 
Hartford, blew down in 1856 ; but the place where 
it stood is still shown by a slab. Among present 
curiosities are the late Col. CoWs Fire- Arms Manu- 
factory, the house occupied by the late Mrs. Sigour- 
ney, the poetess, etc. There are also many pictur- 
esque short excursions from Hartford, the most 
prominent among Ihern being those to Talcott 
Mountain, Wethersfidd. Prospect Hill, &c. Leading 
hotels, Allyn House and 'United States. 

Beyond Hartford, pasing Windsor, and Windsor 



106 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Lochs (water power and important manufactures), 
and other minor stations, is reached 

Sprikgfield, Massachusetts, also lying on the 
Connecticut River, one of the most important towns 
of the State, and peculiarly notable for its diversity 
of railway communication. [Connection, here, east- 
ward to Boston and westward to Albany, by the 
Boston and Albany road; southward to Hartford, 
New Haven and New York, by the New Haven, 
Hartford and Springfield ; northward to the White 
Mountains of New Hampshire, to Vermont and 
Canada, by the Connecticut River and other inter- 
secting roads j. A prominent source of prosperity as 
well as object of interest is the United States Arse- 
nal and Arms Manufactory, the largest in America, 
located here, furnishing extensive employment and 
supplying the celebrated " Springfield Rifle." (Writ- 
ten of by Mr. Longfellow, in one of his finest poems, 
" The Arsenal at Springfield.") It has also other 
and important manufactures — especially of carri- 
ages; handsome public grounds, in the Cemetery, 
Hampden Park, &c. ; and is cons : dered one of the 
most charming places of residence in the East. 
Prominent hotels, the Massasoit, Cooley's, &c. 
From Springfield, by Palmer, direct to 
Worcester, another of the large and important 
towns of Massachusetts, with extensive manufactures 
and even more numerous railway connections than 
Springfield. [Westward, by Boston and Albany road 
(Western) to Springfield and Albany, and Spring- 



ROUTE NO. 4.— EASTERN. 107 

fieldj New Haven and New York. Eastward, by 
Boston and Worcester, to Boston. Northward, by 
Worcester and Nashua, to the White Mountains and 
Canada. Southward, by Norwich and Worcester, to> 
New London, and Shore Line road and line of 
steamers to New York. South-eastward, by Wor- 
cester and Providence, to Providence, Newport, &c.} 
It has some fine public buildings, among which may 
be mentioned the State Lunatic Asylum, Mechanic? 
Hall, building of the American Antiquarian Society r 
&c, and divides with SpringQeld pre-t minence in the 
manufacture of railway and other carnages. Lead- 
ing hotel, the Bay State. 

From Worcester, by Grafton, Framingham, Na- 
tick (home of U. S. Senator Wilson) West Newton? 
J3righton*sm& other minor stations, direct to 

Boston. [See ahead — a At and about Boston."] 

Division H. 

BY KAIL, BY PROVIDENCE (SHORE LINE). 

Leave New York by 12.15 P. M. express of the 
New Haven Railroad. (May leave by night-express, 
but at sacrifice of scenery). Take tickets by "Shore 
Line," as distinguished from those by "Springfield;" 
and be sure that Shore Line carriage is taken To 
New Haven, as from Springfield route preceding. 

From New Haven, due east (New Haven, New 
London, and Stonington road) along or near the 
shore of the Sound, with closer and still finer views 



108 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

than those before reaching New Haven — by Guil- 
ford, Madison, Clinton &c., to 

Grossing of the Connecticut River, at Lyme. 
(Bridge, formerly ferry-boat, carrying part of the 
train, with through passengers). Then by S. Lyme 
and E. Lyme, Waterford, &c, to 

New London, at the mouth of the Thames River 
- — a sea-port of some importance, and formerly depot 
of one of the great whaling-fleets, before the late 
decay of that trade. [Line of large and fine steamers 
from and to New York, every evening: communi- 
cating by rail to and from Boston, by Norwich and 
Worcester.] Harbor considered one of the finest 
on the Atlantic coast, and defended by splendid for- 
tifications, Fort Trumbull being the principal, below 
the city and at the right, towards mouth of the 
"harbor. New London, an attractive place of resort 
and residence in many respects, has a peculiar and 
melancholy interest as having been long the business 
place of Benedict Arnold, the traitor, whose sign 
over one of the old shops is still pointed out. The 
principal public buildings, worth notice, are the 
Custom House, Court House, Female Academy, &c. 
At the mouth of the harbor the Pequot House is a 
yery attractive place of summer sea-side resort. 

From New London the Thames is crossed by ferry 
l)oat (part of train carried over, with through-passen- 
gers, and lunch on boat) to Groton, on the opposite 
bank —for some years the depot of another steam- 
boat line between New York und Boston, now 



RO UTE NO. 4— EASTERN. 109 

abandoned. Groton, by rail, still within frequent 
sight of the Sonnd, to Mystic, somewhat famous for 
wooden-ship building, and 

Stonington, Connecticut, Sound port of some im- 
portance, lying at the mouth of river of same name. 
[Line of large steamers to and from New York, 
every evening: communicating by rail to and from 
Boston, by Providence.] Stonington, by Westerly 
and other stations, including 

Wichford [railroad and steamboat communication 
direct to Newport, in connection with trains] ; and 

East Greenwich [steamboat direct to Newport,. 
in connection with trims] — to 

Providestce, capital of the State of Rhode Island,- 
and one of the principal towns of the Eastern States. 
It lies on Providence River, extending from Narra- 
gansett Bay ; has much beauty in location and enor- 
mous wealth in buildings and the appointments of 
residents ; manufactures very extensively, in engines, 
heavy machineriea, cottons, prints, jewelries, &c; 
and has nearly two hundred and fifty years of anti- 
quity since its foundation by Roger Williams, when 
driven from the colony of Massachusetts Bay on 
account of his religious opinions. It is the seat of 
JBrown University, a literary institution of the first 
eminence, with a large and valuable library; and is 
also noted for the number and excellence of its 
public schools. The two handsomest public build- 
ings in the town are the Rhode Island Hospital and 
the Custom House ; though there are very many 



110 SHOBT-TEIP GUIDE. 

fine edifices connected with the numerous public 
charities of the city, among which may be named 
the Reform School, the Dexter Asylum for the Poor, 
Butler Hospital for the Insane, Home for Aged Wo- 
men, &c. It has also several imposing churches, 
banks and other edifices ; and Swan Point Ceme- 
tery, Narragansett Park, and other public grounds 
deserve visit and notice. The Soldiers 1 and Sailors 7 
Monument, recently erected, is also worthy of notice. 
Leading hotels, the City Hotel, and Aldrich House. 

[Railway communication with Boston, by Boston 
and Providence road ; with Worcester, by Providence 
and Worcester; with Hartford, by Hartford, Provi- 
dence & Fishkill; wita Newport, by Providence and 
Newport; with New London, by Stoniugfcon and 
Providence, &c. ; with New York, by road just trav- 
ersed, and by lines of steamers from Fall Eiver and 
Newport, &c], 

\Pawtucket, near Providence, is the seat of heavy 
manufactures, and of the first cotton-mill ever built 
in America.] 

Providence, by Pawtucket, Attleboro, Mansfield, 
Eoxboro, Readville, &c, to 

Boston. 

Division G. 

BY BOAT, BY NEWPORT OR FALL RIVER. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., daily (except late au- 
tumn, winter, and early spring, when the hour is 4 
P. M. — see bills at hotels) by boats of the Narragan- 



ROUTE NO. 4— EASTERN. Ill 

sett Steamship Company, by Long Island Sound, for 
Newport or Fall River as may be preferred. This 
route, as well as the other Sound routes about to be 
named, affords not only a delightful sail, in the cus- 
tomary fine weather of summer, but conveys a better 
idea than can otherwise be attained, of the size and 
magnificence of the vessels employed in this transit. 
Leaving the pier and proceeding past the whole line 
of the city, then past the islands lying in the Sound 
or East Eiver, and up the Sound itself, — unequalled 
opportunities are enjoyed for observing the water- 
front of the city, the extent of the penal and bene- 
volent institutions on BlackwelVs Island, Randall's 
Island, Ward's Island, &c, the rocky dangers of 
Hell Gate, the attractive scenery of the river shores 
(Long Island on the right ; New York or Manhattan 
Island on the left) ; the extensive fortifications guard- 
ing that approach to the city, in Fort Schuyler, at 
Throg's Neck, etc. — daylight lasting, in the warm 
season, until all these points of interest are passed, 
and the remainder of the course up the Sound offer- 
ing few attractions other than those of a marine 
character. 

At an early hour in the morning is reached 
the end of the route by Sound, and place of debar- 
kation for those who wish to vist the watering place 
and afterwards proceed thence to Boston by rail, — 
in 

Newport, one of the largest and most important 
towns of Rhode Island, and one of the most cele- 



112 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

1} rated and fashionable of American sea-side resorts, 
for the past quarter of a century or longer.. It lies 
on Narragansett Bay, at near the entrance from Long 
Island Sound, and boasts a harbor of peculiar beamy 
as well as one of a depth of water almost unequalled. 
It has a fine bathing-beach, markedly safe, within 
short-riding-distance of the principal hotels; and at 
greater distance are to be found and visited the re- 
markable groups of rocks known as Paradise, Pur- 
gatory, the Hanging Rocks, etc. The Glen, the 
Spouting Horn, Lily Pond and the Dumpling Rocks, 
are also places of much picturesque interest to visit- 
ors and residents ; while at some ten miles distant, 
south-eastward, lie Seconnet Point and West Island, 
the latter supplying the very best sea-shore-fishing 
on the American coast. Fort Adams, at near the 
mouth of the harbor, is one of the largest and strong- 
est fortifications in the North ; and the ride to it> 
from the town, is one of the afternoon features of 
Newport life. Another peculiarity of Newport is the 
fine sailing in and about the harbor, securing the 
constant presence of yachts, and many regattas 
during the season, on a more or less extensive scale. 
And yet another is to be found in the wide extent of 
lawned and terraced bluff, overlooking the sea, where 
are located an immense number of summer-cottages 
of the wealthy, giving a higher tone to the prevalent 
hotel-life, even while moderating and to some degree 
lessening it. One marked object of interest is to be 
found at Newport — the Round Toioer, alternately 



ROUTE NO. 4— EASTERN. 11& 

called a, Norse remain and a wind-mill, bin around 
which Longfellow, adopting the former belief, wove 
his marvellously beautiful poem, the "Skeleton in 
Armor." There are also some patriotic- erections and 
antiquities of interest: among the structures the old 
State House, Commodore Perry's House, the Vernon 
Mansion, the First Baptist Church (1638), the Perry 
Monument, &c. ; and of minor antiquities, Franklin's 
Printing Press (now or late in the office of the 
Newport Mercury newspaper), the ancient Chair of 
State of the Colony, etc. Of modern buildings of 
merit, the number is considerable. Newport has the 
additional celebrity of having been the birth-place of 
Gilbert Stuart, the painter, Malbone, the miniature- 
painter, and Commodore Perry ; and Cooper flung 
round it a romantic interest as the opening scene 
of the "Red Rover." Leading Hotels: the Ocean 
House, Atlantic , United States, and Perry. 

[Above Newport, within convenient riding or sail- 
ing distance, lies the fine eminence of Mount Hope, 
with interesting reminiscences of the Indian King 
Philip, and splendid views over Narrag msett Bay, 
the city, harbor, &c] 

[Newport to Bostox, by rail, by Eall River and 
connection with the Old Colony road, or by Provi- 
dence.] 

If not wishing to stop at Newport, and still pro- 
ceeding to Boston, on some New York steamer 
from which debarkation has before been supposed, 



114 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the route will be pursued by remaining on boat until 
its next and final landing, at 

Fall River, a thriving manufacturing town on 
Taunton Kiver, eastern branch of Narragansett Ba}', 
within the Sta^e of Massachusetts though near 
the Ehode Island border. Peculiarly noted for 
works in machinery, in heavy irons, and in cottons 
and prints. [Communication with Newport and 
Providence by boat and rail.] Mount Hope, before 
alluded to, is in view from Fall River and may be 
most conveniently reached from this point; and the 
bridge connecting Rhode Island (island) and the 
main land is near, at Tiverton. 

Fall River to Boston, by rail of the Old Colony 
Road. 

Division D. 

BY BOAT, BY NEW LONDON", NORWICH & WORCESTER. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the 
Norwich and "Worcester Line, on the Sound, 
the route displaying precisely the same fea- 
tures as that before named, (except that the run by, 
sea is shorter and less exposed in rough weather, and 
that rail is taken at an earlier hour) to 

New London [see previous description.] 

New London, by rail on the Norwich and Wor- 
cester road, to 

Norwich, very old and handsome small town of 
Connecticut, picturesquely situated at the head of 
navigation of the river Thames, with its steep streets 



ROUTE NO. L— EASTERN. 115 

literally lying on terraces, but many manufactures, 
much commercial prosperity, and no small number 
of old buildings recalling the early historic days of 
the State. 

From Norwich, still by rail of the Norwich and 
Worcester road — by Plainfield [junction, for Provi- 
dence, Newport, &c], by Putnam, Webster, Worces- 
ter, &c, to Boston. 

Division E. 

BY BOAT, BY STONINGTON AND PROVIDENCE. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the Stoning- 
ton Steamboat Company, on the Sound, with same 
features as those of two previous routes, though less 
extensive in sea-voyage than that to, Newport, and 
longer than that to New London — to 

Stonington, Connecticut (before referred to in 
Shore-Line route by rail), at mouth of Stonington 
river, near the Sound, 

Stonington by Providence, by rail, with same 
features shown in that division of the Shore-Line 
rail route, to Boston. 

Division F. 

AT AND ABOUT BOSTON, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Boston, Capital of the State of Massachusetts, one 
of the largest, most influential and handsomest of 
the cities of America, and in many regards the most; 



116 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

remarkable of all — lies at the extreme western point 
of Massachusetts Bay, where that body of water is 
entered by the Charles River ; and most of the old 
city is erected on a peninsula of several hundred acres, 
extending up from Roxbury, at the south, and curved 
around by the wide mouth of the Charles River, 
which thus divides from it Cambridge on the west, 
Cliarlestown on the north, and Chelsea and East 
Boston on the east. All these form parts of the 
present city, however, by means of different bridges 
spanning the river mouth and edge of the harbor ; 
and the result is that Boston seems from some points 
of view to be almost as completely a " City of the 
Sea" as Venice. Northeast of it, at some miles dis- 
tance, the bold headland of Naliant runs southward 
from the mainland at Lynn, behind Chelsea point, 
adding to the picturesqueness of the whole harbor, 
as well as aiding the several islands (Castle Island, 
fortified by Fort Independence ; Governor's Island, 
Fort Winthrop ; George's Island, Fort Warren ; Deer 
Island, occupied by House of Industry and other 
public buildings ; and others, minor in size and im- 
portance) in sheltering it from the rough winds of 
the east. An additional feature of the old city, or 
" Boston Proper," is found in three eminences or 
slight hills on and among which it was originally 
built, giving it the name of the " Tri-Montane City," 
and originating the name of " Tremont " so inti- 
mately connected with it. On the highest of these 
stands the State House, the whole city appearing to 



ROUTE NO. 4.- EASTERN. 117 

slope up to it, and the view, on approach, being thus 
rendered peculiarly impressive. 

With reference to transit through and about Bos- 
ton, it may be said that many of the streets, especi- 
ally in the older portions of the town, are crooked 
and involved to a proverb, but that the street-car 
system is very extensive, complete and convenient, 
and tha<- carriage-hire, though high in comparison 
to European, is less exorbitant than in New York. 

Of Streets, the best worth noting are Beacon 
Street, at the top of the Common, the most fashion- 
able ; Tremont Street, at the bottom of the Common, 
blending of fashion aud business; Washington St., 
nearly parallel with the latter, southward, business 
centre ; State, Congress, and other streets in the 
neighborhood of the Old State House, financial, law, 
etc. Other and newer streets and avenues, lying on 
the Back Bay, west of the Public Garden, are now, 
however, rapidly becoming fashionable and notable 
in that particular. 

Of Public Grounds, Boston has two, within the 
city proper, of peculiar prominence : the Common, a 
triangular park of nearly fifty acres, sloping clown 
from the State House, handsomely shaded, with a 
Pond or Lake, and in an enclosure near the middle, 
the celebrated Old Elm called the " Liberty Tree ; " 
and the Public Garden, adjoining the Common on 
the West, with a handsome Lake, bridges, floral 
walks, and a fine statue of Washington, by Ball. 

Of Antiquities, principally connected with the 



118 SHORT- TRIP G UIDE. 

War of the Revolution, Boston has many of interest: 
Faneuil Hall, Faneuil Hall Square, otherwise known 
as the "Cradle of Liberty," where ear]y meetings of 
patriots were held (still used fur meeting purposes, 
and containing some national portraits) ; the Old 
State House, State Street ; Brattle Street Church, 
Brattle Street (with one of the round shot of the 
Charlestown bombardment still embedded in the front 
wall;) Old South Church, corner of Washington and 
Milk Streets ; Ordway Mall, Province House Court, 
once the residence of the Colonial Governors ; Liberty 
Tree, Boston Common; and many others of minor 
consequence. 

Of Public Buildings, deserving attention, are the 
State House (Capitol), Beacon Street, with interest- 
ing military and other memorials, legislative cham. 
bers, etc., within, and splendid and extensive view 
from the roof; Custom House, foot of State Street ; 
Exchange, State Street (Post Office below) ; Court 
House, Court Square ; City Hall, School Street (colos- 
sal statue of Franklin, in front) ; Massachusetts 
General Hospital, Allen Street; City Hospital, Harri- 
son Avenue ; Quincy Market, adjoining Faneuil Hall ; 
Boston Public Library, Boylston Street; Masonic 
Temple, corner Tremont and Boylston Streets, etc. 
Other erections of interest, the Boston Water Works 
(Reservoir), Derne Street; the Bridges, connecting 
the various suburbs with the city proper; the Wliarves 
(Long, India, Central, Commercial, etc.), several of 
them of great extent and the system the best on the 
Continent. 



ROUTE NO. 4.— EASTERN. 119 

Of Monuments, of course, the first place is taken 
by the Bunker Hill Monument, on Biped's Hill, site 
of the Revolutionary battle of the first name. It is 
a plain obelisk of granite, of great height, ascended 
from within, and from the top commanding a most 
extensive and magnificent view. Near it stands the 
Warren Statue, in honor of Dr. Joseph Warren, who 
fell in the battle. In State House, statue of Wash- 
ington, by Chantrey ; and in front of same building, 
bronze statues of Daniel Webster and Horace Mann 
(great Massachusetts organizer of education). In 
front of City Hall, colossal Franklin, before noticed. 
In Public Garden, equestrian Washington, by Thos. 
Ball, also before notic< d. 

Churches of prominence : St. Paul's (Episcopal), 
Tremont Street ; Christ Church (date 1722), Salem 
Street ; Old South (date 1730), Washington and 
Milk Streets; Brattle Street (Unitarian— date 1773), 
Brattle Street ; King^s Chapel (Unitarian — date 1750), 
Tremont and School Streets; Park Street (Congre- 
gational, with finest spire in the city), Park Street, 
facing Tremont; Central (Congregational: consid- 
ered the handsomest in the City), Berkeley and New- 
bury Streets ; Trinity (Episcopal — date 1735), Sum- 
mer and Hawley Streets; Tremont Temple (general 
devotional) Tremont. Srreet ; Immaculate Conception 
(Roman Catholic), Harrison Avenue, &c, &c. 

In Libraries and Literary Institutions Boston is 
peculiarly rich, the intellectual and educational 
status of the City being especially enviable. Among 



^20 SHORT- TRIP G UIDE 

the more notable libraries may be mentioned the 
Boston Public Library ; the Athenceum, (with gal- 
lery of paintings and sculpture); the Mercantile; 
American Academy of Arts and Sciences; Natural 
History Society ; Massachusetts Historical Society ; 
State, Law, General Theological, and others. 

Commercial Buildings of much merit in architec- 
ture abound in Boston — notably on the streets near 
to the harbor, at the east side — on Franklin, Com- 
mercial, Devonshire, Winthrop, and other trade 
streets, and in the neighborhood of Long, Central 
and India wharves. They are principally of ham- 
mered granite, very solid and impressive, and con- 
vey a reminder of Liverpool and other commercial 
cities of the Old World, different Irom that of any 
other American city. 

Principal Theatres, etc. the Boston Theatre (opera- 
house, at intervals), Washington Street; Globe 
Theatre (late Selwyn's), Washington Street ; Boston 
Museum, Tremont Street ; Howard Athenceum, How- 
ard Street ; Music Hall, Winter Street, near Tre- 
mont (with organ of immense size and power, se- 
cond in the world), etc. Prominent Hotel Build- 
ings (also Hotels): the iwenraw, Hanover Street; 
Parker, School Street; St James, Newton Street; 
United States, Beach Street; Tremont, Tnmont 
-Street ; Revere, Bowdoin Square, etc. 

Excursions from the City, on foot, by ho se-car r 
or carriage, include those to Harvard University, 
.Cambridge, \vi h 15 buildings, an Ahatomic.il Mu- 



ROUTE NO. 4— EASTERN. 121 

seum, an Observatory, and the first educational rank 
in the Western World ; to the Washington Head 
Quarters (now residence of Professor Longfellow, the 
poet,) also at Cambridge, with Tree, under which 
Washington took command of the American forces ; 
to Mount Auburn Cemetery, four miles from the city,. 
with Tower, commanding excellent view; Chapel,, 
containing stained windows, busts of Adams, Win- 
throp, Story, &c. ; and Spurzheim, Bowditch, and 
other handsome and attractive monuments in the 
grounds ; to Forest Hill and Mount Hope Cemete- 
ries, Roxbury; to Woodlaiun Cemetery, near Chelsea; 
to Cochituate Lake, whence the water-supply for Bos- 
ton is drawn: to Wenham Lake, wher ce is derived 
most of the American ice-supply for Europe ; to> 
Fresh Pond, a place of summer resort near Mount 
Auburn, etc. Those by boat or carriage will include 
Nahant, bold headland on the east of the harbor r 
once a fashionable watering-place, and always cool,, 
attractive and pleasant ; Lynn, near Nahant, famous 
as the head of the shoe-manufacture of the world ; 
Clielsea Beach, Sivampscott and Phillips 9 Beach r 
, northward of Nahant ; Nantasket Beach, south side 
of the harbor, etc. 

From Boston, also, may be conveniently reached 
[by Boston and Lowell railroad], 

Lowell, large and thriving town on the Merri- 
mac River, at its junction with the Concord. It is 
the largest of the American manufacturing towns,, 
and considered the Manchester of the Western. 



122 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

World, not less than 50 to 60 large mills being em- 
ployed in the manufacture of cottons, prints, woollens, 
•etc., and the operative labor reaching to the number 
of from 14,000 to 15,000, a large majority females, of 
rare intelligence for their class. The Paiutticlcet 
Falls, near the city, furnish the water-power for all 
the Mills, many of which, with the Falls themselves 
and some of the principal buildings and public 
•grounds of the town, are worth examination. Lead- 
ing Hotels: the Merrimac, Washington, and Ameri- 
can. [Rail connection to Groton for all points 
westward; to Nashua, for points northward; to 
Lawrence, eastward, etc.J 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
south-eastward, [Old Colony road], 

Plymouth (" Plymouth Rock"), place of landing 
of the Pilgrim Fathers, with Pilgrims^ Hall and 
many interesting relics of the early settlement ; and 

New Bedford, on Vineyard Sound, at the head 
of what remains of the whaling business, and a sea- 
port of picturesque location and prominence; or [by 
.•same and Cape Cod railroad], 

Cape Cod, Yarmouth, Hyannis, and all that wild 
and desolate but interesting section of the Atlantic 
ooast. 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
(by Eastern railway, by Somerville, South Maiden, 
Chelsea, Lynn and Swampscott), 

Salem, very old town and port on the coast, with 
& certain celebrity on account of the witch-burnings 



ROUTE NO. 4.- EASTERN. 123 

and other events of Colonial times, and very pictur- 
esque in location and many of its buildings ; but 
much more notable, now, as at one time the residence 
of Nathaniel Hawthorne and scene of his " House of 
the Seven Gables" and other stories. Also (by 
Fitchburg Kailway), 

Concord, on the Concord braDch of the Merrimac 
River, noted for beauty of scenery in the neighbor- 
hood, and in connection with the literary labors of 
Henry D. Thoreau, Hawthorne, and others. 



ROUTE NO. 5 -EASTERN. 

BOSTON TO PORTLAND, QUEBEC AND MONTREAL, BY 
BOSTON AND MAINE AND GRAND TRUNK ROADS. 

Division A. 

BOSTON TO AND AT PORTLAND. 

Leave Boston by rail on the Boston and Maine 
railroad, by Medford, Melrose, South Beading Junc- 
tion [connection for North Danvers, Georgetown 
and Newburyporf]* Reading, Wilmington Junction 
[connection for Lowell], and minor stations, to 

Lawrence, large manufacturing town of the State 
of Massachusetts, with heavy specialty of cotton and 
prints, lying on the Merrimac River, whence, by 
means of a dam, the important water-power is de- 
rived. Some of the mills are of immense size and 
capacity, employing operators to the number of thou- 
sands. Has a Common, a City Hall, and other build- 
ings worth notice ; and an Operative Library form- 
ing a special feature. [Railway connection with 
Lowell, and thence with Nashua and the North, 
with Boston and the South, &c. ; also Northwest 
with Manchester, Concord, &c] 

Lawrence by N. Andover, Bradford [connection 
for Georgetown and Neruburyport], Haverhill (with 
fine long Bridge ovtrthe Merrimac to Bradford, and 



ROUTE NO. 5.— EASTERN. 125 

some educational institutions of prominence), Atkin- 
son, Newton, &c, to 

Exeter, New Hampshire, lying on Exeter River, 
and a place of importance in coasting commarce and 
manufactures; thence by S. Newmarket to 

Newmarket Junction [connection west to Concord 
and the Eranconia Range of the White Mountains; 
and east to 

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on the Piscataqua 
River, second city of the State in importance, with 
a large and very fine harbor ; a United States Navy 
Yard ; and a connection, by bridge, with Kittery, 
Maine, also an important naval station. From 
Portsmouth can be reached Rye Beach and Hampton 
Beach, attractive bathing-places on the New Hamp- 
shire coast, and the Isles of Shoals, off the coast, 
celebrated fishing and summer resorts.] 

Pursuing the main line, Newmarket Junction, by 
Newmarket, Durham, &c. (within sight of the broad 
Piscataqua) to 

Dover, New Hampshire, thriving town on the 
Piscataqua. [Connection, west, for Alton Bay, Lake 
Winnepesaukie, and the White Mountains.] 

Dover, by Salmon Falls [connection for Great 
Falls, Rochester, and to Alton Bay, &c] ; by South 
Berwick Junction [connection eastward for Kittery 
and Portsmoicth] j by Wells, Kennebunk, Biddeford, 
Saco (large manufacturing village on the Saco River, 
with extensive water-power and very handsome 
Laurel Hill Cemetery, West Scarboro, Cape Eliza- 
beth, and minor stations, to 



126 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Portland, commercial metropolis of the State of 
Maine, and one of the most important cities of the 
East, lying on a peninsula at the Southwest of Casco 
Bay, with a very handsome and convenient location 
and one of the deepest and best harbors on the At- 
lantic coast. The harbor has many fine islands, and 
is defended by Fort Preble and other extensive forti- 
cations. A great fire, in 1866, destroyed a large por- 
tion of the city, but the marks are now only visible 
in the increased beautj of the well-laid-out and 
handsomely-shaded city. From the Observatory. 
overlooking the harbor, fine views can be caught 
over the sea and coast, and over the distant country, 
West to the White Mountains. The most extensive 
thoroughfare is Congress street, which runs the whole 
distance of the peninsula. Among the most notable 
buildings are the City Hall, Court House, Marine 
Hospital, and some of the churches, manufacturing 
and commercial structures. The Atheneum and 
Mercantile Library have fine libraries; and the 
Natural History Society possesses an excellent cabi- 
net of varied character. Excursions from Portland 
include the Islands in the Bay ; Cape Elizabeth, a 
favorite bathing and fishing resort on south side of 
the Bay; Sebago Pond', and many of minor interest. 
Prominent Hotels at Portland : the United States, 
Preble, Falmouth, American, etc. 

[The Allan Lines of steamships between Liver- 
pool and Glasgow, and Halifax, Quebec and Mon- 
treal, make Portland an important depot at all sea- 



ROUTE NO. 5.— EASTERN. 12T 

sons and the port and end of sea-route in the winter 
season.] 

[Eailway connection from Portland southward,, 
by route just traversed ; to Montreal and Quebec, by 
Grand Trunk (see route following) ; to August a y 
Bangor ; Moosehead Lake, &c, by the Maine Central ; 
to Lake Winnepesaukie and the White Mountains,, 
by the North New Hampshire, &c] 

Division B. 

PORTLAND TO QUEBEC OR MONTREAL. 

Leave Portland by rail on the Grand Trunk Rail- 
way, by minor stations to Yarmouth Junction [con- 
nection for Augusta, capital of the State of Maine,, 
lying on the Kennebec River ; for Bangor, important 
town on the Penobscot River ; and for towns and 
sections farther east] ; to Danville Junction [connec- 
tion for Bangor, for Skoivhegan and Moosehead 
Lafce]; by minor stations to Gorham, at the north- 
ern edge of the White Mountains [important inter- 
section, by stage-coaches, to and from the mountain 
towns and resorts; and views of the mountains, in 
fine weather, peculiarly striking, from all this section 
of the road]; to Island Pond [connection, south- 
westward, with the Connecticut and Passu mpsic 
River Railway, from Vermont and Franconia Notch 
sections J; to Stanstead [carriage communication 
with Lake Memphremagog] ; to Sherbrooh [another 
connection with the Connecticut and Passumpsic 



128 SEOBT-TBIP GUIDE 

River line] ; to Richmond [point of divergence of the 
branches of the Grand Trunk road, to Montreal and 
Quebec] 

Pursuing the route to Montreal : Richmond by 
St. Hyacinthe, St. Brune, St. Hilaire, and other un- 
important stations, to St. Lambert, on the St. Law- 
rence River, whence ferry to Montreal. 

Pursuing the route to Quebec: Richmond by 
Danville, Arthabasca [connection, by Bulstrode, to 
Doucet's Landing, on St. Lawrence River, at lower 
end of Lake St. Peter; thence by ferry to Three 
Rivers, Canada] ; by Becancour, Black River, and 
minor stations, to Chaudiere Junction [connection 
for Riviere du Loup and Lower St. Lawrence] ; to 
Point Levi, on the St. Lawrence, whence ferry to 
Quebec. 

[For notes of Montreal and Quebec, see Canadian 
routes.] 



ROUTE NO. 6 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

BOSTON" TO LAKE WINNIPESAtTKLE, THE WHITE 
MOUNTAINS AND POETLAND (OPTION OF CANA- 
DIAN CITIES) — BY BOSTON AND MAINE RAIL- 
ED AD, i&C. 

Leave Boston by Boston and Maine railroad, as by 
route to Portland, &c. As by that route, to 

Dover, New Hampshire. Thence Dover and Win- 
nipesaukie road, by Gonic, Rochester [junction with 
road from Salmon Falls by Great Falls, and its ex- 
tension northward to Unionville] Farmington, 
Davis', New Durham and Alton, to 

Alton Bay, at the extreme southern point of Lake 
Winnipesauhie—]Aiic\&2bi\t residence, with fine views 
of the Lake and mountains northward, but deriving 
its principal importance from the railway and 
steamer transit through it. From Alton Bay a visit 
should be paid, if time allows, before proceeding 
northward, by " Lady of the Lake " or other staunch 
little steamers on the Lake, to 

Wolfbobo', on the eastern side of the Lake, a 
charming summer resort, with fiue views, excellent 
sailing and fishing, and much attraction and popu- 
larity as a residence. Hotel : the Pavilion. [Stage- 
coach may be taken at Wolfboro', for proceeding 
northward to Conway, without visiting Centre Har- 



130 tiHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bor ; but this course is scarcely advisable on a first 
visit.] Wolfboro', again by steamboat, through 
charming lake- scenery, to 

Centre Harbor, larger village on the northern 
shore of the Lake^ the location of which is considered 
unequalled by many tourists, as the Lake itself, 
with its exquisite combination of island groups and 
wooded shore, with bold mountains forming a back- 
ground in all northerly directions, is one of the 
very finest in America and with few superiors 
elsewhere. Leading Hotel : the Senter House, 
Among the finest points of mountain view, from 
Centre Harbor and elsewhere on the Lake, may be 
named Mounts Sahnonbrook, Whiteface, Ossipee, 
Major, CMcorua, Bed Mountain (ascent by carriage 
and on horseback), Kearsarge and Monadnock. 
Many and charming excursions are made from the 
village, on the lakes, to the mountains and elsewhere; 
and among the most notable is that to Squam 
Lake, lying a few miles west of Winnipesaukie 
very romantic in scenery, and supplying rare trout 
and other fishing. 

At Centre Harbor stage-coach is taken, for re- 
mainder of the route northward to the White Moun- 
tains. This affords one of the most magnificent 
rides attainable in the world, especially if fine 
weather allows outside seats on the coach to be 
used. The road leads up the Saco Kiver, along the 
charming Conway Valley, with views of the Lake 
district lingering behind, and others of the great 



BO UTE NO. 6.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN 131 

mountain section continually changing ahead, and 
with Mount Washington, the monarch of the east- 
ern range, ofcen in sight. This ride terminates at 

North Conway, a picturesque village lying in the 
valley, from which the views of the White Range are 
something, in comparison, like those of Mt. Blanc 
from Chamounix, while the number of easy excur- 
sions to celebrated points is almost unequalled. It 
is here that many of the artists' summer sketches, 
especially of Kearsarge and Chicorua and the higher 
peaks of the White Mountains, all in full view, are 
made ; while the Ledges (grand perpendicular cliffs, 
nearly one thousand feet in height) Artists' BrooJc, 
the Cathedral, Diana's Bath, &c, are within conve- 
nient reach. Prominent Hotels : the Kearsarge, 
Washington, McMillan, Cliff, etc. 

North Conway, by stage-coach or carriage, through 
PinMam Notch, sui rounded by the lesser giants of 
the White Range, to the 

Glen House, with much fine scenery in the neigh- 
borhood, but especially notable as being the nearest 
of any of the mountain resorts to the great peaks of 
the White Range, and giving the rarest views of 
them — as well as the point from which the ascent of 
Mount Washington is made, by rail. Among the 
23oints of interest to be visited from the Glen, are 
Thompson's and Glen Ellis Falls, the former on the 
Peabody River, some two miles from the hotel, 
and the latter on the Ellis, about four miles ; the 
■Crystal Cascade, near Glen Ellis; Garnet and 



132 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Emerald Pools, with peculiar colors indicated by 
their names, &c. But the speciality of the Glen 
House, as before noted, is the 

Ascent of Mount Washington, by railway. The 
features of this ascent need no description, especially 
to those who have made Alpine crossings by rail. 
It is considered eminently safe, has little fatigue in- 
volved, and certainly supplies all the elements of the 
picturesque and the exciting. Stout clothing is ad- 
visable, if not always necessary. This ascent being 
made in the morning, the top of the giant will be 
reached at the most favorable hour, and the wonder- 
ful view from the summit enjoyed, if the capricious 
weather allows that great privilege. This view is 
quite equal to that from the Ehigi or Pilatus, over 
Switzerland, though perhaps lacking the variety in 
scenery. To the west, in bright weather, are seen 
the higher peaks of the Green Mountains of Ver- 
mont ; southwest, some of the White and many of 
the Franconia Eange — especially Lafayette; north 
and north-east, the other great peaks of the White 
Range, and more distant the mountains of Canada ; 
east the sea, beyond Portland ; southeast and south 
those surrounding Lake Winnipesaukie, and that 
Lake itself; while various rivers, small lakes, towns 
and hamlets combine to make up a picture of mar- 
vellous extent and beauty. Dinner is provided at 
the Tip-Top House, on the summit, where during 
the last seasons scientists have resided all winter, to 
make observations. 



RO UTE NO. 6.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 133 

Horses (kept in waiting) and guides should be 
taken at the summit, and the descent made in the 
other direction, crossing Mts. Franklin, Monroe and 
Pleasant ; and the three wondrous gulfs, the Gulf 
of Mexico, Tuckermarfs Ravine, and Oakes' Gulf 
(some or all of them containing deep snow in 
midsummer) will be pointed out by the guides. 
At the end of nine miles' descent will be reached 
the 

Crawford House, lying in what is now called 
the Willey Notch, and nearly at the foot of ML 
Crawford, while Mt. Webster and other giants of the 
range show grandly northward. The most marked 
feature in the neighborhood of the Crawford, is 
the 

Willey House, standing at a short distance up the 
Notch, where in 1826 a landslide from the mountain 
above destroyed the family of the same name, and 
their residence — of which catastrophe many relics 
are yet pointed out and a few of them still offered 
for sale. From the Crawford may also be made 
the 

Ascent of Mt. Willard, practicable either by car- 
riage or on foot, and affording a most magnificent 
series of views from near the summit ; as also visit 
to the Devil" s Den, a cave of peculiar wildness and 
some danger of access. Also may be visited, from the 
Crawford, Gibbs' Falls, a ea-cade of much beauty, 
reached by short walk from the house. 

From the Crawford House, by stage-coach or car- 



134 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

riage, by the White Mountain House, Falls of the 
Ammonoosuc, and Bethlehem, to the 

Pkofile House, in the Franconia Notch. 

[For notes on the Profile House and neighbor- 
hood, see termination of route: "lew York to the 
White Mountains, by New London, &c." — Route 
No. 7.] 

[The tourist who has made his arrival at the 
Franconia Notch by the just complet< d route from 
Boston, and who yet wishes to return southward 
-without proceeding to either Quebec or Montreal, 
should pursue one of the following named routes' in 
return, for the sake of variety in direction and 
scenery. 1st. From Littleton (stage-coach from the 
Profile House), by rail by Wells River, Plymouth,. 
Weir's Landing, Concord, Worcester and New Lon- 
don, and steamboat of Norwich and Worcester line 
from New London to New York. (See route No. 
7: "New York to the White Mountains," revering.) 
Or, 2d. From Littleton to Wells River, and con- 
tinue by rail by White River Junction, Bellows 
Falls, Springfield, Hartford and New Haven to New 
York. Or, 3d. From Littleton to Wells River, 
thence on by rail by White River Junction, Rutland, 
Troy or Albany ; and down the Hudson River by 
boat or rail to New York. Or, 4th. From Littleton 
to Wells River, to Burling' on, boat on Lake Cham- 
plain to Ticonderoga (for Lake George) or White- 
hall, Saratoga, Albany or Troy, and one of the two 
last-named routes to New York.] 



ROUTE NO. 6.- NORTHERN AND EASTERN 135 

[To go northward from Littleton to Montreal or 
Quebec . In either case to White River Junction ; 
thence, for Montreal, by Burlington and Roused 
Point to La Prairie ; for Quebec, by Lennoxville and 
Artbabasca for Point Levi.] 



? 



ROUTE NO. 7 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

NEW YORK TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS AND CANADA, 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 

LAKE WINNIPESAUKIE, ETC. ; OR BY NEW 

LONDON AND NORTHERN ROAD. 

Division A. 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 
MERRIMAC AND WINNIPESAUKIE ROUTE. 

Leave New York at 5 P. M., on Sound, by Nor- 
wich and Worcester boat, as by corresponding line 
for Boston. (See Boston route : " By boat by New 
London, &c") As by that route, to New London, 
Norwich, and to 

Worcester, p )int of separation of the trains east- 
ward for Boston and northward for the Mountains. 
Worcester to 

Groton Junction [connections eastward for Con- 
cord and Boston ; also eastward for Lowell and 
Lawrence; also westward for the Hoosic Tunnel 
(immense work of engineering, on the Mt. Oenis 
plan, not yet completed), for Albany, Troy, &c] 
Very soon after leaving Groton Junction comes into 
view the Merrimac River, with the striking and pic- 
turesque scenery of the 

Valley of the Merrimac, considered among the 



RO UTE NO. 7.— NORTHERN A ND EASTERN. 137 

finest rivers in New England, and thenceforward ac- 
companying the traveler almost to the foot of the 
mountains. Next important point is 

M vnchester, New Hampshire, large and thriving 
manufacturing village, on the Merrimac, the mills 
and some other factories worthy of attention from 
those whose leisure permits stoppage, but showing 
oven more than ordinary interest in manufacturing 
detail, even from the train. Hotel: the Manchester 
House. Manchester, still along the Merrimac, to 

Coxcord, capital of the State of New Hampshire, 
lying on the same river, and pi esenting many points 
of attraction for visitor residence. It has handsome 
public grounds; notable public buildings, in the 
State House (recently r- -built), the State Lunatic 
Asylum, State Prison, and some of the municipal 
and other erections; and Main street, the principal 
thoroughfare, is remarkably long, fine and well 
kept. It has great granite quarries in the neighbor- 
hood, a considerable amount of manufactures and 
much general prosperity. Leading Hotel : the Eagle 
House. [Connection by rail, eastward to Dover, 
Portsmouth, &c. ; westward to the Connecticut 
Valley routes northward and southward, &c] Con- 
cord (with distant but very fine views of the Win- 
nipesaukie and White Mountains commencing, and 
thence continuing, with infinite variations, to the 
end of the route), by Sanbornton and other stations 
to 

Weir's Landing, at the western edge of Lake 



138 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Winnipesaukie, with very fine views over the Lake 
and its many islands. [Connection, by boat on the 
Lake, for Centre Harbor or Wolfboro', and thence by 
stage-coach for Conway and the White Eange.] 
Weir's Landing, by Meredith, &c, to 

Plymouth, at the foot of the mountains, with 
splendid views southward and many attractions as a 
place of sojourn. Hotel : the Pemigaio asset. (Lei- 
surely pause, for dinner). 

[At Plymouth stage-coach or private carriage 
may be taken, for the splendid drive of twenty-five 
to thirty miles, np through the Valley of the Pemi- 
gawasset, to the Profile House — during which a se- 
ries of views will be enjoyed, approaching the moun- 
tains, not often equalled in any land.] 

From Plymouth, by rail, literally among the moun- 
tains, and among glorious scenery, to 

Wells River [connection westward for Montpelier 
(capital of the State of Vermont) and Northern 
Vermont; southward for White River Junction. 
Route may also be pursued northward, either before 
or after visiting the Franconia Notch, to Neivport 
and the beautiful Lake Memphremagog, lying on 
the border between Vermont and Canada, and offer- 
ing fine views, picturesque scenery, excellent fishing, 
and many other attractions. Or, the same route 
may be pursued, to Newport, thence on by way of 
Richmond, &c, to Quebec, or bending westward 
from Richmond, to Montreal.] 

Wells River, through even grander scenery than 
that from Plymouth, to 



ROUTE NO. 7— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 139 

Littleton, small village at the entrance of the Fran- 
conia Notch, whence stage-coach is taken, for the 
ride through the Notch, with many of the best 
features of American mountain scenery, to the 

Pkofile House. [For notes on the Profile House 
and neighborhood, see immediately following.] 

Division B. 

BY NEW LONDON AND THE NEW LONDON NORTH- 
ERN ROUTE. 

New York by Norwich and Worcester boat on the 
Sound, 5 P. M., as by route just concluded, to 

New London. (Later rest is secured, by this 
route, than by that by Worcester and Winnipesau- 
kie, from the non-necessity of taking the train until 
5 A. M.) From New London by rail, by Norwich? 
through a very pleasant and prosperous part of the 
Sta f e of Connecticut, and past villages embodying- 
large manufacturing interests ; by Willimantic (man- 
ufacturing village, with railway connections west* 
ward to the Hartford, Provideoce and Fishkill road) ; 
by Tolland, Stafford, Monson, &c, to Palmer [con- 
nections eastward to Worcester and Boston, west- 
ward to Springfield, for either Hartford, New Haven 
and New York, or Pittsfield, Albany and Troy]. 
Palmer to Amherst, where the peculiarly splendid 
scenery of the line, embodying the bold character- 
istics of the Green Mountain region of Vermont, 
may be said properly to begin, continuing thence all 
the way to Whi'e River Junction. Amherst to 



140 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Groutfs Corners, important station. [Connections, 
eastward to Fitchburg, Groton and Boston; west- 
ward to Greenfield, North Adams, &c, and to 
Albany and Troy.] Grout's Corners, by South 
Vernon, to 

Brattleboro, Vermont, thriving town on the 
Connecticut Eiver, with some manufactures, a spe- 
cialty of being markedly healthy as a residence, and 
a State Lunatic Asylum bearing a very high reputa- 
tian. Brattleboro to 

Bellows Falls, also on the Connecticut Kiver, de- 
riving its singular name from an ancient peculiarity 
of the river in the neighborhood. [Connections 
iiorthwest to Rutland, Burlington, Lake Champlain, 
&c; and southeast to Keene, Groton, Boston, &c] 
Bellows Falls by Claremont and Windsor, to 

Wliite River Junction, at the intersection of the 
White Eiver with the Connecticut, important place 
of transfer in cross-travel. [Connections, west to 
Hutland, Whitehall, Saratoga, &c. ; northwest to 
Montpelier, Burlington, Rouse's Point and Canada ; 
•east to Concord, Salem, Boston, &c] White Eiver 
.Junction to 

Wells River. [Northern connections to Newport, 
Lake Memphremagog, Quebec or Montreal, as in last 
previous route.] 

Wells Eiver to Littleton ; thence by stage-coach 
as before noted, to the 

Profile House. 



RO UTE NO. 7.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 141 

Division C. 

AT AND ABOUT THE PKOFILE HOUSE (FEANCONIA 

NOTCH). 

Probably no section of mountain scenery in 
America, of like extent, presents so many points of 
interest and beauty as appear in the Franconia 
Notch, though in the detail of absolute grandeur it 
can by no means claim the same distinction- 
Taking the Profile House as the central point, the 
principal objects may be found grouped around it 
within very brief distance, as follows : 

Echo Lake, lying within a few hundreds of yards,. 
einbosomtd in fine woods, under the brow of Eagle 
Cliff, affording fine views of Mt. Lafayette, charm- 
ing boating, and a repetition of echoes (from the 
Cliff), scarcely second to those of the Eagle's Nest 
at Killarney. The 

Cannon Mountain, at the base of which the Pro- 
file House stands, and ascended from it, with mod- 
erate difficulty, a magnificent view being the re- 
ward. On the top of the mountain, at near the brow 
overhanging the valley, some rocks, singularly dis- 
posed, suggest the shape of a Cannon, mounted on 
its carriage, whence the name; and the extreme 
brow of the mountain itself forms, in a peculiar com- 
bination of great rocks, the 

Old Man of the Mountain, colossal face, sixty feet 
in height from chin to brow, hanging over the im- 
mense gulf, and perfect in every detail of a majestic 



142 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

human face, as seen from the road at some distance 
below the Profile (which of course takes its name 
from that view). Below this, which is undoubtedly 
the most striking single curiosity of all the range, 
lies the little Profile Lake, sometimes called the 
"Old Man's Bath," or " Washbowl," or "Mirror," 
affording a wonderful reflection of the stony face in 
oalm weather, and said to be full of fine trout. A 
mile below the Profile is to be reached (ride or 
walk), the Basin, pool of remarkable shape and 
character, and Old Man's Foot, lying in it in colos- 
sal stone. Thence, five miles further, the Flume 
House, summer resort, now disused ; and near it 

The Flume, only second to the Old Man of the 
Mountain as a great natural curiosity, being an im- 
mense fissure or split in the solid rock of the moun- 
tain, varying from 10 to 20 feet in width, and the 
walls from 20 up to 100 feet in height, with a small 
rapid stream brawling over rough stones below, and 
a boarded walk up the gorge. At one point, a huge 
oval stone, of many tons in weight, hangs by the 
two points midway up the chasm ; and at another 
a dangerous bridge has been thrown over, at the 
top, by the falling of a tree. At no great distance 
from the Flume lies 

The Pool, a literal hole in the rock, of great depth 
and singularity of appearance, reached by a difficult 
climb down the bank, and formerly the abode of a 
strange madman named Merrill, who paddled visi 
tors round it in a crazy boat, declared it the "centre 



RO UTE NO. 7.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 143 

of the earth," and exhibited a letter to him from 
Queen Victoria, dated at the Kitchen of Bucking- 
ham Palace! 

From the front of the Flume House and neigh- 
borhood is to be seen a natural wonder of great 
prominence, the 

Dead Washington, being the profile face and form 
of that hero, in a recumbent position and as if 
shrouded, lying at a length of miles, the shape sup- 
plied by the shapes and position of several moun- 
tains of the Haystack group. May also be seen, be- 
tween the Profile and the Flume, at some distance 
from the road, Walker's Falls, a fine cascade ; and 
two miles below the Flume, Georgiana Falls, the 
largest in the range. 

Of Ascents from the Profile, besides that of the 
Cannon, the principal are those of 

Mount Lafayette, the highest peak of the Franco- 
nia Range, and commanding a fine view, with only 
a limited amount of toil (horseback or foot) — and 
Bald Mountain, a lower elevation, but still with fine 
view (carriage). 

[From the Profile House to Crawford House, 
(carriage) for the White Eange and ascent of Mount 
Washington from that direction, with descent by 
rail to the Glen House ; or to Littleton^ Wells Eiver 
and White Eiver Junction, for pursuance of the 
route to Canada.] 



ROUTE 8 -NEAR WESTERN. 

NEW YORK, BY RAIL, BY THE NEW JERSEY CITIES, 
TO AND AT PHILADELPHIA. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY THE NEW JER- 
SEY RAILROAD. 

Leave New York by the New Jersey Railroad, 
by ferry from foot of Oortlandt street; cross the 
Hudson river, to 

Jersey City, a large and thriving town, lying in 
the State of New Jersey, but really a suburb and 
connection of New York, with which most of its 
more important business interests are identified. It 
is growing and improving rapidly, is laying out pub- 
lic grounds, has extensive Water- Works, and enjoys 
the specialty of the Gunard Docks near the ferry, 
from which sail all the steamers of that popular line. 
Hotels, Taylor's, American, Fish's, &c. From Jer- 
sey City, by rail, across flat and uninteresting 
country, to 

Newark, on the Passaic River, now largest city 
in the State, and one of the handsomest, as well as 
most important in point of manufactures, especially 
of leather, carriages and fancy work. [Reached by 
steamboat and other water- conveyance from New 



ROUTE NO. K—NEAR WESTERN. 145 

York. Also reached from New York by train on 
the Newark and New York road, from foot of 
Liberty street ; and (northern poition) by the Mor- 
ris a d Essex road, from foot Barclay street.] It is 
regularly laid out; has two handsome parks, many 
charming drives in the neighborhood ; a great num- 
ber and variety of the residences of the wealthy on 
Broad and other principal streets ; some public 
buildings worthy of attention (including the Post 
Office, City Hall, County Court House and several 
of the many churches) ; and is famed for the excep- 
tional beauty of its female population, as seen on 
promenade or elsewhere. Hotel : the Newark House, 
From Newark visit may be paid to Orange, very 
beautiful village, lying near, at the north; to the 
Orange Mountains ; to the popular place of resort,. 
Llewellyn Parle, &c. Or, they may be reached di- 
rectly from New York by the Morris and Essex 
road, foot of Barclay street.] Newark to 

Elizabeth, smaller town somewhat resembling 
Newark in appearance and general characteristics, 
though less notable in manufactures and possibly ex- 
celling the other in the finished beauty of some of 
its suburban grounds and wealthy residences. Has 
the specialty of being passed through, daily, by 
more railway trains than almost any other town in 
America, two great lines intersecting in it, and an 
immense coal-trade from Eastern Pennsylvania 
passing through it to its adjoining town and the 
principal entrepot and shipping-port of that article, 



146 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Elizalethport. Rivals Newark in female beauty, in 
fashion and the wealth of residents. [Also reached 
from New York by the New Jersey Central road, 
foot of Liberty street.] Elizabeth to 

Rahivay, handsome village, also much affected as 
a residence of citizens, and with specialty of con- 
siderable manufactures, for the Southern aud other 
market;-. Rah way to 

New Brunswick, one of the oldest towns in the 
State, though inferior in size to several others. It 
is pleasantly situated on the Raritan River, has a 
considerable amount of manufactures, and is the 
point of entrance into the Raritan River and Bay of 
the same name (Lower New York Bay), of the Dela- 
ware and Raritan Canal, from the Delaware River 
at Bordentown. Its principal celebrity, however, 
lies in its being the seat of Rutgers College, and the 
Theological Seminary of the Reformed Dutch 
Church, both old and influential institutions, hold- 
ing excellent rank. Among the buildings best worth 
notice, are those of the College, on an elevated 
square, within view from the railway; the Theo- 
logical Hall ; the County Buildings, in the public 
pquare ; and several churches of prominence. Many 
fine drives are to be enjoyed by those making stay, 
into the handsome and well-cultivated country in 
the neighborhood, to Bound BrooJc, &c. Leading 
Hotels, the Railroad, Bulls Head, &c. 

Beyond New Brunswick, the railway is accom- 
panied for much of the distance by the Delaware 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 147 

and Raritan Canal. At Monmouth Junction inter- 
section is made for Freehold, the Battle Ground of 
Monmouth, and south-eastern portions of the State. 
Next stopping place of importance, 

Pedstceton — Station, the town lying away at the 
right, though in sight, and steam connection in wait- 
ing. Princeton is another of the old and import- 
ant towns of the State, with a peculiar status in Bev- 
■olutionary history as having been the scene of one of 
Washington's most memorable conflicts, of which the 
field extends from the town itself to what is called 
the " Battle Ground," more than a mile distant. Its 
more marked celebritj 7 , however, lies in its being the 
seat of the College of New Jersey (called alternately, 
M Princeton College," and often, from one of the 
oldest buildings, " Nassau Hall.") It is also the seat 
■of the Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian de- 
nomination, in connection with the College, which 
has long enjoyed a very high reputation, and which 
is now presided over by the celebrated Scotch di- 
vine, Dr. McCosh, late of Queen's College, Belfast. 
The grounds of the College (like many of those of 
the town) are very handsome. Peale's " Washing- 
ton," in the College library, is a picture of merit and 
historical interest. To the College has also lately 
been added an Astronomical Observatory, with fine 
instruments. 

Beyond Princeton is soon reached 

Teentox, capital of the State of New Jersey, 
lying on the left or east bank of the Delaware river, 



148 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and famous as the scene of Washington's " Crossing 
the Delaware," January, 1777. It is a thriving manu- 
facturing town, especially preeminent in iron works; 
and has very costly constructions connected with 
the passage through the town of the Delaware and 
Earitan Canal. [Railroad connection, north, for 
Belvidere, Easton, and the Upper Delaware and 
Pennsylvania Coal-Regions ; and south to Borden- 
toivn, and by that route to Philadelphia.] The 
principal erections of prominence are the State 
House, modern and very handsome (with vhI uable 
Revolutionary memorials in the Library) ; the State 
Lunatic Asylum, Arsenal, Penitentiary, and some 
of the County buildings. The views over the Dela- 
ware and the Pennsylvania shore opposite, from 
some portions of the town, are very fine and memor- 
able. Prominent hotels, the American and Trenton. 

[Optional route may be taken, at Trenton, by 
rail, down the Delaware River to Bordentown and 
Camden, thence to Philadelphia by ferry. See 
Division B. of this route.] 

At Trenton the Delaware River is crossed, by 
bridge, to the State of Pennsylvania, by 

Bristol, handsome and thriving village of that 
State, and by Franhford (with a United States 
Arsenal) to Kensington and West Philadelphia, point 
of debarkation for 

Philadelphia. 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN". 140 

Division B. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY BOAT AND BAIL 
OF CAMDEN AND AMBOY LINE. 

Leave New York by Camden and Amboy boat, 
from Pier No. 1 North River (Battery), down the 
Bay of New York to the entrance of the Great 
Kills or Staten Island Sound, thence up that Sound, 
with Staten Island on the left and the New Jersey 
shore on the right. Only places of consequence 
passed, on either side, Bergen Point, on the right, 
favorite place of summer resort ; also on the right, 
Elizabethport, with extensive coal- wharves and small 
shipping ; aad, also on the right, Perth Amboy, old 
but decayed seaport, once expected to rival New 
York— to 

South Amboy, New Jersey, end of the route by 
boat and commencement of rail. 

(Or, according to weather, down the Bay of New 
York to and through the Narrows, and up the 
Lower Bay, with Staten Island at the right and the 
Quarantine and the distant shores of New Jersey on 
the left, making only the landing at Perth Amboy, 
to South Amboy, place of disembarkation as before). 

South Amboy, by rail, by Washington, and Spots- 
tuood, to 

Jamesburg. [Connection southward to Freehold, 
thence to Long Branch and the south-east; and 
northward to the New Jersey Railroad at Monmouth 
Junction, for Newark, Trenton, &c] Thence to* 



150 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Cranberry, Hightstown [connection to Pemberton 
and southwest] and 

Bordentown, handsome large village on the 
Delaware, and point of entrance into that river of 
the Delaware and Raritaii Canal ; famous as having 
long been the residence (at Point Breeze — grounds 
to the right) of Joseph Bonaparte, ex-king of Spain. 
[Connection by boat down the Delaware to Phila- 
delphia ; by rail to Trenton, &c.J Bordentown to 

Burlington, also lying on the Delaware, and 
considered one of the handsomest towns in the 
State. It is the seat of Burlington College (Episco- 
pal), and of several notable male and female schools. 
[Connection by boat to Philadelphia and Borden- 
town ; by rail to Mount Holly and other towns in the 
interior of the State.] Burlington by Beverley and 
other minor places, to 

Camden, on the Delaware, opposite Philadelphia. 
Thriving town, with much agricultural and some 
manufacturing industry, and residence of many 
Philadelphians. [Connection by West Jersey Rail- 
road southward to Bridgeton ; south-eastward to 
Mlllville and Cape May, favorite sea-coast resort 
at the Capes of th^ Delaware ; eastward by the 
Camden and Atlantic to Atlantic City, another 
favorite watering plaee on the New Jersey coast of 
the Atlantic; and by Pemb. and Hightstown road to 
the New Jersey Southern, Long Branch and New 
York]. Ferry across the Delaware to 

Philadelphia. 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 151 

Divison C. 

AT AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA., WITH EXCUR- 
SIONS. 

Philadelphia, most important city of Pennsyl- 
vania, second in the Union in point of population, 
largest of all in the extent of ground comprised 
within city limits, and dividing with Boston the 
claim of being the most influential after the com- 
mercial metropolis — lies on the Delaware River, at 
about one hundred miles from its mouth at Dela- 
ware Bay, and above and very near the debouchure 
into that river of the Schuylkill, the latter stream 
running through the city at its western extremity 
and adding materially to the beauty and healthful- 
ness of location. It is well known to have been 
founded by William Penn, the Quaker, and to be 
the headquarters of his denomination (whence its 
soubriquet, the " Quaker City " ) ; and it enjoys, in 
addition, the distinction of being the most regu- 
larly built city on the continent if not in the world, 
the mass of its streets lying at right angles and 
giving it an appearance of primness alternately 
counted a charm and a blemish. From this latter 
feature, combined with all the streets running par- 
allel with the Delaware being numbered, from one 
upward — and the space between each of these 
streets, on the intersecting ones, numbered as one 
hundred, in supplying street-numbers — less diffi- 
culty is involved, in the stranger finding his way 



152 SHOE T-TRIP G UIDB. 

through and about it, than through any other city 
in the world, of corresponding size. Still addition- 
ally it should be noted that the street-car system is 
wonderfully complete and perfect, routes crossing 
each other at short distances, and a system of 
"transfers" from one route to another making 
transit much easier and cheaper than it could other- 
wise be found. Carriage -hi re, cheaper than in New 
York, though high ; not differing materially from 
the same detail at Boston. 

Philadelphia has many notable Streets, of which 
the characteristics are worth study, for their indi- 
vidual and collective character. First among these 
is Chestnut Street, at once business and fashionable, 
on which are located some of the best hotels, and 
which has by far the handsomest display of shop- 
fronts on the continent. Next to this, perhaps, is 
Market Street, wide thoroughfare, dividing the 
cross streets into "North" and "South," and dis- 
playing much railway traffic and other heavy trade. 
Arch and Walnut are also both business streets of 
importance. The Exchange stands in Dock Street, 
between Walnut and Spruce ; and much of the 
commercial and financial force of the city is to be 
found in that neighborhood, and near the Delaware, 
between Shippen Street, on the South, and Vine 
Street, on the North, and Front Street to Sixth 
Street, in the cross direction. Fourteenth Street is 
ordinarily called Broad Street, and has much fash 
ion and many prominent buildings. Ridge and 



BOUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 153 

Girard Avenues hold position as places of fashion- 
able residence, and drives leading to Girard College, 
Fairmount Park, etc. 

Of Public Buildings there are many of import- 
ance and interest. The first place is held, histori- 
cally, by Independence Hall, Chestnut street, nota- 
ble as having been the place of signing of the 
Declaration of Independence from Great Britain, 
Fourth of July, 1776. Some historical pictures of 
value, statues, and many relics are preserved there ; 
and among others the " Liberty Bell," rung at the 
time of the Declaration, and bearing the strangely 
appropriate inscription: "Proclaim liberty through- 
out the land to all the inhabitants thereof." (Admis- 
sion to the Hall, every day, 9 to 2). The building 
and wings are now used as public offices. A re- 
cently erected statue of Washington fronts the main 
entrance. Next of the public buildings in import- 
ance, is Girard College, on Ridge Avenue, some two 
miles from the city centre — the several buildings 
modern and of fine architecture, and the grounds 
handsome, but its principal celebrity (it has very 
little as an educational institution) lying in the 
strange will and bequest of Stephen Girard, the 
merchant, which founded it, and which among other 
odd features, allows no clergyman to enter it even 
on a visit. Next in importance is the United States 
Mint, Chestnut street, with very perfect and inter- 
esting processes and a splendid collection of coins 
(admission daily, 9 to 12). Besides these, there are 



154 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

the Custom House (formerly the United States 
Bank), Chestnut street; the Exchange, Dock street; 
the University of Pennsylvania, Ninth street near 
Chestnut; Jefferson Medical College, Tenth street 
near Chestnut; the Pennsylvania Hospital, Pine 
street ; Pennsylvania Insane Asylum, West Phila- 
delphia (with West's great picture of " Christ Heal- 
ing the Sick ") ; U. S. Marine Hospital, near the 
Navy Yard ; the Franklin Atheneum, and other 
library and literary buildings; Pennsylvania Aca- 
demy of Fine Arts (with many g>od pictures : open 
daily), Chestnut street; Eastern Penitentiary, 
Coates street, near Girard College ; TJnion League 
Club House, Broad street; Masonic Temple, Broad 
street; Ledger Building, corner of Sixth and Chest- 
nut streets, etc. 

In Antiquities Philadelphia possesses, besides In- 
pendence Hall (already mentioned), Carpenter' 1 s 
Hall, Chestnut street, used for the first assembling of 
the Colonial Congress ; Hultzheimers, where Jeffer- 
son wrote the Declaration, cor. Market and Seventh 
streets; the Grave of Franklin, cor. Arch and Fifth 
streets; Indian Queen Hotel, once residence ol Jef- 
ferson, cor. Market and Front streets; the Old Penn 
House, near Fairmount ; part of Penn's Elm Tree, 
in collection of Historical Library Association ; and 
others of minor importance. 

Of Public Grounds Philadelphia has more than 
the average in both variety and beauty. Fair- 
mount Park, on the Schuylkill (in connection with 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN, 155 

the long-celebrated Fairmount Water Works), is 
one of the largest parks in the world, and has much 
beauty in grounds and views, though little more 
than commenced; and a bronze sitting statue of 
Lincoln has recently been inaugurated at near the 
Schuylkill entrance, while cheap service-carriages 
and all conveniences to visitors are supplied. The 
finest view is from George's Hill, and the finest drive,. 
Vista Drive. The Water Works themselves demand 
attention, as among the best of their class; the views 
over the Schuylkill from the raised promenade are 
notably fine ; and the Suspension Bridge, at the same 
point, is the most interesting structure of that char- 
acter at or near the city, it having been built by CoL 
Ellett, the constructor of the Niagara Suspension 
Bridge, and afforded a model for the latter. (Other 
Bridges of interest are the Iron Bridge, over the 
Schuylkill at Chestnut street; the Market Street 
Bridge, of wood, very old; &c.) (There are also- 
other Water Works: the Delaiuare, on the river, 
foot of Wood street, and the Western, with a beauti- 
ful tower, opposite Fairmount.) Of the other public- 
grounds of the city, the most interesting are In- 
dependence Square, rear of Independence Hall;: 
Washington Square, near it ; Logan Square (largest 
of the old), Eighteenth street; Franklin Square, 
Race and Sixth streets ; Penn Square, Broad and 
Market streets ; Jefferson and Bittenhouse Squares / 
and Hunting Park (old race-course) on the York 
road. 



156 SHORT- TRIP O UIDE. 

Among the most notable of Philadelphia churches, 
-are the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul (Catho- 
lic), Logan Square, with a noble dome, an admired 
altar-piece, and some good paintings; St. Mark's 
(Epis.), Locust street, with tower and spire of pecu- 
liar beauty ; St. PauVs (Epis.), Third street; Christ 
Church (old), Second street, with tall steeple, fine 
•chime of bells, and communion service of the time 
of Queen Anne; Church of the Incarnation, Broad 
•street; Baptist, Broad street; Calvary (F res.), Lo- 
r cust street; St. Stephen's (Epis.), Fourth street; 
■St. Peter s (old), Pine street; St. Andrew's, Eighth 
-street; &c, and (as curiosities, though eschewing 
.any attempt at architecture) many of the Friends' 
or Quaker Meeting Houses, of which the city has a 
remarkable number and variety. 

Of Libraries, there are a large number, though the 
aggregate of volumes embraced in all does not reach 
far beyond a quarter million. Among them are the 
.Franklin (sometimes called the "Philadelphia,") 
'South Fifth near Chestnut street; the Atheneum, 
;Sixth street; the Mercantile; the Apprentices', 
Friends', Law Association, &c. ; besides those con- 
nected with those prominent institutions, the His- 
torical Society, Sixth and Adelphi streets (antiqui- 
ties and curiosities) ; Academy of Natural Sciences, 
Broad street; tbe Franklin Institute, Seventh 
street, &c. The principal Art Gallery is the Penn- 
sylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Chestnut street, 
^containing among other prominent pictures, West's 



ROUTE NO. S.-NEAR WESTERN. 15? 

" Death on the Pale Horse," Allston's a Kaising of 
Lazarus," and others of merit by Stuart, Sully, 
Leslie and others. The principal Market, and one 
of the best-arranged and most luxuriously-supplied: 
in America, is located on Market ttreet, in the lower 
part of the city, and will well repay a visit, for ob-. 
servance of the varied productions of the surround-, 
ing country. 

Principal Places of Amusement: the American. 
Academy of Music, Broad street, the handsomest 
and one of the largest musical houses in the United 
States; Arch Street Theatre, street of the same, 
name ; Chestnut street, street of that name ; Walnut 
street, street of same name; American, Walnut, 
street ; Carncross and Dixey's Opera House (Ethio-- 
pian), Eleventh street; American Museum, Ninth., 
and Arch streets, &c. Leading Hotels: the Conti-. 
nental. Chestnut street; La Pierre House, Broad. 
street ; Colonnade, Chestnut street ; Girard House, 
Chestnut street; American, Chestnut street; St K 
Cloud, Arch street; Washington, Chestnut street ; ; 
Merchants', Fourth street. 

Surburban and other Excursions of interest, in-- 
elude the 

United States Navy Yard, on Front street and; 
the Delaware Eiver, entrance from foot of Federal 
street ; with immense Sectional Dock, stocks and 
materials for war-vessels, munitions of war, &c v 
[Walk, or street-car.] Arraugements have been 
made for the occupation of League Island, lower 



158 SHORT TRIP GUIDE. 

down the Delaware, as a new and larger navy yard, 
for the laying up of vessels in ordinary; but they 
have not yet been carried into effect. Of scarcely 
less interest are the 

U. 8. Arsenals, of which one of the most import- 
ant is to be reached at Frankford, north-east of the 
city, with interesting collection of arms and the 
largest powder magazine in the country; and the 
other near Gray^s Ferry, south of the city. Also, 

Laurel Hill Cemetery, on Kidge Avenue, near the 
Schuylkill, and considered one of the handsomest 
of the cemeteries of the great cities, on account of 
height of location, fine river-view, tasteful monu- 
ments and adornments. The group of " Old Mor- 
tality," by Thorn, at the entrance, and the Chapel, 
deserve attention, as do many of the monuments to 
well-known men, among others those of Dr. Kane, 
Gen'l Mercer, Gen'l Patterson, Dr. Bird (the novel- 
ist), Joseph 0. ISTeal, Charles Thompson, Hassler, 
&c. [Reached by street car, drive, or boat up the 
Schuylkill from Fairmount] Second in importance 
are the Woodlands Cemetery, on the Darby Eoad, 
west of the Schuylkill ; Monument Cemetery, Broad 
street ; Glenivood Cemetery, Eidge Road ; Mount 
Vernon Cemetery, Ridge avenue ; Ronaldson's Ceme- 
tery, Shippen street; Friends' Burial Ground, Arch. 
and Fourth streets, &c. [All, beyond short walk 
from leading hotels, reached by street-car.] 

Other Excursions, to 

The Wissahichon, creek or small river of marked 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 159 

shaded beauty, emptying into the Schuylkill. [Drive, 
on Ridge avenue, past Laurel Hill, or trip by boat 
on the Schuylkill from Fairmount, in the course of 
which may also be seen the Falls of the Schuylkill] 
To the Old Bartram Mansion, with Revolutionary 
reminiscences and a Botanic Garden, on the West 
bank of the Schuylkill. [Street cars on Darby 
road.] To Penrfs Rock, on the Haddington road 
(stone said to have been raised by William Penn). 
To Germantoim, site of the Battle of that name, 
fought by Washington in 1777 ; with interesting rem- 
iniscences, in Chews' House, the Headquarters, But- 
tonball Tree Tavern, &c. To Manayunk, on the 
Schuylkill, with water-power and heavy manufac- 
tures. [Street cars on Ridge-road, or boat on the 
Schuylkill.] [Street car and short steam connec- 
tion, every quarter-hour.] To Greenwich Point and 
Gloucester Point, on the Delaware, favorite near 
places of summer x'esort, a few miles below the city. 
[Ferry from South street.] To Red Bank and Fort 
Mifflin, two miles below the places last named, with 
Revolutionary reminiscences, Count Donop's Grave, 
a Battle Monument, &c. ; and also to League Island, 
lying near, and the site of the new Navy Yard. 
[Boats, very frequent] To Smith's Island (Wind- 
mill Island), lying in the Delaware, midway between 
the city and Camden, and passed through by the 
ferry-boats. Resort for relaxation and " clam-chow- 
ders." To Camden, New Jersey [several ferries : see 
route from New York, Division B.] To Bridgeton, 



160 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

NeW Jersey, great fruit-packing centre. [Ferry to 
Camden, and West Jersey Railroad.] To Vineland f 
New Jersey, great grape and fruit growing centre, 
[Ferry to Camden, and Camden and Atlantic road 
to Atsion — thence Vineland Eailway. To Borden- 
town and Burlington. [Boat on the Delaware, or 
rail.] 

Longer Excursions will be those to 

Norristown, on the Schuylkill, county seat of 
Montgomery County, with pleasant location, two 
fine Bridges, and handsome Court-House. [Eail- 
way on Reading road, or long drive of much beau- 
ty]. To 

Easton, Delaware Water-Gap, &c. [See 
Longer Excursions from New York.] [Rail, on 
Northern Pennsylvania, and Delaware, Lackawanna 
and Western roads.] To 

Harrisburg, Capital of the State of Pennsylva- 
nia, by Lancaster, &c. [Rail on the Pennsylvania 
Central Road : see routes following.] To 

Atlantic City, favorite place of summer resort, 
with fine bathing, on the New Jersey coast, near 
Egg Harbor and the Inlet of the same name. 
Prominent Hotels, the Atlantic House, and Surf 
House. [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence rail 
on the Camden and Atlantic road, direct] To 

Cape May (Cape Island), still more prominent and 
popular as a place of sea-side summer resort, and es- 
pecially chosen by Philadelphians. It lies at the ex- 
treme southern point of New Jersey, at the northern 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 161 

entrance of Delaware Bay, has an extensive beach 
with fine sea-view and bathing, and ranks beside 
Newport and Long Branch. Prominent Hotels: 
the Stockton Rouse, Congress Hall, United States, 
West Jersey, Columbia, Delaware, Atlantic, &c. 
[Reached by ferry to Camden, thence by rail on the 
West Jersey, and Millville and Cape May roads.] 
To 

Loxg Branch. [See Longer Excursions from 
New York.] [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence 
rail on Pemb. and Hightstown and New Jersey 
Southern roads. Also, with connection, Long 
Branch to New York. 



ROUTE NO. 9 -WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 

PHILADELPHIA, BY WILMINGTON (DEL.) TO AND AT 
WASHINGTON AND RICHMOND. 

Division A. 

PHILADELPHIA TO BALTIMORE BY WILMINGTON. 

Leave Philadelphia by rail on the Philadelphia, 
"Wilmington and Baltimore road, from West Phila- 
delphia. First point of interest passed is the Laza- 
retto, on the bank of the Delaware, some ten miles 
below the city — an immense building, with cupola, 
long used for the detention of cases of infectious 
disease. In a short distance is reached 

Lamohin Junction [with the Philadelphia and 
Baltimore Central Eailroad, for Port Deposit, Havre 
de Grace, and Baltimore direct, avoiding Chester 
and Wilmington.] Beyond Lamokin, continuing 
by P. W. and B. road, is reached 

Chester, the oldest town in the State and at one 
time, under William Perm, the seat of government 
of the province. It has, as curiosities, the spot 
where Penn landed on his first coming from Eng- 
land, a very old Court House, &c. Very little be- 
yond, the crossing is made from the State of Penn- 
sylvania into that of Delaware; and still a little be- 
yond is passed the Brandywine Creek, scene of the 



ROUTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 163 

battle of the same name (atChadd's Ford), defeat of 
the Americans and wounding of Lafayette, in 1778. 
After several minor stations, is reached 

Wilmington, Delaware, one of the most import- 
ant towns of that small State, and in the midst of 
an agricultural section of special fertility, the great 
peach-growing district being within easy reach of 
any one making brief stoppage. It occupies the site of 
the old Swedish Fort Christina ; has extensive ship- 
yards, flour and powder-mills, foundries, &c. ; and 
is also distinguished as the seat of St. Mary's Col- 
lege (Catholic), and other educational institutions of 
merit. Among its most prominent curiosities are 
the ship-yards and powder-mills, before named; the 
Old Swedes' Church, nearly 200 years old, with 
ancient grave-yard and singular epitaphs; the Col- 
lege, &c. [Railway connection south to Ellcton, 
Toivnsend, Dover (capital of the State), Lewes, 
Salisbury, Crisfield (for boat to Noi^folk) &c, ; 
westward to Hanover, Harrisburg, &c] From 
Wilmington, passing New Castle Junction [connec- 
tion for New Castle, &c], and minor stations, is 
reached 

Havre de Grace, Maryland, at the debouchure of 
the Susquehanna River into Chesapeake Bay, and also 
at the southern terminus of the Tidewater Canal. 
Here the Susquehanna is crossed by a handsome and 
costly Railroad Bridge, not long finished'; and in 
crossing, splendid views are caught (below) of Ches- 
apeake Bay and the shore-scenery on both sides. 



164 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

[Railway connections from Havre de Grace, north- 
westward, to Harrisburg and the West and 
Northwest.] From Havre de Grace, over flat and 
low country, with passage of the long 

Bridges over Bush and Gunpowder Rivers (the 
former 5-8 of a mile in length, and the lattt r 1 mile), 
both of which were destroyed during the secession- 
war, and rebuilt, — to Baltimore. 

Division B. 

AT AND ABOUT BALTIMORE, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Baltimore, on the Patapsco River, branch of 
Chesapeake Bay, most important town in the State 
of Maryland, seaport of eminence, considered one 
of the handsomest cities in the Union, and dividing 
with two or three others the claim of producing the 
most beautiful women, while to Europeans it pos- 
sesses the peculiar interest of having supplied wives 
to a remarkable number of the English aristocracy 
(Wellesley family, and others), and also a wife (Miss 
Patterson) to Jerome Bonaparte. It has a striking 
situation, on rising ground sloping up from the 
harbor, in that respect rivalling Boston; and the 
numerous spires and monuments fitly crown a pic- 
ture otherwise of great beauty. Baltimore has an 
inner and outer harbor, above and below FelVs 
Point, into the latter of which the largest ships en- 
ter without difficulty ; and the city proper is di- 
vided, nearly North and South, by a narrow stream 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN 105 

with many bridges, called Jones' Run. A strong 
and handsome fortification, Fort McHenry, defends 
the harbor, and figured conspicuously in both the 
war of 1812 and that of the secession. Among the 
chief boasts of the city, and the first objects of in- 
terest to the traveller, are 

The Monuments, so notable that they have given 
to Baltimore the soubriquet of the "Monumental 
City." The first in importance is the Washington, 
in an elevated position on Mt. Vernon Place, at 
Charles and Monument streets — a base and shaft 
reaching 200 feet in height, with a statue surmount- 
ing all, of " Washington Resigning his Commission." 
(Accessible, and fine view from balcony at top.) 
Next in interest is the Battle, at Calvert and Fay- 
ette streets — a Roman column, with emblematical 
sculptures, in honor of those who fell in defence of 
the city, in September 1814. The third, or Armis- 
tead, in honor of the defender of Fort McHenry in 
1814, is merely a tablet, on North Calvert street, and 
only of interest in the patriotic conn' ction. 

Of streets, the most important is Baltimore street, 
running east and. west the whole length of the city, 
and really its Broadway or Regent street. Holliday, 
Calvert, Fayette, Lexington, Eutaw, Madison, Park, 
Saratoga, North Charles, Mt. Vernon Place, Charles 
avenue, and other streets on the west side of Jones' 
Falls, are among the notable; and as centres of 
business, Lombard, Caroline, Bank, Gay, High y 
Market, Broadway, and other streets on the east 



166 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

side, with those surrounding the City Dock (basin) 
and principal Avharves, lying in that vicinity. Of 
Public Buildings, among the most notable are the 
Exchange, Gay street, with noble dome; (Custom 
House and Post Office occupying part of the same 
building) ; the Maryland Institute, Baltimore street,, 
devoted to industrial exhibitions, fairs, &c, and a 
Market; the City Hall, Holliday street; County 
Court House, Monument square; U. S. Court 
House, North and Fayette streets ; Penitentiary and 
Prisons, Madison street ; Corn Exchange, So&th 
street; the Shot Totver, Front and Fayette streets; 
Of Churches, in Baltimore as in Philadelphia, the 
most imposing is the Catholic, the Cathedral, at 
Cathedral and Mulberry streets, being the finest ec- 
clesiastical edifice in the city, with impressive towers 
and dome ; one of the largest organs in the country ; 
and two pictures of great value within, a " Descent 
from the Cross" and "St. Louis Burying His 
Dead," respectively the gifts of the French Kings 
Louis XVI. and Charles X. After this, in archi- 
tectural interest, come the Unitarian, North 
Charles and Franklin streets; the Presbyterian, 
Madison and Park streets; Grace (Epis.), Monu- 
ment and Park streets ; St. Paul's, Charles street, 
and many others, the city being by no means defi- 
cient in this detail. 

Of Literary Institutions and their edifices, may be 
named the University of Maryland, with celebrated 
Medical Department, Green and Lombard streets; 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 167 

the Peabody Institute (founded by the late George 
Peabody), Charles and Monument streets; St. 
Mary's College (Catholic), Franklin and Greene 
streets; Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore 
Library, Mercantile Library, &c, rooms in the 
Atlieneum, Saratoga and St. Paul streets ; College of 
Loyola (Catholic), Madison and Calvert screets; 
College of Pharmacy, North Calvert street; &c 
Principal Theatres: the Holliday Street, street of 
same name; the Front Street, or American, Front 
street; Baltimore Museum, Broad and Calvert 
streets; Grand Opera House (new); Concordia 
(German), South Entaw street. Prominent Hotels: 
Bamum's, Monument square ; the Eutaw, W. Balti- 
more street; Gilmour's, Baltimore street; the 
Fountain, Light street; the Maltby, Pratt street. 

Cemeteries of prominence: Green Mount, Belvi- 
dere street and York avenue, with fine gateways 
and many handsome walks and monuments ; Lou- 
doun Park, also with fine gateway, Frederick 
road ; Baltimore Cemetery, North Gay street ; 
Mount Olivet, Frederick road ; Mount Car met, 
Western, and other minor. Other Parks and Public 
Grounds : Druid Hill Park, very large and 
handsome grounds, recently laid out, in the 
Northern suburbs [street-car from city centres] ; 
Patterson Parh, East Baltimore street, with re- 
mains of earthworks of war of 1812 ; City Spring 
Grounds, North Calvert street; Union Square, 
West Lombard street; Federal Hill, with Signal 



168 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

House and one of the very best views of the city and 
harbor; Franklin Square, Fayette street; Jackson 
Square, Hampstead street ; etc. 

Favorite Excursions, among others, to 

Fort McHenry and North Point, entrance of the 
harbor (before spoken of) ; to Franklin, the Con- 
vent, &c, by the Frederick road [favorite drive] ; to 
Oovanstown, by the York road [drive] ; to Catons- 
ville and Ellicotfs Mills [horse-car] ; to Toivsontown 
(military barracks, &c.) [horse-car] ; to Bel- Air, 
Franklinton, &c] [stage-coach]. Down the dies- 
apeake Bay [boat, very Srequent from harbor- 
wharves, during the warm season]. Longer Ex- 
cursions, among others, to 

Annapolis, Capital of the State of Maryland, 
and seat of the celebrated national Naval Academy, 
It lies on the little River Severn, near Chesapeake 
Bay; has a history of interest, dating back to 1649 ; 
was the spot where Genl. Washington resigned his 
commission at the close of the War of Independence ; 
and has, in addition to the other attractions named, 
an educational institution of prominence, St. John's 
College, a State House, and much fine river and coast 
scenery in the neighborhood. [Reached from Bal- 
timore by the Baltimore and Washington road to 
Annapolis Junction, thence branch road direct.] 
Also, to 

Norfolk, Virginia, on the Elizabeth River, at the 
extreme southern point of Chesapeake Bay, and the 
second town in Virginia in point of population. 



RO UTE NO. 9. - WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 169 

It has a fine harbor, with great depth of water; 
and is one of the greatest markets of wild-fowl 
(especially the celebrated " canvas-back " ducks 
of the Chesapeake), oysters, fruits and other 
supplies, to be found south of Philadelphia. Across 
the river from it are the Portsmouth Naval De- 
pot, formerly the most extensive in the Union, but 
materially damaged by fire at the commencement 
of the secession war (1861), with the burning 
of the Pennsylvania, Merrimac and other war 
vessels, — and the Gosport Navy Yard, with Dry 
Docks of great size and cost. Norfolk and Ports- 
mouth harbor proper are defended by Fort Cal- 
houn and the works on Craney Island ; while the 
entrance from the sea is commanded by Fortress 
Monroe,the largest fortification in the United States, 
erected at Old Point Comfort (also place of favorite 
summer resort), on the opposite or north side of the 
wide mouth of the James River (Hampton Roads), 
directly north and some fourteen miles distant. In 
the latter neighborhood may also be visited, Eliza- 
beth City and Hampton, more or less interestingly 
connected alike with the early history of Virginia 
and the secession troubles of 1861-5. May also be 
visited, from Norfolk or Old Point Comfort [boat], 
the site and Ruins of Jamestown, place of first set- 
tlement in Virginia, and scene of the romantic epi- 
sode of Captain John Smith and Pocahontas. [From 
Baltimore to Richmond by boat, every day during 
summer, with fine views throughout, and including 



170 SHORT- TRIP G U1DE. 

a distant one of the great dome of the Capitol at 
Washington.] [Norfolk to Richmond, by boat up 
the James River; or may be visited from Rich- 
mond, by same conveyance.] Also, to 

Point of Rocks, splendid pass of the Potomac 
River between Maryland and Virginia, by the 
Thomas Viaduct, Ellicottfs Mills, the Oliver Via- 
duct, the Tarpeian Rock, Monocacy [branch road to 
Frederick], through the Monocacy Valley and other 
markedly fine scenery ; and to ■ 

Harper's Ferry, on the Upper Potomac, at the 
intersection with that stream of the Shenandoah, 
with mountain and river scenery of the first mag- 
nificence, and the additional interest of having been 
the site of an important U. S. Armory and Arsenal 
(destroyed by fire in April, 1861), and the spot 
where John Brown, of Ossawatomie, made his cele- 
brated raid and virtually commenced the conflict of 
the secession, in October, 1859. Maryland, Bolivar 
and Loudon Heights, and their fortifications, de- 
mand notice, as do a thousand natural beauties and 
warlike reminiscences certain to be suggested on 
the spot [Reached from Baltimore by Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad.] [Route may be pursued from 
Harper's Ferry to Cumberland, Pittsburg and the 
West, without return to Baltimore.] 



BO UTE NO. 9 — WESTERN AND SO UTHEBN 171 
Division C. 

BALTIMORE TO WASHINGTON. 

Leave Baltimore - by train on the Washington 
Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Eailroad, from 
Camden Station, by Washington Junction [whence 
connection, by the main line of the same road, west- 
ward to Harpers Ferry, Sc] ; and by Hanover, 
Dorsey and other stations, to 

Annapolis Junction ("connection to Annapolis, 
as see " Excursions from Baltimore," preceding] ; 
thence by Savage, Laurel, White Oak Bottom, and 
other stations, to 

Bladensburg, small town on the Eastern Branch 
of the Potomac, with a mineral-spring and some ce- 
lebrity as a healthful summer resort for Washington 
residents and others near; but much more as the 
scene of the disgraceful defeat of the American by 
the British forces, in August 1814, immediately pre- 
vious to the temporary occupation of the Capital — 
and also as the spot long famous as a duelling- 
ground for Congressional and other disputants. 
Very soon after leaving Bladensburg is caught, 
what should by no means be lost, the . 

First Vieiv of the Washington Capitol, scarcely 
second to the corresponding distant view of the 
dome of St. Peter's, in approaching Rome — the 
dome of the Capitol, since re-erection, being among: 
the largest and finest in the world, and the first 
sight peculiarly impressive. But a little time and 



172 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

distance, following, before entering the somewhat 
straggling city, and disembarking at the foot of 
Capitol Hill— Washington. 

Division D. 

AT AND ABOUT WASHINGTON, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Washington, capital city of the United States of 
America, and on many accounts specially interest- 
ing, as bearing the name of the Great Soldier and 
Patriot, as having been selected by him as the seat 
of Government, as having been the scene of all the 
central legislation of the country and many of its 
other historical events, and as possessing a location 
with many marked advantages and certain equally 
marked disadvantages almost counterbalancing the 
favorable, — lies in the District of Columbia, on the 
north bank of the Potomac Eiver, at some 70 miles 
from the embouchure of that river into Chesapeake 
Bay, and about 30 miles directly westward from the 
nearest shore of that Bay, at a little southward of 
Annapolis. It supplies a geographical meridian of 
importance: Lat. 38° 53' 39" N.; Long. 77° 2' 
48" irom Greenwich; and lies in a direct line, about 
120 miles south-west from Philadelphia, and about 
200 in a corresponding direction from New York. 
It dates, as the Capital, from the removal Irom 
Philadelphia, about 1800, though the corner-stone 
of the Capitol was laid in 1793. The city, as a mu- 
nicipality, dates from nearly the same time — ib large 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO TJTHERN. 173- 

in extent, and by no means compact in its character; 
that fact having given rise, many years ago, to the 
irreverent soubriquet : the " City of Magnificent 
Distances." 

Among the undeniable advantages of Washing- 
ton, before referred to, are its picturesque location, 
with elevations and fine views at two points, — those 
of the Capitol, at the south-eastern end of (main) 
Pennsylvania Avenue, and the Pres'dent's House 
and principal Government Buildings, at the north- 
western end ; its ease of access from the sea, and ac- 
cessibility by railway from various important points; 
its moderate climate in winter, principal season of 
legislative assemblage ; and its proximate centrality, 
as between North and South. Among the disad- 
vantages may be named the doubtful healthiness of 
some portions (including the Executive Mansion) in 
summer; and its entire want of centrality towards 
the limited East and the widely-extended West — the 
latter feature having given rise to much dissatisfac- 
tion, of late years, and some efforts at effecting the 
removal of the seat of government to some one of 
the Western Cities — St. Louis being oftenest named* 
The governmental conveniences now existing on this 
spot, however, and the iate completion of the en- 
larged Capitol, render it entirely improbable that 
any such removal will take place within the present 
century, and leave Washington to be visited and 
considered as the permanent capital of the United 
States. 



174 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Of course first among its attractions, to the tour- 
ist, at whatever season, will be found 

The Capitol, standing on Capitol Hill, fronting 
east and west, and occupying the same site as the 
original, founded by Washington and burned by the 
British in 1814, when the Congressional Library, 
many valuable pictures, the President's House and 
other buildings, shared the same fate. The present 
structure, undeniably one of the noblest government 
buildings in the world, and with many grand and 
beautiful details in architecture, is an enlargement 
of that which replaced the burned building, and has 
consequently the blemish of showing some incon- 
gruity in materials and "afterthought" in design. It 
is immense in extent, however, the entire length being 
some 750 feet, with a wing depth of 300 and a body 
depth of 200; and the whole space of ground covered 
is said to be three and a half acres. Handsome 
grounds surround the Capitol, with fine shade trees 
and some good landscape gardening ; and from these 
grounds, below either front, and from the two fronts 
themselves, remarkably fine views may be obtained. 

The East Front, (main) has an immense colon- 
nade and portico, with Persico's statues of Colum- 
bus, of Washington, allegorical figures of Peace and 
War, Greenough's " Civilization," etc., on the portico 
and in the grounds adjoining; and it is here that 
the Inauguration Ceremonies of each incoming 
President take place, the auditory filling the portico 
and the grounds below. The West Front, less elabo- 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHEBN. 175 

rate, has the view down Pennsylvania Avenue and 
over the city. The next most prominent feature, 
and perhaps the most notable of all, is 

The Dome, before spoken of as among the noblest 
in the world. It surmounts the centre of the pile, 
rising to a height of nearly 400 feet, crowned with 
a colossal statue of Freedom, by Crawford ; and is 
ascended, from within, by a spiral stairway, for the 
extensive and magnificent view of Washington, the 
Potomac, the near portions of the District, of Virginia, 
Maryland, etc. In the Rotunda, immediately under 
the dome, are to be seen the eight large historical 
pictures, " Discovery of the Mississippi," "Baptism 
of Pocahontas," " Declaration of Independence," 
"Surrender of Burgoyne," "Surrender of Cornwal- 
lis," "Washington Resigning his Commission," and 
"Landing of Columbus." The Rotunda has also a 
"Massacre of the Innocents," portraits of Lincoln 
and others, some interesting historical bas reliefs, 
etc. The Canopy, surmounting, is elaborately 
painted in fresco, by Brumidi, and contains an im- 
mense number of allegorical and historical figures. 
Naturally the next objects of interest will be the 

Senate and Representative Chambers, the former 
situated in the north wing (or "'extension" — new 
part of the building) and the latter in the south 
wing. They are both large, with good accommoda- 
tion for spectators (in the Strangers' Galleries) ela- 
borately finished, lighted from above by hidden gas- 
burners through ground glass, and extremely well 



176 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ventilated, but with their impressiveness materially 
marred by the low, flat ceilings. Both are reached 
by elaborate and costly stairways, really among the 
most notable features in the building ; and it may 
be said of both that, with whatever faults of con- 
struction, they are among the best of their class, in 
the world. Next in interest is to be visited the 

Supreme Court Room, a large semi-circular apart- 
ment in the north wing, with busts of former 
Chief-Justices Jay, Rutledge, Ellsworth and Mar- 
shall; and beneath it the Old Supreme Court Room, 
now the Law Library, with a fine collection of 
books in the higher branches of jurisprudence, and 
some peculiarities in the architecture of the room, 
commanding surprised attention. The 

Library of Congress, with some 90,000 to 100,000 
volumes (now accumulating very rapidly, as copies 
of all works published in America must be depo- 
sited there, to secure copy-right — as in the British 
Museum), and an immense number of valuable 
documents and manuscripts, — is in the western por- 
tion of the main building, and shows fire-proof book- 
cases and all appliances to guard against the recur- 
rence of fire, which has twice destroyed previous col- 
lections (1814 — war; and 1851, accidental.) But 
perhaps quite as interesting as any of the apartments 
named, is the 

Old Hall of Representatives, in the south wing of 
the centre building, semi-circnlar, with panelled 
ceiling and cupola, row of splendid columns in Vir- 



RO UTE NO. 9.- WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 177 

ginia green-stone ; and containing, among other 
objects of interest and value, Vanderlyn's " Wash- 
ington," a full-length of Lafayette, Franzoni's statue 
of History, statues and busts of Washington, 
Kosciusko, Lincoln, Johnson, &c. Here, also, have 
spoken nearly all the great legislators of America 
in the past, making the place historically memora- 
ble. Opening from this into the corridor, may be 
seen the 

Bronze Columbus Door, modelled by Rogers and 
cast at Munich (where the model remains), repre- 
senting various scenes in the life and death of the 
discoverer, and considered among the best of con- 
temporary works. 

Many Other Apartments of interest maybe visited 
in the Capitol, among them the President's and 
Vice-President's Room, the Speaker's, Senators', Re- 
ception, &c, and some of the Committee Rooms, in 
the latter of which will be found displayed quite as 
much luxury (not always in the best taste) as can be 
found in any other portion of the structure. 

[Admission to the Capitol, and access to most of 
its rooms, every week-day, 10 to 3. Congress gen- 
erally in session, from early December to 4th March, 
in the years with odd numbers : in those with even 
numbers, (as 1872) the sessions often continuing far 
into the summer and even later. Admission to the 
Congressional Sessions, without card, and only 
limited by the capacity of the large galleries. In 
connection it may be well to say that the same 



178 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

liours (10 to 3) and the same freedom from routine 
or special application, apply to most of the Depart- 
ment buildings at Washington.] 

Next in importance to the traveler, of the build- 
ings of Washington, is the 

Pbesident's House (familiarly known as the 
"White House," especially in political parlance), 
situated on the high ground at the opposite or 
north-western extremity of (main) Pennsylvania 
Avenue (principal drive and fashionable promenade 
of the city). It is of white stone, as its name indi- 
cates, has a colonnaded front but little architectural 
merit, stands near the Potomac and commands a 
fine view of that river and the opposite shore. It 
contains some handsome and well-appointed rooms, 
the East Room being the most notable ; but the lo- 
cation is not considered healthy in summer, and the 
Presidential family does not often steadily occupy it 
throughout that season. [Calls, without ceremonial 
or previous introduction, are generally received by 
the President every week-day, 10 to 1, except those 
devoted to Cabinet meetings or other special ap- 
pointments. No court-dress necessary or proper. 
Levees, during the Congressional Season, fortnight- 
ly; and weekly receptions, generally on Saturday 
mornings, by the Lady of the White House, with 
the President present.] 

The Patent Office, after those named, is un- 
doubtedly the most interesting place of visit in 
Washington, for its massive architecture and on ac- 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTEERN. 179 

count of its extraordinary collection of mechanical 
and labor-saying implements, in which it has no 
equal in any country. It is located on F street 
(many of the Washington streets being thus desig- 
nated by letters), between Seventh and Ninth 
streets. The Model Room, occupying one entire 
floor, is divided into four halls, of which the East 
Hall is occupied by practical models ; the West 
Hall by rejected ones; the South Hall (with hand- 
some frescoed ceilings) by personal effects of Wash- 
ington, other Eevolutionary relics, (sword of Wash- 
ington and cane of Franklin, among others) medals 
and treaties with, and presents from foreign powers, 
Powers' Statue of Washington, &c, forming a 
unique, most valuable and interesting collection. 
Near the Patent Office is to be visited the 

General Post Office, an imposing Corinthian struc- 
ture, with the internal arrangements commanding a 
certain degree of attention, and some valuable re- 
cords of Franklin. Also, the City Post Office, in 
same building. The 

State, War and Navy Departments have buildings 
near each other and near the President's House, on 
Pennsylvania Avenue. Little of interest is to be 
found in either, except the Library of the State 
Department, and the Collection of Eelics of the 
War and Navy. Of much more importance to the 
visitor is the 

Treasury Department Building, on Fifth street, 
immense in size and of some architectural merit ^ 



180 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

while the details of Paper Money Printing [admis- 
sion by order from the Secretary of the Treasury — 
easily obtained], carried on in the upper and lower 
portions of the structure, are worthy of close atten- 
tion from their extent and completeness. The 

Smithsonian Institute (founded by the late James 
Smithson, Esq., of England), stands in extensive and 
highly ornamented grounds, called the Mall, west of 
the Capitol, and south-east of the President's 
House. It is of large-extent, built of red sand- 
stone, Norman in architecture, and has nine towers, 
of irregular heights. It contains an immense libra- 
ry-room, picture-gallery, lecture-room, laboratory, 
etc., and is already doing a noble work in the ad- 
vancement of science. At no considerable dis- 
tance from this, stands the 

Washington Monument, intended to be one of the 
largest in the world, but thus far simply one of the 
largest failures, the funds to complete it from its 
present height of 170 feet to the contemplated 600, 
not being forthcoming. It is at present no monu- 
ment but a curiosity. The 

National Observatory stands on Western Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue, half way between the President's 
House and Georgetown. It has a large transit and 
some other fine instruments, astronomical library, 
clock, etc. 

The Public Grounds of Washington are princi- 
pally comprised in the Mall, on the banks of the 
Potomac, at and near the Smithsonian Institute; 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 181 

the Capitol Grounds, before spoken of; and Lafay- 
ette Square, near the President's House (with Clark 
Mills' equestrian statue of Jackson). Principal 
Churches: the Epiphany, (Epis.) G. Street, near 
Thirteenth; Trinity (Epis.) Third street; St. John's 
(Epis.) Lafayette Square; Presbyterian, Four-and- 
a-half Street; St. Aloysius (Oath.) near the Capitol; 
Foundry church, (Meth. Epis.) Fourteenth street. 
Principal Theatres : the New National and Wall's 
Opera House. (Ford's Theatre, once a favorite, 
and the scene of the assassination of President 
Lincoln, April, 1865, is to be seen as a curiosity, 
but has never since been opened as a place of 
amusement). Public Hall: Lincoln Hall. Promi- 
nent Hotels: the Arlington ; St. Cloud; Howard; 
St. James' ; Willard's. 

Suburban and other excursions from Washington, 
will include those to the Soldiers' Home (Military 
Asylum), three miles north of the city, and favorite 
resort of Presidential families in summer ; the Arse- 
nal, Greenleaf's Point, junction of Eastern Branch 
and Potomac, with interesting collection of ord- 
nance. To the 

Navy Yard, with ship-houses, an armory, etc., on 
the Eastern Branch, short walk south-east of the 
Capitol. To the 

Congressional Cemetery, lying on the Eastern 
Branch, north-east oi the Capitol, with many scores 
of monuments to Members of Congress who have 
died at Washington, and specially notable nrnnu- 



183 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ments of interest, to William Wirt, George Clinton, 
Elbridge Gerry, and others; also Glenwood, rival 
cemetery of much beauty, lying north of the Capi- 
tol. To the 

Long Bridge, crossing the Potomac to the Vir- 
ginia shore, from near the Mall, to Alexander's 
Island, and computed to have carried over half a 
million of troops during the war of the secession. 
To 

Georgetown, a handsome suburb, lying at the 
West, beyond Kock Creek, with fine view from the 
Heights and much interest in the Aqueduct, carry- 
ing the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal over the Poto- 
mac ; also, Georgetown College (Jesuit), at the west 
end of the town, with library, museum, observatory, 
etc. ; the Convent of the Visitation, Fayette street ; 
Asylum for Children; Oak Hill Cemetery (with 
handsome Chapel, fine monument to M. Bodisco, 
etc.) To 

Arlington House, former mansion of George 
Washington Parke Custis, stepson of Washington? 
and later of General Kobert E. Lee, of the Confed- 
erate service, but the property since occupied as a 
Freedman's Village, and most of the rare Washing- 
ton and other relics carried away, though the place 
must always retain a certain historical interest To 

Little and Great Falls, on the Potomac, above 
Georgetown, with handsome scenery and specially 
fine fishing. [All the last named places are most 
conveniently reached by carriage]. To 



BO VTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 6 VTHEBN. 183 

Alexandria, old town of Virginia, on the West- 
ern side of the Potomac, seven miles below Wash- 
ington — once of heavy commercial importance, but 
now decayed. It has interesting historical reminis- 
cences, in the fact that Gen. Braddock's unfortu- 
nate expedition to Fort Duquesne, which brought 
Col. Washington to notice, was fitted out here; also 
in his pew in Christ Church, still preserved, and 
other relics of the Father of his Country. It has a 
later and melancholy interest as the spot (at the 
Marshall House) where Col. Ellsworth, the Zouave, 
and Ms slayer, Jackson, were both shot, in May, 
1861. It has also a Museum, Court House, Theolog- 
ical Seminary, etc. [Reached from Washington by 
special boat here and to Mount Vernon; or by regu- 
lar daily boat on way to Aquia Creek, Fortress 
Monroe, and Richmond. Also, by rail or road. 
Railway connection, north to Washington ; south 
to Aquia Creek, Richmond, etc. ; northwest to 
Leesburg, Harper's Ferry, Chamber sburg, etc; 
west and southwest (through a succession of the 
early battle-fields of the secession war), to Fairfax 
Court House, Manassas Junction (battle-field of 
Bull Run in immediate neighborhood) connection 
northwestward to Stmsburg, Winchester, etc.), War* 
renton Junction (for Warren ton), Culpepper, Orange 
Court House, Oorclonsville, Charlottesville (seat 
of the University of Virginia, and with " Monti- 
cello," home of Thomas Jefferson, lying near), Sum- 
mit, and other stations, to the 



184 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

White Sulphur Springs, first of Virginia 
watering places, and one of the most popular of 
general resorts — lying on Howard's Creek, near the 
Western base of the Alleghany Mountains, which 
range is crossed in the latter portion of the transit. 
Virginia has many sulphur and other mineral 
springs; but the traveler without full leisure may 
take the waters of the White Sulphur, their well- 
kept hotels, and their beautiful natural surround- 
ings, as affording the best type of the watering- 
places of the South]. To 

Mount Vernon, old residence and burial-place 
of Washington, lying on the west bank of the Poto- 
mac, eight miles below Alexandria. It is, to Am- 
ericans, unquestionably the most sacred of places on 
the continent, and only less interesting to those 
from other lands. Though somewhat decayed, the 
House (now the property of the Nation, through 
the labors of Edward Everett and the ladies of the 
" Ladies Mount Vernon Association "), commands a 
beautiful view of the river, is in fair preserva- 
tion, and contains many valuable relics, among 
others, pictures and furniture of Washington, the 
Key of the Bastille, presented to him by Lafayette, 
etc. Tlie Tomb, of brick, stands near the house, 
under heavy shade, with an open grated doorway 
through which the sarcophagi of Washington and 
his wife are seen ; with other tombs of the family 
visible without; the archvvay of the tomb bearing 
the simple inscription : " Within this enclosure rest 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 185 

the remains of General George Washington? Not 
far distant is the original Tomb, now crumbling to 
dust. [Readied from Washington by boat ; or by 
boat to Alexandria, and drive, or by drive. If by 
boat, with view of and stop at old Fort Washington, 
once a fortification of some consequence, on the 
eastern side of the Potomac, between Alexandria 
and Mount Vernon. 

Other Excursions from Washington, those to 
Bull Run, scene of the first important battle of 
the secession [reached from Alexandria, by Manas- 
sas Junction], and other fields of the late conflict. 
Also, nearly the same, in different directions, with 
obvious variation of railway routes, as those from 
Baltimore — see close of Division B, this route. 

Division E. 

WASHINGTON, TO AND AT RICHMOND, VA. 

Leave Washington by morning boat on the Poto- 
mac river, to Alexandria, Va., on the right, [See 
previous Division] ; thence by Fort Washington, on 
the left [See same], and Mount Vernon, on the right 
[See same] ; to 

Aquia Creek, small village deriving its only im- 
portance from this transit, at the junction of the 
Creek of that name with the Potomac. Thence rail, 
on the Richmond, Fredericsburg and Potomac road, 
to 

Fredericsburg, on the right bauk of Rappahan- 



186 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

nock Eiver — old town of importance in early Virgi- 
nia history, and especially notable from the fact that 
George Washington was born in the immediate 
neighborhood. This event, so important to the 
Western World and indeed to all mankind, took 
place upon what has long been known as the Wake- 
field Estate, at an inconsiderable distance from the 
town, within *the limits of Westmoreland county; 
and though the birth-place has long been destroyed, 
the spot is commemorated by a stone slab erected 
there by George W. P. Oustis, step-son of Washing- 
ton, in 1815, and bearing the brief inscription: 
"Here, the 11th of February, (0. S.) 1732, George 
Washington ivas Born." The mother of Washington 
resided, late in life, at Fredericsburg, and died and 
was buried there ; her monument, in the outskirts of 
the town, inaugurated by President Jackson in 1833, 
still shamefully remaining unfinished. The house is 
still pointed out, at the corner of Lewis and Charles 
streets, where she saw her distinguished son for the 
last time. Fredericsburg has also a later celebrity, 
as the scene, and in the neighborhood, of a consider- 
able amount of the fighting of the secession war, in 
1862, '63, and later ; and the country in the vicinity 
has by no means recovered from the devastation of 
those conflicts. Fredericsburg, by Milford, Chester, 

Sexton's Junction [connection westward, by Ches- 
apeake and Ohio Eailroad, to Gordonsville, Staunton, 
and White Sulphur Springs,'] to 

Richmond, on the James River, capital of the 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTEERN 187 

State of Virginia, and ever memorable as the later 
seat of the Confederate Government, and the object 
of an investiture and siege by the United States 
forces, that seemed literally hopeless and intermina- 
ble. It lies on the left or north bank of the James, 
at the Lower Falls, or end of that series of rapids ex- 
tending six miles above and supplying the city with 
the needed water-power for its many flonr-mills, to- 
bacco and other manufactories. The most conspic- 
uous object in the city, from the height of its posi- 
tion as well as from other causes, is 

The Capitol, located on Shockoe Hill, a considera- 
ble elevation, and thus looking down upon the major 
portion of the city. It is Greek in the character of 
its architecture, with porticos, and a tall, narrow 
dome, and is generally impressive in effect, though 
the details are by no means faultless. It stands in a 
public square elevated as already named, and com- 
mands a fine view, especially from the portico or 
dome, over the James River, its islands, and a wide 
stretch of country. Internally, there is not much of 
interest in the legislative halls; the principal at- 
traction centering in the splendid marble statue of 
Washington, by Houdon, considered the best extant, 
standing in the central hall, under the dome — and 
in the historical reminiscences, now so varied, inevi- 
tably clustering round the principal place of direc- 
tion of the short-lived Confederacy. 

Other Principal Buildings, worth visit: Richmond 
and St. Vincent Colleges; the City Hall, Custom 



188 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

House and Penitentiary ; and, as special objects of 
interest connected with the war, Castle Thunder and 
the Lilly Prison. Also may be visited with profit, 
some of the many Flouring Mills, in which some of 
the best wheat in the world is prepared. Leading 
Churches: St. John's and the Monumental, with 
many others only less interesting. Other objects of 
interest: the old Lines of Fortification defending the 
city during the siege ; the Rapids (or Falls of the 
James) ; the entrance of the James Eiver and 
Kanawha Canal, etc. Leading Hotel : the Ballard. 
[Principal railway connections from Richmond: 
northward, by routes just traversed, to Washington, 
etc.; eastward to the White House and Chesapeake 
Bay; southward, by Petersburg and Weldon road, to 
Weldon and Wilmington (N. 0.) ; south-westward, 
by Richmond and Danville road, to Greensloro, 
(N. C), and Columlia and Charleston (S. C); 
also south-westward, by South Side and Tennessee 
roads, across the Alleghanies to Xnoxville, (Tenn.) 
and other places in extreme south and west. (See 
routes immediately following.) ] 



ROUTE NO. 10 -SOUTH-WESTERN (SEMI-SKELE- 
TON.) 

RICHMOND, BY RALEIGH, WILMINGTON, COLUMBIA, 

CHARLESTON, ATLANTA, MONTGOMERY AND 

MOBILE, TO NEW ORLEANS. 

Richmond by rail on Petersburg and Weldon road, 
to Petersburg (with fortifications remaining, and 
many other traces of the struggle which had some of 
its fiercest and most destructive conflicts at- and 
around it) ; thence by Hickford Junction, where 
Raleigh and Gaston road is taken, and by Ridgeway 
Junction ; to 

Raleigh, capital of the State of North Carolina, 
on the Neuse River, and named after Sir Walter 
Raleigh. It has an imposing State House, hand- 
some Union Square, State Lunatic Asylum and 
many other objects of interest. From Raleigh ; by 
the North Carolina and Wilmington roads, to 

Wilmington, on the Cape Fear river, largest and 
chief commercial city of the State, with steamers to 
New York; extensive exports of naval stores; some 
good public buildings; Forts Fisher and Caswell 
(bombarded during the war), etc. Wilmington, by 
Columbia and Augusta road to Florence ; thence by 
North-eastern road to 

Charleston, principal city of South Carolina, 



190 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and one of the leading sea-ports of the South [may 
be reached by steamer direct from New York], as 
well as especially celebrated as haying been the spot 
at which the first fighting of the secession occurred, 
and for a long time the stronghold of the Confede- 
rates and object of Federal siege. It lies at the 
confluence of the Ashley and Cooper rivers, has a 
fine harbor, and very strong fortifications, in Forts 
Moultrie, Castle Pinchney, etc., and also the ruins of 
the celebrated Fort Sumter. It has many good pub- 
lic buildings, though many were destroyed during 
the war, from which the city is only slowly recover- 
ing. Among the most interesting buildings are the 
Old State House, (now Court House), New Custom 
House, City Hall, Orphan Asylum, St. Michael's 
Church (with fine old tower), Charleston College, etc. 
Principal Public Ground : the Battery, at the har- 
bor-side. Principal Cemetery: Magnolia Cemetery, 
considered the finest in the South. Leading Hotels : 
the Mills House, Charleston and Pavilion. [Near 
connection south-westward, by Charleston and Sa- 
vannah road, to 

Savannah, principal town of the State of Georgia, 
on south bank of the Savannah river, with remark- 
ably wide streets, fine shade, many notable public 
buildings, revolutionary and secession reminiscences, 
and considered one of the healthiest of the Southern 
cities. Principal Hotels: the Marshall, Pulaski, 
and Scriven. Connection from Savannah south- 
westward to Tallahassee and other towns of Florida.] 



BO UTE NO. 10.— 80 UTS- WESTEBN. 191 

From Charleston, by South Carolina road, by 
Branchville and Kingsville, to 

Columbia, capital of South Carolina, beautifully 
situated on the Congaree river, with what is consid- 
ered the handsomest State- Capitol in the Union, 
the South Carolina College, and many other attrac- 
tions, though burned during the war, and only par- 
tially recovered. Leading Hotel : Nicker son's. From 
Columbia, by Columbia and Augusta road, to 

Augusta, capital of Georgia, and second town in 
the State ; on the Savannah river, with Powder and 
Cotton Factories, a large U. S. Arsenal in the neigh- 
borhood, handsome City Hall, and many attractions 
as a residence. Leading Hotels : the Augusta and 
Planters'. From Augusta, westward, by the Georgia 
road, to 

Atlanta, important railway town of Georgia, being 
at the intersection of the Georgia road west, the At- 
lantic road southward from Chattanooga and Nash- 
ville, the Macon road south to Macon, etc. ; and with 
a certain other interest in its siege during the war, 
and as the point of departure of Sherman, on his 
" March to the Sea." Hotel: the National. From 
Atlanta, by Atlanta and West Point and Montgom- 
ery and West Point roads, by West Point, to 

Montgomery, capital of Alabama, and for a time 
the seat of the Confederate Government, before re- 
moval to Eichmond. It lies on the Alabama river, 
has a commanding site, a Capitol worthy of atten- 
tion, and many other good buildings, though having 



192 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

several times suffered severely by fire. Prominent 
Hotels : the Central and Exchange. From Montgo- 
mery south-westward, by Mobile and Montgomery 
road, by Pollard (Junction : railway connection to 
Pensacola, handsome town on Pensacola Bay, near 
the Gulf of Mexico, with fine harbor, U. S. Naval 
Station, etc. — leading Hotels: Bedell, Winter and 
St. Mary's Hall) ; to 

Mobile, on the Bay of the same name, branch of 
the Gulf of Mexico. It is the most important sea- 
port of Alabama, and, in spite of bad navigation, the 
second of the Great Cotton-ports of the Gulf. It 
has few public buildings of interest, but fine water- 
views, extensive fortifications, and a romantic his- 
toric interest as the scene of Farragut's fearful " pas- 
sage of the Forts" and lashing himself in the shrouds 
of his vessel in the midst of their fire. [Communi- 
cation by steamers and sailing-vessels, to New Ok- 
leahs, Galveston, and many other ports on the 
Gulf.] Leading Hotel: the Battle House. From 
Mobile, by Mobile and Texas road, to 

New Oeleaks, largest city of the State of Loui- 
siana, and first cotton port of the South, as well as 
entrepot for products coming down the Mississippi 
River, of which it lies at near the debouchure into 
the Gulf of Mexico. New Orleans, familiarly called 
the " Crescent City," from its shape on the river, 
used also to be called the " Paris of America," and 
has not quite lost all the characteristics of gaiety 
bestowing the name. It lies on land lower than the 



RO UTE NO. 10.— SO TJTII- WESTERN. 193 

river, rendering necessary a great embankment, cnll- 
c d the Levee, which also supplies both wharves and 
promenades, along which may be seen the most 
marked features of the city. Among the later nota- 
ble events connected, were another "passing of the 
Forts." below, {Forts Jackson and St. Philip) by 
Admiral Farragur, and the occupation of the city by 
the somewhat-unpopular commandant, G-en. B. F. 
Butler. Among the most important buildings are 
the Custom House, Canal street, one of the largest in 
America; the U. S. Branch Mint ; the City Hall; 
Odd Felloivs Hall; Masonic Hall ; Merchants" Ex- 
change ; U. S. Marine Hospital, etc. It has many fine 
churches, with the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. 
Louis the most prominent ; and of its public grounds 
the most notable are the New City Park, Lafayette 
Square, Jackson Square, etc. Most attractive Ceme- 
teries : Cypress Grove, Greemuood, and Monument 
(soldiers'). There are two Monuments of interest: 
the Clay, on Canal street, and the Jackson (unfin- 
ished) on the Battle-field, below the city. One of 
the most interesting features of New Orleans is to 
be found in the Markets, which should be visited 
early in the morning, not only to observe the im- 
mense variety of articles on sale, but the negro, half- 
Spanish and half-French characters of dealers and 
customers. Principal Theatres: the Opera House y 
St. Charles, Varieties and Academy of Music. Prom- 
inent Hotels : the St Charles, St. Louis, St. James, 
and City. Excursions may be made to the Battle- 



194 SHORT-TPdP GUIDE. 

Field, scene of Gen. Jackson's victory over Sir 
Edmund Pakenham, Jan. 8th, 1815, four or five 
miles below the city ; to the U. 8. Barracks, a little 
above ; to LaTce Poncliar train, above the city (famous 
for fishing and shooting, in the season) ; to the 
Delta and the Mouths of the Mississippi, some 
twenty-five miles below. 

[New Orleans has regular communication, by 
steamer, to New York ; to Havana (Cuba) ; to 
Galveston (Texas) ; and nearly all important Gulf 
ports. Also by steamer up the Mississippi, to Mem- 
phis, Cairo, St. Louis, and all important towns on 
that river. Also by rail, by Jaclcson (Miss.) to Mem- 
phis ; and thence to all towns and cities in the 
North, North-east or North-west.] 



ROUTE NO. 11 -SOUTHWESTERN (SKELETON.) 

WASHINGTON" OR RICHMOND, BY LYNCHBURG, 
KNOXVILLE AND CHATTANOOGA, TO 
MOBILE AND NEW ORLEANS. . 

Washington by rail, by Alexandria; and by 
Orange, Alexandria and Manassas road (by Manassas 
Junction), to Charlottesville (Juncrion — connection 
westward to Staunton, etc.) ; thence direct to Lynch- 
burg. Or, Richmond by South Side road to Burlc- 
■ville (Junction — intersection with Richmond and 
Danville road, southward) ; thence direct by Appo- 
mattox, and other stations, to 

Lynchburg, on the James River, and the James 
Eiver and Kanawha Canal — important tobacco-depot 
and flourishing cown. [Most convenient railway 
point, from which to reach, by canal-packet or car- 
riage, those great natural curiosities, the Natural 
Bridge and the (Mountain) Peaks of Otter.'] From 
Lynchburg, by Virginia and Tennessee Road, by 
Bonsach's [stage connection to White Sulphur and 
other Springs] ; Big Tunnel [passage of the Alle- 
ghany Mountains; horse-car connection to Allegha- 
ny Springs] ; Bristol, and other Stations, to 

Knoxville, important town of the State of Tennes- 
see, on the Holston River, with the University of 



196 SHORT- TRIP Q UIDE. 

East Tennessee, many railway connections, and much 
popularity as a place of residence. Knoxville to 

Chattanooga, on the Tennessee river, near the 
boundaries of Alabama and Georgia, and one of the 
most important railway centres of the south-west; 
but additionally celebrated, since the war, for the 
battles of Cliickamauga and Lookout Mountain, 
fought in the immediate neighborhood. In the 
vicinity of the Lookout (easily visited from Chatta- 
nooga,) is to be found scenery of equal grandeur and 
loveliness. Hotel: the Crutchfield House. Chatta- 
nooga, by the Alabama and Chattanooga road, by 
Tuscaloosa and other important stations, to 

Meridian, railway town of the State of Mississippi, 
[with connections east to Montgomery, west to Jack- 
son (capital of the State), north of Memphis, etc.] 
From Meridian, by the Mobile and Ohio road, direct 
to Mobile and New Orleans, as in Route No. 10. 



ROUTE NO. 12. -WESTERN. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, HARRISBURG, PITTS- 
BURG, WHEELING, COLUMBUS AND CINCINNATI, 
BY PENNSYLVANIA CENTRAL ROAD AND 
CONNECTIONS. 

Division A, 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA JUNC- 
TION. 

Leave New York (as by Route No. 8) by the New 
Jersey road, by Jersey City, Newark, Elizabeth, 
Railway, New Brunswick, Trenton, etc., to Phila- 
delphia, if for stop at that city; if for through pas- 
sage to the West, without stop at Philadelphia, New 
York by the same towns to Mantua Junction, 
where close through-connection is made. 

Division B. 

PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA JUNCTION, TO AND AT 
HARRISBURG. 

Leave Philadelphia (West Philadelphia), or Man- 
tua Junction, if without stop at Philadelphia, by 
rail, by the Pennsylvania Central road; by Down- 
ington [connection northward for Waynesburg] ; 
by Coatesville [connection northward for Beading, 
southward for Wilmington ], etc. ; to 

Lancaster, pleasantly situated on the Conestoga 
Creek, in a tine agriculi ural section ; seat of Franklin. 



198 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and Marshall College-, with Court House and other 
creditable buildings, and interesting series of Canal 
Locks in the neighborhood, at mouth of the creek. 
Was for some years, at beginning of the century, the 
seat of government of Pennsylvania. Leading Ho- 
tels : the City, and Michael's. Lancaster, by Branch 
Intersection [connection northward to Reading^ 
southward for Columbia, York, etc.], Mt. Joy and 
Middletown, to 

Hareisbueg, capital of the State of Pennsylvania, 
on the east bank of the Susquehanna river (origi- 
nally " Harris' Ferry " over that river). The most 
notable building is the Capitol, on high ground,, 
with fine view from the dome, with State Library, 
Legislative Chambers, etc. Also should be visited, 
the Court House; the Old Harris Mansion; and 
some of the extensive Iron and Steel Works in Hie 
vicinity ; as wpII as the remains of the earthworks 
thrown up to defend the city against the Confeder- 
ates, with burning of bridges, in 1863. Principal 
street; Front Street. Principal Public Ground; 
Harris Park. Prominent Hotels; the Lochiel, 
Jones House, and Bolton's. [Important railway con- 
nections from Harrisburg : by Lebanon Valley road, 
east to Lebanon and Reading ; by Northern Central 
road, southeast to Baltimore, etc. ; by the same 
road northward to Elmira and the Erie Railway and 
its connections ; by Cumberl.md Valley road, south- 
westward for Carlisle, Chamber sburg, etc. ; by Phila- 
delphia and Erie road, northwestward for Williams- 
port, Corry, Erie and Oil Regions.] 



BOUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 199 

Division G. 

HARRISBURG TO AND AT PITTSBURG, WHEELING, ETC. 

From Harrisburg, continuing by Pennsylvania 
Central road; by Lewistown [connection north- 
ward for Milroy, northeastward for Sunbury, etc.] ; 
by Tyrone [connection northeastward to Loch Haven 
and the Philadelphia and Erie road, northwest to 
Clearfield, etc.] ; to 

Altoona, at the commencement of the ascent of 
the Alleghany Mountains ; great locomotive-shop of 
the Pennsylvania Central Company; and sur- 
rounded by magnificent mountain-scenery, making 
a sojourn very pleasant in summer. Hotel : the 
Logan House. [Spur southward to Martinsburg, 
and stage thence to Bedford Springs.] From Al- 
toona should be made, by daylight, to enjoy the fine 
scenery, the 

Railway ascent of the Alleghanies, with features 
quite as grand as most of the Alpine rail-routes, 
and double power necessary in drawing up the 
trains. An immense Tunnel, nearly three-quar- 
ters of a mile in length, is passed through before 
reaching the summit, at 

Cresson (Cresson Springs), a popular summer- 
resort, on account of its elevation and healthful 
air. Hotel : the Mountain House. [Spur north- 
ward to Ebensburg.] From Cresson the descent of the 
AUeghanies is made, without the use of steam, the 
speed being regulated by brake-power; to Conemaugh 
Station ; and to Johnstown, with the extensive Cam- 



200 SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE. 

brialron Works in the neighborhood, and heavy man- 
ufactures. Hotel : the Scott House. From Johns- 
town, by Blairsville [connection northward for In- 
diana, northwestward to Freeport and points on Al- 
legheny Valley road] ; by Greensburg, etc., to 

Pittsburg, on the head- waters of the Ohio river, 
at the confluence of the Alleghany and Monon- 
gahela, and on the spot once occupied by the 
old Fort Duquesne, scene of the defeat of General 
Braddock ("Braddock's Field") in the English and 
French colonial war. In Pittsburg (named after 
William Pitt); in Alleghany City (across the river, 
with no less than 5 connecting bridges) ; in Bir- 
mingham, LawrenceviMe and other suburbs — is con- 
centrated the most extensive chain of manufactures, 
in iron, glass, steel, brass, wooden- wares, etc., 
on the American Continent, and scarcely if at all 
second, in those regards, to any city of the world. It 
is also an immense coal and oil centre, with the 
most extensive refineries of the latter; and the other 
industries are almost innumerable ; while the coal- 
smoke of so many factories gives to Pittsburg the 
unenviable distinction of having the worst-clouded 
and dirtiest atmosphere in America. 

After the Manufactories, the most important ob- 
jects to the visitor, in Pittsburg, are the Roman 
Catholic Cathedral; Presbyterian and Baptist 
Churches; Court House; Custom House; (with 
Post Office); new City Hall ; Mercantile Library 
Hall, etc.; and in Alleghany City, the Theological 
Seminaries, Western Penitentiary, etc., and more 



ROUTE NO. 12.-WESTBRK 201 

elegaut residences of the citizens. There are no 
less than four Cemeteries: the Alleghany; St. 
Mary's ; Hilldale ; and Mt. Union. Leading Ho- 
tels : the Monongahela, TJnion^ St. Charles, and 
Merchants'. 

[Railway connections from Pittsburg are very 
general. Northward, by the Alleghany Valley road, 
to Venango, Oil City, and the Oil Regions generally; 
eastward by route just traversed ; westward, to places 
named, by the Pittsburg, Cincinnati and St. Louis 
and Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago roads; 
northwestward to Cleveland, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, and to Erie by the Erie and Pittsburg 
road; southeastward to Cumberland, Harper's Ferry, 
etc., by the Pittsburg and Baltimore and Washing- 
ton road. There is also steamboat communication, 
down the Ohio river to Wheeling, and thence to 
Cincinnati, during the open season.] 

From Pittsburg, by Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road to 

Wheeling, West Virginia, a large and important 
town, lying at the debouchure of Wheeling Creek 
into the Ohio river — with manufactures of the same 
character as those of Pittsburg, only second to them 
in extent. Apart from its Manufactures, the two 
greatest points of interest are the Wire Suspension 
Bi'idge of the National Road, with 1,000 feet of span ; 
and the new and splendid Raihvay Bridge. Oil and 
coal trade also immense, as at Pittsburg. [Railway 
connection southeastward by the Baltimore and Ohio 
road to Harper's Ferry, Baltimore and Washington ; 



202 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

eastward to Pittsburg and northwestward to Cleve- 
land and Lake Erie, by the Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road. Or, by Baltimore and Ohio road, from 
Wheeling by Belle Air ; and Zanesyille, thriving 
and handsome town on the Muskingum River, 
with immense water power and fine railroad-bridge 
— [connection southwestward. by Cincinnati and 
Muskingum Valley road, to Cincinnati} : to New- 
ark, Columbus, etc. Steamboat communication to 
Pittsburg, and down the Ohio to Cincinnati 
during the open season. Hempfield railway will 
connect directly to Pittsburg when completed.] 

Division D. 

PITTSBURG TO AND AT COLUMBUS, OHIO. 

From Pittsburg, by rail, on the Pittsburg, Cin- 
cinnati and St. Louis road (or from Wheeling by 
rail to same point) ; by 

Steubenville, pleasant village on the Ohio river, 
county seat of Jefferson County, with many manu- 
factures and fine scenery in the neighborhood; 
by Mingo Junction [connection northwestward to 
Cleveland, eastward to Rochester, etc.] ; by Dennison, 
Coshocton, and Dresden Junction [connection 
south to Zanesyille, etc.] ; to 

Newark, handsome and thriving town on the 
Licking river, with extensive railway connections: 
roads to Sandusky and Lake Erie, to Zanesville and 
the south, intersecting. From Newark to 

Columbus, on the Scioto River, capital of the 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 203 

State of Ohio, and one of the most important towns 
of the state. It is beautifully laid out and very 
handsomely shaded; Broadway, its main street,. 
being considered unsurpassed in any laud. The 
Capitol is nearly new and very imposing (lying on 
the elegant public ground, Capitol Square) ; and 
there are, of other public buildings of interest, 
the City Hall ; U. S. Arsenal, with fine high 
grounds ; State Penitentiary ; Central Ohio Lunatic 
Asylum (building, in place of that burned in 1868); 
Blind and Deaf and Dumb Asylums; Starling 
Medical College ; St. Mary's Female Seminary, etc. 
Also worthy of attention are the Holly Water 
Works, with steam raising-power. Other Public 
Grounds than the one already named and the fine 
ones surrounding most of the public buildings : the- 
City and Ooodale Parks, and those of the Franklin 
Agricultural Society. Most popular Cemetery: 
Green Lawn. Theatre : the Opera House. Hotel : 
the Neil House. [Railway conections extensive : 
eastward by the route just traversed ; northward by 
the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indian- 
apolis road, to Toledo, Cleveland, etc. ; south-west- 
ward to Cincinnati (as see route following) ; south- 
eastward to Athens and the Baltimore and Ohio 
road; etc.] 

Division E. 

COLUMBUS TO AND AT CINCINNATI. 

From Columbus, by the Little Miami road ; 
by London ; by Xcnia % very handsome town, with 



204 SHOE Z - TRIP O UIDE. 

water-power and manufactures, on the Little 
Miami river [connection westward for Dayton 
.and Richmond] ; by Morrow [connection east with 
the Cincinnati and Muskingum Valley road] ; by 
Loveland, [connection east by the Marietta and 
Cincinnati road, for Marietta, and the Baltimore 
and Ohio road] ; to 

Cincinnati, on the Ohio river, called the "Queen 
City," principally built upon two terraces sloping 
back from the river ; while opposite it, and divided 
from it by the Ohio river, are the large towns 
of Newport and Covington, in the State of Ken- 
tucky. Cincinnati is considered very handsome, 
&nd, though hot in summer, healthy ; and it ranks 
well in manufactures, and commercially among 
the first of western cities. 

Among the public buildings of prominence are 
the Custom House (with Post Office attached), on 
Fourth Street ; the City Hall (with neat grounds), 
Plum Street ; the Court House, Main Street ; Cin- 
cinnati College, Walnut Street ; St. Xavier's College 
{Catholic) Sycamore Street; Convent of Notre Dame, 
Sixth Street; House of Refuge, north of the city; 

City Workhouse, near the latter; Cincinnati Hos- 
pital, Twelfth Street; etc. Principal Churches: 
St. John's (Epis.) ; St. Paul's (Meth. Epis.) ; First 
Baptist; St. Peter's Cathedral (Catholic); First 
Preslyterian, etc., though with many others credi- 
table. Places of Amusement: the National and 

Wood's Theatres; Pikes Music Hall', Melodion; 
Gymnasium ; Queen City Skating Rink, etc. 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 205 

Prominent Hotels : the Burnet, Spencer, Gibson? 
St. James, Carlisle, etc. 

Public Grounds: Eden Park, east of the city,. 
elevated and with fine view ; Fountain Square, with 
magnificent bronze fountain lately presented by Mr.. 
Henry Probasco; City, Lincoln, Washington and 
Hopkins Parks. Cemeteries : Spring Grove, one of 
the handsomest in the West, northwest of the city, 
with splendid avenues of approach, and a fine sol- 
diers' monument ; Si. Bernard, Wesleyan, and others 
minor. Other Objects of Interest: the great Sus- 
pension Bridge over the Ohio, with longest span in 
the world ; the Licking Bridge, also a suspension,, 
and only less remarkable in length; the Railroatt 
Bridge (new) ; remains of entrenchments thrown up 
during the Confederate " siege " ; the Levee, along 
the river, with steamboat-landings and a very fine 
idea of the industry of the city; steamboat-building- 
yards; and many of the very extensive Manufac- 
tories, with diversified products. 

[Railway connections : eastward, by route just trav- 
ersed—also, by Marietta and Cincinnati, and Chesa 
peake and Ohio roads to Richmond, etc. ; northeast- 
ward by the Little Miami and other roads, to Cleve- 
land, Sandusky, etc. ; northward, by Cincinnati, 
Hamilton and Dayton road, to Toledo; northwest- 
ward, by same road and connections, to Chicago ; 
westward, by Ohio and Mississippi road, by Vin- 
cennes to St. Louis and the Mississippi river. 

Also, steamboat transit on the Ohio river, to all 
points on that stream, to Cairo and the Mississippi.] 



ROUTE NO. 13 -WESTERN. 

NEW YORK TO EASTON (PA.), HARRISBURG, PITTS- 
BURG, FORT WAYNE AND CHICAGO ; BY THE 
ALLENTOWN ROUTE. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO EASTON, HARRISBURG AND PITTS- 
BURG. 

Leave New York, by boats of New Jersey Central 
Railroad, from foot of Liberty Street, to Communi- 
paw (lower Jersey City); thence by cars of that 
road, by Bergen Point, and over Long Bridge across 
Newark Bay ; to Elizabethport (station — at the left 
the town and great coal depot of that name) ; and to 
Elizabeth [intersection with New Jersey road, 
eastward to New York, and westward to Phila- 
delphia: See Eonte No. 8, New York to Phila- 
delphia]. Elizabeth, by other stations, to 

Plainfield, pleasant village and favorite summer- 
residence, lying at near the foot of the Orange 
Mountains, a minor spur of the Blue Ridge, and 
with a remarkable eminence at a short distance to 
the north, called "Washington's Rock," from which 
that general is said sometimes to have watched the 
movements of the British forces. By Bound-Brooh 
on the Raritan River, and at the opening of the Valley 
of the same name, to 



ROUTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 207 

Somerville, county seat of Somerset County^ 
very handsomely situated, with fine quiet scenery in 
the neighborhood, some copper and iron mines, and 
much genera] prosperity. [Connection by South 
Branch Eoad to Flemington and Lambertville.] By 
other stations to the 

High Bridge, (or rather very long and high em- 
bankment) over the South Branch of the Earitan 
Eiver, with fine view in crossing, and large Iron- 
works in the neighborhood, for railroad-founding. 
Very soon is reached 

Hampton Junction [connection with the Delaware, 
Lackawanna and Western Eailway, for the Delaware 
Water Gap, Scranton, the Coal Eegions of Pennsyl- 
vania, and the Erie road at Binghampton.] By 
Bloomsbury and other stations, to 

Philipsburg, on the New Jersey side of the Dela- 
ware, with heavy iron-manufactures, and three 
bridges connecting it with Easton, on the opposite 
side of the river. Also with important railway con- 
nections, for Central New Jersey, Philadelphia, and 
northward to the Delaware Water Gap and the 
Coal Regions. Crossing the river by bridge, the train 
reaches 

Easton, Pennsylvania, on the western bank of 
the Delaware, at the double junction of the Lehigh 
and the Bushkill, and one of the most important of 
the coal and railway centres of the two adjoining 
States, with extensive mills, distilleries and general 
manufactures. It is also the seat (on an eminence 



208 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

known as Mount Lafayette, at the east of the town) 
of Lafayette College, a flourishing and well-endowed 
institution, rapidly growing in influence. [Exten- 
sive railroad connection, apart from the line of route 
being traversed ; as in addition to that mentioned by 
both the New Jersey Central and the Delaware and 
Lackawanna to New York, it has also connection 
northward to the Water Gap and the Coal Regions; 
southward to Philadelphia; the Lehigh Valley 
road northward to Pittston; the Lehigh Canal in 
the same direction ; and the Morris Canal through 
the State of New Jersey to Raritan Bay.] 

Leave Easton by Lehigh Valley road ; by Bethle- 
hem, pleasant town on the Lehigh river; seat of 
Lehigh University ; and long celebrated as the prin- 
cipal abode of the Moravians, or United Brethren, 
in the United States. [Connection southward with 
North Pennsylvania road for Philadelphia, and 
northward for Scranton and the Coal Regions.] 

From Bethlehem, by E. Penn. Junction [con- 
nection with East Pennsylvania road] ; to 

Allentowk, handsome town on high ground 
near the Lehigh river, with large iron and other 
manufactures, and much charm as a residence. 
Has Big Rock and several popular mineral springs 
in the neighborhood. Hotel: the American. [Con- 
nections, northward by the Lehigh Valley road to 
the Coal Regions and the Erie road ; westward by 
present route to Reading, etc.] 

Allentown, by East Pennsylvania road, to 



RO UTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 209 

Reading, large and important manufacturing 
town on the Schuylkill river, especially notable for 
mills, iron-furnaces and railroad work. It has a 
high and handsome sloping location, with a con- 
siderable eminence, Penn's Mount, near, command- 
ing fine view. It has a noble Court Rouse ; two or 
three Churches of especial beauty; and Mineral 
Springs in the neighborhood, with hotels of popu- 
lar resort. Leading Hotel (in the town), the Man- 
sion House. [Connection, northward, to Cataiuissa 
and Hazleton (Coal Regions), and southeast to Phil- 
adelphia by the Philadelphia and Reading road.] 
Reading to 

Lebanon, on the Swatara Creek, county seat of 
Lebanon County, and a prosperous town, with the 
most immense (Cornwall) Iron Ore Beds in the neigh- 
borhood, known to exist in the world ; also Copper 
Ore in large quantities, and Marble. From Lebanon 
to 

HAREiSBrjEG. (For notes on Harrisburg, see 
previous Route, No. 12.) 

[Harrisburg to Pittsburg, as by Route No. 12, 
preceding ; whether for CJiicago, Cincinnati, or St. 
Louis. 1 

Division B, 

PITTSBURG TO FORT WAYNE AND CHICAGO. 

[At Pittsburg, previous route, No. 12, may be 
pursued, from that point to Columbus and Cincin- 
nati^ with extension to St, Louis; or other lines 



210 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

pursued (see that route) northward to the Lakes, 
southward to the Baltimore and Ohio road, etc.] 

Leave Pittsburg, for Chicago or places on that 
line, by Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago road ; 
by Rochester (small town on the Beaver Creek — with 
connection southwestward, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, to Wheeling and west) ; by Homewood 
[connection northward for Newcastle, etc.] ; by Lee- 
tonia [connection southward to New Lisbon, etc.] \ 
by Salem, very handsome small town, with fine 
suburbs, and manufactures] ; to 

Alliance, important station [connection north- 
ward, by Cleveland and Pittsburg road, to Cleveland; 
goutnward to Steubenville, etc.] Prom Alliance, by 
Canton and Massillon, handsome manufacturing 
towns ; by Orrville [connection northward to Akron" 
and Cleveland] ; by Mansfield, another handsome 
manufacturing town [connections north ward to San- 
dusky, southward to Zanesville, southwestward to 
Dayton, Hamilton and Cincinnati] ; to 

Crestline, another important railway town. [Con- 
nections southward by the Cleveland, Columbus, 
Cincinnati and Indianapolis road, to Columbus; 
northward by the Sandusky road to Sandusky ; 
northeastward to Cleveland by the Cleveland, Co- 
lumbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis road ; north- 
westward to Toledo and Detroit by same road and 
connections]. From Crestline, by Bucyrus, thriving 
village on the Sandusky Eiver ; by Forest [connec- 
tions north to Cleveland, south to Cincinnati] ; by 



ROUTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 2U 

Lima, manufacturing village on the Ottawa river 
[connections southward by Cincinnati, Hamilton 
and Dayton road, to Dayton and Cincinnati ; north- 
ward by the same road to Toledo and Detroit] ; by 
minor stations, to 

Fort Wayne, Indiana, on the Maumee river — 
called the "Summit City"; because it lies at the 
highest point of the water-shed. It is passed 
through by the Wabash and Erie Canal, and is an 
important railway centre as well as a manufacturing 
town of promise. [Connections : northeastward to 
Toledo, Lake Erie and Detroit, by Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road ; westward by the same road and 
connections, to LoganspoH and thence to Peoria 
and towns of Central Illinois; northward to the 
Michigan Southern road, at Waterloo, etc.] From 
Fort Wayne, by Columbia : by Warsaw ; by Ply- 
mouth [connection southward to Indianapolis, 
capital of the State, by Indianapolis, Peru and Chi- 
cago road] ; by Wanatah [connection southward by 
the Louisville and New Albany road, to Lafayette 
and to Louisville, Ky.] ; by Valparaiso, to that 
city which has furnished, both in fortune and mis- 
foriune, the best possible type of American capaci- 
ties in either direction, and which has been, and 
will continue to be, quite as often in men's mouths 
as any other on the Western Continent — 



212 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Chicago, Illinois. 

Division G. 

CHICAGO AS IT WAS AND IS. 

The history of the wor!d furnishes no parallel to 
the change between the two words just given, the 
" was " and " is " of the lately-great and yet-to-be- 
greater city of Chicago. When a considerable por- 
tion of the material of this book was already in type, 
Chicago stood, as it had been for thirty or forty 
years growing up to be, the actual Queen City of the 
West, one of the most important of the Union, and 
the greatest grain mart and depot of the world, as 
well as one of the most important railroad centres 
of the entire continent. It lay on the western shore 
of Lake Michigan, at near the southern boundary of 
that Lake, at the entrance of the Chicago river into 
it. It had its first white settlement in 1804, by Col. 
John Kinzie ; and so late as 1830 contained only 
15 houses. It was incorporated as a city, seven 
years later, in 1837 — the population at that time 
being 4,170. In 1843 this had increased to 7,580 ; 
in 1847 to 16,859; in 1850 to 28,269; in 1855 
to 80,023 ; in 1860 to 109,263 ; in 1865 to 178,539; 
and in 1870 to the round figures of 300,000, while 
the suburban population was supposed to raise it to 
350,000. 

The site of the city was admirably chosen, on 
ground sloping up from the Lake, and with the 



BO UTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 213 

Chicago River, dividing into two brandies, running 
through the entire city, at once adding to commer- 
cial convenience and healthfulness. Numerous 
costly bridges and many tunnels made the con- 
nection across the rivers. The city was divided into 
20 wards, with nearly 800 streets. The river and 
the ship canals afforded many miles of excellent 
harbor, to which came vessels from all parts of the 
great lakes, with and for produce of every description* 
The grain warehouses were of such extent as to ac- 
commodate 8,000,000 to 10,000,000 bushels; while 
the yearly exportation had reached to about 60,000,000 
to 65,000,000 bushels. It had also a most extensive 
trade in cattle and stock, the whole yearly num- 
ber handled, reaching 2,500,000 ; besides provision, 
lumber, and transportation trade to immense 
amounts. Within the last year or two, on the com- 
pletion of the Pacific Railway, Chicago had com- 
menced to import her teas and silks direct from In- 
dia, and was arranging a heavy trade in that direc- 
tion. There were several of the largest and finest 
railway-depots on the Continent, to accommodate its 
immense connection as the very largest of the rail- 
way-centres. It had streets among the most ele- 
gant in the West, in Michigan, Wabash and other 
avenues : and many of the houses of residents were 
princely in their luxury. There were more than 
200 Churches; 12 or 15 of the largest and finest 
of Hotels, some of them marvels of size and cost ; an 
Opera-House and 5 Theatres of good class ; an Uni- 



214 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

versity; Medical Colleges; splendid public Parks 
and Cemeteries ; and a wilderness of scientific, 
social and benevolent institutions, second to none 
in the Western World. In addition to this, and a 
feature unequalled elsewhere — a Tunnel had been 
constructed to a Tower two miles distant in the 
Lake, whence the water-supply of the city was 
derived. 

Such, hastily sketched, was the position of Chi- 
cago on the 8th of October, 1871. On the night of 
that day, a fire broke out at near the centre of 
the city, though in an older and wooden portion* 
A fierce wind made vain all efforts for staying the 
flames, which extended on every side, and eventu- 
ally acquired such force that buildings considered 
fire-proof could not resist the heat five minutes 
when attacked. By the morniug of the 10th the 
city was literally destroyed — the whole central and 
business part of it entirely so. Some 10,000 build- 
ings were burned ; 500 to 1,000 persons are sup- 
posed to have lost their lives ; 50,000 to 75,000 per- 
sons were rendered houseless ; and the pecuniary 
loss is estimated to have reached $200,000,000. 
Chicago, the Queen of the West, was no more— -for 
the present. 

A most gratifying spectacle of general benevo- 
lence, however, has been shown, in connection with 
this great calamity, not only in all the cities of 
America, but in those of England and of all Europe; 
and the extremity of suffering has bec-n materially 



ROUTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 215 

relieved by contributions from all quarters, which 
will no doubt continue during the following 
months of helplessness and want. Meanwhile, the 
rebuildiDg of the city was commenced at once, and 
is already proceeding rapidly ; and, though years 
must elapse before the terrible marks of the visi- 
tation are obliterated, all the industries of Chicago 
will soon be in full even if limited operation. 
Already, all its railway facilities as a great centre, 
temporarily deranged, are again fully supplied ; and 
the thousands of visitors, who would have gone 
to see it as a curiosity of Western greatness and 
prosperity, will still do so, to see it in its prostration 
and rapid revival, with all the facilities of transit 
and accommodation that would have been originally 
enjoyed. It is impossible to say, at this early day, 
what Hotels will be in readiness to accommodate 
visitors, but certainly two or three of excellent class 
and capacity. 

[Among the widely-extended railway connections 
of Chicago, are the following of most importance. 
Northward to Milwauhie, thence to Green Bay, and 
beyond, to the Lake Superior sections, by the Chi- 
cago and Northwestern road and its connections; 
northwestward to Janesville, Madisox (capital of 
Wisconsin), thence to Prairie da CMen, and to St. 
Paul and the Falls of St. A nthony, by the same road 
and its connections; westward to Cedar Rapids and 
Des Moines (Iowa), by the Iowa division of the same 
road; south westward to Burlington (Iowa), and 



216 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Mississippi River, by the Chicago, Burlington 
and Quincy road : southward to St. Louis, by the 
Chicago and Alton road ; southward to Cairo (junc- 
tion of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers) by the Illi- 
nois Central road ; westward to Omaha, and thence 
to Salt Lake City and San" Francisco, by the 
Chicago and Northwestern, Chicago and Rock 
Island, and other routes; southeastward to Cin- 
cinnati, by the Columbus, Chicago and Indiana 
Central road; eastward to Philadelphia and 
New York by the route just traversed — as also by 
Toledo, Cleveland and the Lake Shore road — as also 
(with all Canadian cities and connections) by De- 
troit and the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada. 
Also, steamers on the Lakes, to all important points, 
in the season.] 



ROUTE NO. U-WESTERN. 

CINCINNATI TO LOUISVILLE (MAMMOTH CAVE), 
NASHVILLE, CAIRO, ST. LOUIS AND CHICAGO. 

Division A. 

CINCINNATI TO LOUISVILLE, NASHVILLE AND ST. 

LOUIS. 

Leave Cincinnati by the Louisville, Cincinnati 
and Lexington road (from Covingtoii — opposite side 
of the river) ; by Walton, Sparta, Lexington Junc- 
tion [connection southward for Lexington and Ash- 
land, old home of Henry Clay, near it; and, by 
stage from Eminence, for Shelby ville] ; by Lagrange, 
and Anchorage [connection with Shelby road], to 
Louisville. (Or, steamer down the Ohio from Cincin- 
nati, in the pleasant season). 

Louisville, located on the Ohio river, at the 
Falls and near the entrance of Bear-Grass Creek, is 
the largest and most important city of Kentucky. 
It is well located and shaded ; and the views of the 
Falls, from various points of the city, are much ad- 
mired. The most important trade of the city is in 
tobacco, of which it is one of the central marts : 
also extensively in flour, provisions, hemp, etc. The 
most interesting public buildings are th<- City Hall, 



218 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Court House, Custom House (with Post-office), Uni- 
versity Medical College, Masonic Temple, Blind 
Asylum, the Cathedral, St. Paul's Church, etc. 
Principal theatre : the Louisville. Leading Hotels : 
the Louisville, and National. Principal Cemetery : 
Cave Hill, with many monuments of merit. At the 
opposite side of the river is Jeffersohville, In- 
diana [railway connection to Indianapolis]. 

[It is from Louisville that detour may be most 
conveniently made to visit the 

Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, one of the most 
extensive subterranean passages in the world, and 
considered among the most interesting. Or, it may 
be taken on the way from Louisville to Nashville, as 
at present to be considered]. 

Leave Louisville by the Louisville and Nashville 
road, to Cave City, whence stage or carriage, 9 miles 
to the Cave (or, steamer from Louisville, on the 
Green River, to within 1 mile of the Cave — thence 
on foot). A Hotel, the Cave House, affords facilities 
for stoppage, during the exploration, which may be 
brief, but must, for any approach to thoroughness, 
require days of interest and toil, always accompanied 
by a guide, and with lights and means of relighting, 
without either of which it is not safe to enter. For 
particulars of the chambers, passages, and various 
parts of interest in this wonderful cave, which is 
believed to extend eight or nine miles back from the 
entrance, dependance may be made entirely upon 
the capable and instructed guides, procurable at the 



ROUTE NO. 14— WESTERN. 219> 

hotel or the entrance. Three other Caves — the In- 
dian, Wliite's, and Diamond, may be found in the 
vicinity: the two former with peculiarly handsome 
stalactite and stalagmite formations, miniatures of 
those in the great cave. 

From Cave City (after return from the Cave) con- 
tinue route by Louisville and Nashville road ; by 
Bowling Green; Memphis Junction [connection 
southwest for Memphis and the Mississippi river] ♦ 
by Junction [connection northwest by Henderson 
road to Henderson, and Evansville (Ind.) ; to 

Nashville, Capital of the State of Tennessee,, 
and one of the most important cities of the middle 
southwest. It lies on the Cumberland river, on ele- 
vated ground, much of the city lying nearly or quito 
100 feet above the water level, and being considered 
very healthy. The most prominent building, the 
State Capitol, is considered one of the finest in the 
Union, having admirable legislative halls, splendid: 
material of native marbles, a tower, State Library,, 
etc. Other buildings of prominence are the Univer- 
sity, the City Hall, Lunatic Asylum, Penitentiary r 
etc. Theatres: the Nashville, and Duffield's.. 
Prominent Hotels : the St. Cloud, and Stacey* 
Nashville bas many handsome residences; and the 
tone of its society is considered equal if not superior 
to that of any other city of the South. Very near it 
may be visited the Hermitage, old seat of Andrew 
Jackson. [Extensive railway connections; east ta 
Knoxville ; southeast to Stevenson; southward, by 



-220 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Nashville and Decatur and connecting roads, to 
Montgomery (Ala.), and thence to the Gulf Cities ; 
northward, by Evansville road, to Vincennes and 
Terre Haute; south westward to Memphis, by Nash- 
ville and North Western road, and connections; 
northwestward to St. Louis, etc.] 

From Nashville, by North Western road, by Wav- 
erley ; Johnsonville ; McKenzie [connection south- 
westward, by Memphis and Louisville road, for 
Memphis, and for Little Roclc (Arkansas)] ; by Pa- 
ducah Junction [connection north to Paducah ] ; to 

Union City, where connection is made with the 
Mobile and Ohio road. By that road to 

Columbus, on the Mississippi River; with Bel- 
mont, Missouri, opposite, connecting the route just 
traversed with the St. Louis and Iron Mountain road 
to St. Louis. 

From Columbus the Mississippi may be ascended, 
by boat, to 

Cairo, modern town, very low-lying, on the point 
formed by the confluence of the Ohio and the Missis- 
sippi, with costly levee against inundations by the 
river, and much prominence as a steamboat port of 
the Mississippi, vessels from and to all ports stop- 
ping here to land and receive passengers and freight. 
Has some noble buildings ; among the best, the 
Custom House. [Railway connection, from Cairo, or 
from Mound City, immediately above, with the Illi- 
nois Central Road, direct for Chicago. Or, steam- 
■boat may be taken for St. Louis or any other point 



ROUTE NO. 14— WESTERN. 221 

on the Mississippi. Or, steamboat may be taken for 
Louisville or Cincinnati]. 

For St. Louis, from Bird's Point (opposite Cairo) 
to Cliarlesion ; where the St. Louis and Iron Moun- 
tain road is taken. By Glen Allen, Marquand, and 
other stations, to Bismarck (where pause should be 
made, if time allows, to visit, by a spur of the same 
road, Iron Mountain, Pilot Knob and Ironton, with 
some of the most extraordinary developments of 
richness in iron mines, on the continent). Bis- 
marck, by Mineral Point [spur to Potosi] and other 
stations, to St. Louis. 

Division B. 

AT ST. LOUIS ; AND BY SPKINGFIELD TO CHICAGO. 

St. Louis, Missouri, is ooe of the largest and most 
important cities of the West, focus of mercantile 
supply for a wide extent of country, virtual Queen 
of the Mississippi, and often spoken of as the point 
for removal of the National Capital. It lies on the 
west bank of the Mississippi river, at what is sup- 
posed to be about half-way between St. Paul, at the 
head of navigation on the Missouri, and New Orleans,, 
at the mouth of the Mississippi. It occupies elevated 
ground, though uneven ; has a very long extent on 
the river, and an imposing appearance from it. It 
has wide streets, with good shade; handsome parks ; 
substantial residences ; and one feature command- 
ing unmixed admiration, in the Levee, at which 



222 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the most immense number of steamboats can 
at any time be seen lying, loading, discharging, 
arriving and departing, observable at any one spot 
on the globe. Front Street, along the Levee, is one 
of the finest of mercantile and warehouse streets in 
the Union ; while Washington and Grand Avenues, 
and Fourth Street, are among the most fashionable 
thoroughfares. 

St Louis is singularly rich in Parks; the most 
notable being Lafayette, Hyde, Laclede and Gravois 
Paries, in the outskirts ; Washington and Missouri, 
and smaller squares; with St. Louis Park just 
being commenced, to contain more than 3,000 acres 
and rival the Fairmount at Philadelphia. The Fair 
Grounds are also very beautiful and perfect, as well 
as popular, with an Amphitheatre for spectators, esti- 
mated to accommodate 80,000 to 90,000 persons ; and 
the Botanical Gardens are considered the best on 
the continent. The Principal Cemeteries are the 
Bellefontaine and the Calvary. 

Among the Buildings best deserving attention, 
are the Custom House, Third street ; the Court 
House, Fourth street; Temple of Justice, Clark 
avenue; Arsenal; Merchants 9 Exchange, Main 
street ; Masonic Hall, Market street ; and some of 
the innumerable Hospitals, Asylums, Educational 
Institutions, and Roman Catholic Conven ts. Among 
Churches, the Catholic Cathedral, Walnut street, 
takes the lead; followed by St. George's, (Epis.) 
Locust street; First Presbyterian, Fourteenth 



ROUTE NO. 14.— WESTERN. 223 

street; Church of the Messiah, (Unitarian) Oliver 
street, etc. Theatres : De Bar's Opera House, Olym- 
pic and Varieties. Prominent Hotels : the Plan- 
ters', Southern, Laclede, Everett, etc. 

Two other Objects of Interest at St. Louis demand 
special notice : the Steel Bridge, now building and 
nearly or quite completed across the Mississippi, from 
"Washington Avenue to the Illinois shore, for rail- 
road and general use, and undoubtedly destined to 
be one of the world's master- works in bridge-erection ; 
and the City Water Works, not long completed, 
with tower, and elaborate machinery for straining 
and purifying the river-water, believed to be among 
the best in use. 

[The transit connections of St. Louis, by railway 
and steamboat, are among the most extensive on the 
continent. By rail, east to Indianapolis by the St. 
Louis and Terre Haute road, and to Cincinnati and 
eastward by the Ohio and Mississippi road; south- 
eastward to Tennessee Cities by the route just trav- 
ersed ; south to New Orleans and the gulf by the 
Mobile and Ohio road: west to Jefferson City, 
to Topeka, and other towns of Kansas, by the Pacific 
and Missouri road; northwestward to St. Joseph, 
Omaha and the Pacific Railroad for Salt Lake City 
and San Francisco, by the same and St. Joseph 
roads ; north to Cliicago and the Lakes and Canada, 
by the Chicago, Alton and St. Louis road. In addi- 
tion, steamboat communication to all navigable points 
on the Mississippi, the Missouri and Ohio rivers.] 



224 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Leave St. Louis by Chicago, Alton and St. Louis 
road; by Alton, loftily located at just above the 
junction of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, 
with grand and notable scenery at that point, and 
much general charm in situation [connection east- 
ward to Indianapolis by the Indianapolis and St. 
Louis road] ; to 

Springfield, capital of the State of Illinois, 
a thriving and handsome town standing on the 
margin of a wide and fine prairie. It has a very 
handsome Capitol, State Arsenal, Court House, Cus- 
tom House, etc. ; extensive Water Works on the San- 
gamon Eiver ; and will always enjoy an additional 
celebrity as the residence and burial place of Abra- 
ham Lincoln, a noble Monument to whom marks his 
tomb in Ridge Cemetery. Hotel : the Leland House. 
[Connection westward to Quincy, and eastward to 
Logansport and Fort Wayne, by the Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road.] 

Springfield to Bloomington, capital of McLean 
county, and a large town of much commerce and 
many manufactures, besides having the great engine- 
shops of the Chicago and Alton Company. [Con- 
nection south westward to Jacksonville; west to 
Pekin ; southeast to Champaign and the Illinois 
Central road.] To Chenoa [connection west to 
Peoria ; east to Warsaw and Logansport}. By other 
stations to Joliet, large and thriving town on the 
Des Moines river, with State Penitentiary of noble 
construction, immense fine building-stone quarries 



BO UTE NO. 14— WESTERN. 225 

near, valuable water-power, and extensive trade and 
manufactures. [Connection west to Rock Island, 
by the Chicago, Eock Island and Pacific road.] 
Joliet to Chicago. 

(For notes on Chicago, see Route No. 13, Division 
C.) 



ROUTE NO. 15 -NORTHERN AND WESTERN, 
(SEMI-SKELETON.) 

BUFFALO TO CLEVELAND AND CHICAGO, BY LAKE 
SHORE ROAD. 

Leave Buffalo by Lake Shore road ; to Dunkirk, 
on Lake Erie, terminus of lower branch of the Erie 
road [connection eastward to Salamanca, for the 
Oil Regions.] Dunkirk to 

Erie, (Pa.), on the shore of Lake Erie, with fine 
harbor (a IT. S. Naval Station) ; Court House and 
other good buildings; extensive iron rolling-mills, 
and the connection of the Erie Extension Canal 
with the Ohio River and Beaver Canal. Hotel : the 
Reid House. [Connection southeast to Corry and 
the Oil Regions]. By Girard [connection south- 
ward to Pittsburg] ; and Painesville. to 

Cleveland, (Ohio) on Lake Erie, with harbor 
at mouth of Cuyahoga River, heavy lake shipping 
trade, much prosperity in business aspects ; and so 
pronounced a shaded beauty, especially in the fine 
elms lining its wide streets, that it bears the name of 
the "Eorest City." It has a Medical College: a 
Marine Hospital; several handsome Churches; a 
splendid Union Railway Depot, of great size ; Monu- 
mental Park (with Monument to Commodore Perry) ; 
Woodlawn Cemetery; noble Water Works; and 
many other attractions. [Connections southeast to 



*ROUTENO. 15.— NORTHERN AND WESTERN. 227 

Pittsburg and Wheeling; south to Coshocton and 
Zanesville; southwest to Columbus, Cincinnati, etp.] 

From Cleveland, by Oberlin (seat of the celebrated 
" Oberlin College," which admits blacks as well as 
whites) ; by Monroeville [connection northward to 
Sandusky] ; by Clyde [connection south to Cincin- 
nati] ; Fremont, etc., to 

Toledo, on the Maumee Kiver, near Lake Erie, 
with considerable lake trade (principally in grain), 
much domestic commerce, many handsome build- 
ings, rapid progress, great educational facilities, and 
an almost matchless location as a railway centre. 
Hotels: Oliver House, Island House, American, 
and St, Charles. [Collections : southeast to Clyde 
and (opening) to Wheeling; South to Lima, Dayton 
and Cincinnati ; southwest to Logansport, Spring- 
field (111), the Mississippi river, and St, Louis; 
northward to Detroit and the Canadian lines ; etc.] 

From Toledo, by the Michigan Southern and 
Northern Indiana road; by Adkien (Michigan), 
with water-power ; some manufactures ; repair-shops 
of the railroad- division; a handsome Soldiers' Mon- 
ument, and many attractions as a residence. Hotel : 
the Lawrence House. By Hillsdale; Jonesville 
[connection south to Fort Wayne] ; Sturgis [con- 
nection north to Grand Haven and south to Fort 
Wayne] ; White Pigeon [connection north to Kala- 
mazoo]', Ellchart [junction with Air-Line of sams 
road, to Toledo] ; South Bend and Laporte ; to 

Chicago. (For notes on- Chicago, and connec- 
tions, see previous route, No. 13.) 



ROUTE NO. 16 -NORTHERN (SEMI-SKELETON). 

1TEW YORK OR PHILADELPHIA TO THE LACKA- 
WANNA COAL REGIONS, AND THE OIL CREEK 
OIL REGIONS. 

New York, by the New Jersey Central road to 
Hampton Junction (see Eoute No. 13) ; to 

Manunkachunk (New Jersey). 

Or by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western 
road — Morris and Essex Division from New York: 
from foot Barclay Street to Hoboken; thence by 
rail, by Orange [connection to Newark] ; by Madi- 
son, location of Drew Theological Seminary; by 
Morristown, thriving town of New Jersey, and 
capital of Morris County, on the Whippany Creek, 
with handsome residences, a " Washington's Head 
Quarters" and other Revolutionary remains; by 
Boonton, Bockaway and Dover ; all towns in the iron- 
region, with extensive iron mills and foundries; by 
Cliester, Drakesville, Stanhope [connection by stage 
or boat to Lake Hopatcong and to BudcPs Lake] ; 
by Waterloo [connection north to Neivton, by Sussex 
road] ; by Hackettstown, handsome town of Warren 
County, with flouring mills and a Methodist Epis- 
copal Seminary of eminence [connection by stage to 
Schooletfs Mountain (see Excursions from New 
York) ] ; to Washington. At Washington connect 



ROUTE NO. 16.— NORTHERN. 229 

with the Delaware, Lackawanna and "Western road, 
and by that road to Manunhachunk. 

Or, from Philadelphia, by the Northern Pennsyl- 
vania road, or the Belvidere Delaware road, to 
Easton j thence to Manunhachunh. 

Manunkachnnk to the Delaivare Water- Gap (see 
Excursions from New York). Water-Gap to 
Stroudsburg, (Pa.), and by several minor stations 
to 

Scrastto^ (Pa.), important heavy-manufacturing 
town, and great centre of the coal operations of the 
Lackawanna district. In brief excursions fiom 
Scranton, locally directed, may be observed all the 
details of mining and transportation, of the immense 
coal trade and the iron trade accompanying. [Con- 
nections southwest to Pittston and Wilkesbarre ; 
north to Great Bend and the Erie road ; east to 
Carbondale, Honesdale, etc]. Scranton to 

Pittston, another important coal centre. Pitts- 
ton, by Rupert [connection southward with the 
wildly-grand Catawissa road, for Readi7ig, etc.] ; by 
Milton and other stations, to 

Williamsport, capital of Lycoming County, on 
the Susquehanna river, with much industry and 
miscellaneous business, and the most extensive 
lumber trade of any town in America. Among the 
curiosities of the place, is the Great Timber Boom 
in the Susquehanna, capable of holding millions of 
logs at a time ; the many saw-mills and other lum- 
ber works. There are also extensive Black Marble 



230 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Quarries in the neighborhood. Hotels : the Her die, 
City, and American. 

From Williamsport by the Philadelphia and Erie 
road; by 

Lock Haveh, another great lumber centre, also 
with immense Timber-Boom, saw-mills, etc., and 
fine scenery in the neighborhood. Hotels : the Ful- 
ton, Irving, and Montour. Lock Haven, by Renovo, 
Emporium, Wilcox and other stations ; to 

Irvineton, whence should be taken the Oil Creek 
and Alleghany road, to Tidioute, Oleopolis, Pithole, 
Oil City, Titusville, or any of those great oil centres, 
from which short excursions, locally directed, can 
be made with most profit and satisfaction. Thence 
to Corey, for Salamanca and the Erie road, going 
east ; or for Erie and the Lake Shore road, for the 
north or West. 



ROUTE NO. 17 -CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 

NIAGARA FALLS, BY HAMILTON AND LONDON TO 

DETROIT AND CHICAGO, BY GREAT WESTERN 

AND MICHIGAN RAILWAYS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by rail 
on the Great Western road of Canada ; by Tliorold 
(crossing of the Welland Canal around the Falls 
of Niagara), to 

St. Catharine's, pleasant small town, favorite as 
a residence, and with Mineral Springs of much cele- 
brity. Thence by Grimsby, lying near the shore of 
Lake Ontario, to 

Hamilton, on Burlington Bay, at the extreme 
western end of the Lake, with very handsome coast- 
scenery in the neighborhood ; a magnificent harbor, 
with heavy lake trade and fine fishing ; and the 
town itself very prettily laid out, with elegant resi- 
dences and other buildings, well shaded and attrac- 
tive. Very fine views are to be obtained from the 
Mountain, where also stands Dundrum Castle, 
erected by Sir Allan McNab, when Governor-Gen- 
eral; and there are many favorite resorts in the 
neighborhood, among others the Beach, Oaklands, 
Flamborough Heights, etc. Prominent Hotels : the 
Anglo-American and City. [Connection eastward 
(Hamilton Junction) with the Grand Trunk Rail- 



232 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

way for Toronto and all the Eastern Canadian cities ; 
also, by boat on the Lake, for Toronto and the same]. 
Hamilton to Dundas, with many manufactures and 
much fine scenery at and near the Desjardines 
Canal, here commencing; to Harrisbnrg [connec- 
tion northward to Berlin, Guelph, and the Grand 
Trunk roadj ; to 

Paris, a thriving town, with important water- 
power and manufactures, at the junction of the 
Grand and Nith rivers, with mineral springs and a 
petrifying spring in the neighborhood [connection 
northwestward to Goderich and Lake Huron, and 
southeastward to Dunville and Buffalo, by Gode- 
rich and Grand Trunk road]. Paris to 

Londok, considered the metropolis of South. 
Western Canada — with handsome location, streets 
well laid out and shaded, costly buildings, and all 
the attractions for residence. [Connection north- 
ward to St. Mary's and the Grand Trunk road; 
southward to Port Stanley, on Lake Erie, with boat 
connection to Buffalo]. London, by Komoha 
[connection westward to Petrolia (oil-centre), and 
Port Samia, at the entrance of the St. Clair river 
into Lake Huron] ; and by Glencoe ; to 

Bothwell, principal town of the Canadian oil- 
regions, in the neighborhood of which those who 
have not visited the Pennsylvania oil-sections, may 
derive a very good idea of the petroleum wells and 
processes. 

Bothwell to Chatham, with the distinction of very 



ROUTE NO. 17.— CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 233 

large percentage of negro population. [Connection 
with Detroit, by steamers down the Thames river 
and across Lake St. Clair to Detroit river]. Chatham 
by unimportant stations to 

Windsor, very old town on the eastern side of the 
Detroit river, with many French peculiarities and 
but moderate prosperity. From Windsor, ferry, car- 
rying over cars on boats, to 

Detroit, Michigan, lying on the west bank of 
the Detroit river, strait connecting Lake St. Clair 
with Lake Erie. This is the largest city of the State ; 
one of the oldest in any of the Western States, and 
one of the most wealthy and influential of all. The 
city front extends along the river at great length, 
with most of the location elevated, and the streets 
well shaded and broken up into many small parks 
and public grounds. The most important of the lat- 
ter is the Grand Circus, park and promenade, from 
which radiate many of the finest avenues; among 
others, Woodward, Jefferson, etc. There is also a 
large Plaza, called the Campus Martius, around 
which are grouped many of the finest buildings in 
the city. Without the town, the favorite public re- 
sorts are Fort Wayne, on the river, three miles from 
the city; Belle He, Grosse Pointe and Grosse He, 
more distant. The principal Cemeteries are Elm- 
wood and Woodlawn. 

Among the prominent buildings in the city, are 
the Michigan Central Freight Depot, of immense 
size and costly construction, with the great Loco- 



234 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

motive Round House and Grain Elevator, near it; 
the Custom House (with Post Office) ; the Opera 
House; the Board of Trade Building, etc. The 
most notable churches are St Paul's (Epis.), with 
the peculiarity of a roof without columns ; Christy 
St John's and Grace (all Epis.) ; Fort Street Pres- 
byterian; Central (Meth.-Epis.) ; St. Peter and St 
Paul (Oath.) ; St Anne's (Cath.), with very fine 
choir; etc. Detroit has also elaborate Water-works; 
large manufacturing and lake-shipping interests, 
in grain and provisions, etc. Theatre: the Opera 
House. Prominent Hotels : The Russell, Biddle, 
and Michigan Exchange. 

From Detroit may be visited, north, Lake St. 
Clair, with many attractive features in scenery ; and 
southward, the Put-in- Bay Islands, below the mouth 
of the Detroit river, in Lake Erie, near which occur- 
red Commodore Perry's victory in 1813 ; now famous 
as bathing and fishing resort, etc. [Boat from De- 
troit to Kelly's Island, largest of the group, every day 
during warm season.] 

[Railway connection from Detroit : north to Port 
Huron, foot of Lake Huron: northwest to Saginaio, 
Wenona, etc. ; west to Kalamazoo, etc. ; east by route 
just traversed, and by Toledo and Lake Shore road ; 
west to Chicago, etc., as see route to be pursued. In 
addition, it has steamboat communication on Lake 
Erie to Buffalo and other ports ; and to all ports 
on Lake Huron and Michigan.] 

Leave Detroit by Michigan Central road, by Yp- 



ROUTE N0.17.— CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 235 

silanti, pleasant small town of Michigan, seat of the 
State Normal School; thence (along the Huron 
Kiver), to 

Ann Arbor, handsome large town, on elevated 
plateau, with fine shade and many handsome build- 
ings; and seat of the University of Michigan, an 
institution of wide influence, with varied courses, a 
fine Observatory, etc. Hotel: the Gregory House. 
By Dexter and Clielsea to 

Jackson, large and thriving town, with many 
manufactures, an important coal-trade from mines 
in the immediate neighborhood, and seat of the 
Michigan State Prison. [Connections, northward 
fco Lansing (capital of the State) ; southward to 
Adrian and Toledo, etc.] From Lansing, by Parma, 
on the Kalamazoo river; by Albion (seat of Albion 
College, of the Meth. Epis. Church); by Marshall 
(large paper manufactories, and railway repair- 
shops) ; to Battle Creek, manufacturing town, 
especially with extensive flour-mills [connections 
north to Lansing, and south to South Bend, etc.] ; 
to 

Kalamazoo, largest town in the State, after De- 
troit. It is a thriving manufacturing and commer- 
cial town, with much shaded leauty and many 
handsome residences ; and the seat of a Baptist 
College and the State Insane Asylum. Hotels : the 
Kalamazoo and Burdick. [Connections : northwest 
to Grand Haven and Lake Michigan : also to Grand 
Rapids ; southeastward to Fort Wayne, etc.] From 



236 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Kalamazoo, by Lawton (with extensive iron works) ; 
Niles, small town of commercial and industrial im- 
portance on the St. Joseph River ; New Buffalo and 
Michigan City (both modern towns, on the immedi- 
ate shore of Lake Michigan) ; to 
Chicago. 



B 



ROUTE NO. 18 -NORTH-WESTERN (SEMI-SKELE- 
TON.) 

CHICAGO TO ST. PAUL (MINN.) AND FALLS OF ST. 

ANTHONY; WITH OPTIONAL RETURN DOWN 

THE MISSISSIPPI OR BY LAKE SUPERIOR. 

Leave Chicago by the Milwaukie division of the 
Chicago and Northwestern road; by Waukegan ; 
Kenosha [connection west to Genoa, Rockford 3 
etc.] ; Racine [connection west to Elkliom and 
Freeport ; to Milwaukie. (Or, by daily steamer 
on the Lake, direct from Chicago to Milwaukie.) 

Milwaukie, commercial capital of the State of 
Wisconsin, one of the largest cities of the northwest, 
considered very handsome and attractive as a resi- 
dence, and so healthful in reputation, as to have 
originated the jest that " people are obliged to go 
away from Milwaukie, when they wish to die ! " Ho- 
tels: the Plankinton, Walker, and Newhall. [Connec- 
tions, northwest to Horicon, Portage City, etc.; 
southwest to Milton, Janesville, etc.] 

Leave Milwaukie by the Milwaukie and St Paul 
road ; by Watertoiun [connection north to Horicon ; 
northwest to Portage City, etc. ] ; to 

Madison, capital of the State, and a very thriving 
and handsome town, with the Capitol, University of 
Wisconsin, many other local attractions, and the 



238 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

notably-beautiful Four Lakes in the immediate 
neighborhood. [Connections southeast to Chicago, 
by the Chicago and North-western road ; and to 
Plymouth, Beloit, etc., by the Madison division of 
the same road]. Madison, by many minor stations, 
to 

Prairie du Chien, important town on the Mis- 
sissippi river, with a considerable river-trade, many 
steamboats making stoppage, and prairies in the 
neighborhood, as the name indicates. By ferry 
to 

McGregor, small town on the opposite side of the 
river ; where the route by rail is continued. By 
Colmar [connection westward to Charles City and 
the Missouri river] ; to Austin [connection south- 
ward by the Burlington and Cedar Eapids road, to 
Cedar Rapids, -Burlington, and the Mississippi] ; to 
Ramsey [connection west with Southern Minnesota 
road] ; to Owatona [connection west for Manhato, 
St. Peter, etc.] ; by St. Paul and Mendota Junctions 
[connection southwest to ManTcato,] etc. ; by Minne- 
haha and Minneapolis ; to 

St. Paul, capital of Minnesota, and the largest 
town in the State ; on the Mississippi river, at the 
virtual head of navigation ; with State Capitol ; State 
Reform School ; St. Joseph's Academy (Catholic) ; a 
Bridge of great length, over the Mississippi ; Carver's 
Cave and Fountain Cave in the immediate vicinity, 
etc. Theatre: the Opera House. Leading Hotel: 
the Merchants'. [Connections: north to Dtiluth, 



ROUTE NO. 18.- NORTH -WESTERN. 239 

on Lake Superior; northwest to St. Cloud; west to 
Breckenridge; southwest to St. Peter and Mankato; 
southeast to MilwauMe and Chicago, by route just 
traversed ; also southeast to Red Wing, and Lake 
Pepin. Also by steamer to all Mississippi ports, 
St. Louis and New Orleans.] It is from St. Paul 
that visit will be paid (short ride by carriage, by 
Fort Smiling) to the 

Falls of Minnehaha, very beautiful small fall of the 
Minnesota river, made famous by Longfellow in the 
poem of the same name, with the Indian derivation, 
"Laughing "Water." Also will be visited, by rail 
from St. Paul, the 

Falls of St. Anthony, and town of the same name, 
St. Anthony, a few miles above. The town is a 
thriving one, at the actual head of navigation of the 
Mississippi, with State University, and connection 
by bridge with Minneapolis. The Falls, though 
with very mean surroundings, are grand, especially 
in the feature of Rapids, and show to best advan- 
tage by moonlight. 

From St. Paul descent of the Mississippi may be 
made, by steamboat, by Red Wing (Minn.) ; La 
C?-osse (Wis.) ; Prairie du Chien (Wis.) ; Dubuque 
(Iowa) ; Galena (111.), centre of the lead trade ; Dav- 
enport (Iowa) ; Rock Island (111.) ; Burlington 
(Iowa); JVauvoo (111.), original seat of the Mor- 
mons; Keokuk (Iowa); Hannibal (Mo.); Alton 
(111.), and many other interesting river ports, with 
stoppages, to St. Louis for the South or return east- 
ward. 



240 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Or, northern route may be taken, leaving St. 
Paul by the Lake Superior and Mississippi road, 
to 

Duluth, new but important town at the extreme 
southwest point of Lake Superior, with good harbor, 
heavy lake trade and rapidly increasing prosperity, 
Hotel : the Clarh House. At Duluth, steamer to be 
taken (depending on local direction for the most 
reliable particulars) on Lake Superior, to the Onto- 
nagon Copper Region, on the south shore of that 
Lake; thence to the Marquette Iron Region, on 
the same shore ; thence to the Pictured Rocks, also 
on the same shore. Thence route may be continued, 
through the Sault St. Marie (Strait) into Lake 
Huron, and to Bay City for rail to Detroit ; or to 
Detroit by boat direct ; or to Goderich, for return 
by rail through Canada ; or through the St. Clair 
River and Lake, and the Detroit river, to Lake Erie, 
for Toledo, Cleveland, Erie, or Buffalo, on that 
Lake. 



ROUTE NO. 19 -CANADIAN. 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO, OTTAWA, MONTREAL, 
QUEBEC, AND THE SAGUENAY RIVER; BY 
GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY, AND BOAT- 
CONNECTIONS. 

Division A 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO AND OTTAWA. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge) by Great 
Western Railway, by Thorold, to St Catharine's (see 
Route No. 17) ; and to 

Hamilton (also see Route No 17.) 

From Hamilton, continuing by Toronto branch of 
Great Western Ra : lway, at near the upper coast of 
Lake Ontario, by Oahville and other stations, to 

Toronto, most populous city of the Western prov- 
ince (Ontario), and one of the handsomest in Am- 
erica, though excelled in size by many. It lies on 
the Northern shore of Lake Ontario; is well laid out 
and finely shaded ; and has one thoroughfare, Yonge 
Street, actually extending northward as an unbroken 
drive, the whole distance to the foot of Lake Simcoe, 
some 35 miles. Among the prominent buildings is 
the University of Toronto, a noble structure with 
lofty tower, and fine park surrounding. Scarcely 
second is Osgoode Hall, the law-court building, with 



243 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the distinction of not only being one of the most 
tasteful in the world for legal purposes, outside, but 
one of the most completely and tastefully arranged, 
within. There are also the Exchange, Provincial 
Lunatic Asylum, Trinity College, Normal School, 
etc., all worthy of visit. Of the many Churches, 
three have especial prominence : the Cathedral of St, 
James (Epis.) ; that of St. Michael (Catholic) ; and the 
(new) Wesley an* Church. Prominent Hotels: the 
Rossin House, and the Queen's. Those who have 
abundant leisure, should make the drive before 
spoken of, to LaJce Simcoe, with wild beauty; those 
with less time will find drives through some of the 
main avenues, and along the shore of the Lake, 
amply repaying them. 

[Connections by rail, north to Lake Simcoe ; west 
to Guelph, Berlin, and other towns on the Grand 
Trunk road. Also, by boat with Niagara Falls, by 
Lewiston and rail along the Niagara Eiver. Also, 
by daily boat along Lake Ontario .and down the St. 
Lawrence Eiver to Montreal. Also, to ports on 
the New York side of the Lake.] 

From Toronto by the Grand Trunk Eailway ; by 
Frenchman's Bay, Boiumanville and other stations, 
to 

Port Hope, pleasant little town, on the Lake, with 
hill suburbs and some lake-trade. [Connection 
northwestward to Beaverton, on Lake Simcoe ; and 
with Lake ports, by boat.] Port Hope to 

Cobourg, important station as well as handsome 



ROUTE NO. VS.— CANADIAN. 243 

town, with fair trade, a pleasant residence, and the 
seat of Victoria College (Wesleyan). [Connection 
northward to Peterboro and Rice and Salmon Trout 
Lakes.] Cobourg, by Colbome (not to be con- 
founded with " Port Colbourn," on the Great "Western 
road) ; by Trenton (on the little river Trent) ; by 
Belleville, pleasant small town on Moira river (actual 
inlet from the Lake) ; by Napanee, Collins* Bay and 
other stations; to 

Kingston, very old town at the entrance of the 
St. Lawrence river, and once capital of Canada; 
with very heavy fortifications, in Fort Henry and 
several other works; seat of Queen's College Uni- 
versity, the Regiopolis Catholic College, Provincial 
Penitentiary. Hotel : the British American. Cape 
Vincent, on the New York shore, lies opposite. 
[Steamer connection from Kingston up the Lake to 
Toronto, down the Lake to Montreal and other 
ports. Also, by Rideau Canal, with Ottaica. From 
Cape Vincent, by rail to Watertoiun, and thence to 
Rome and other points on the New York Central 
road.] 

From Kingston, by Gananoque and Mallory 
Town, to Beockville, a town of pleasant location 
and some commercial importance, on the St. Law- 
rence river [connection northward to Carleton Place, 
Amprior, etc.; and from Carleton Place, by Canada 
Central road, to Ottawa]. Brockville to 

Peescott (Junction), small town, principally of 
transit importance, also on the St. Lawrence, f Con- 



244 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

nections, north to Ottawa, as see route to be pur- 
sued ; east direct to Montreal, continuing by Grand 
Trunk road ; across the river to Ogdensburg, on the 
New York side, whence connection south to the 
New York Central road and towns on that line, by 
the Eome, Watertown and Ogdensburg road, for 
southward ; or eastward by Ogdensburg and Cham- 
plain road to Rouse's Point, Lake Champlain and 
St. Albans for all Eastern States]. 

From Prescott, by St. Lawrence and Ottawa road, 
through a region comparatively unbroken, but with 
many features of beauty in natural scenery, to 

Ottawa, Capital of the Dominion of Canada. It 
lies on the Ottawa river, and on the Rideau Canal, 
running to Lake Ontario at Kingston. The scenery 
in the district is somewhat wild and untamed, but 
very picturesque ; and in the immediate neighbor- 
hood, at the Falls of the Rideau, may be witnessed 
with interest some of the heavy lumbering opera- 
tions, in the timber -shoots down the inclined planes 
to avoid the Falls. The Chaudiere Great Falls 
(of the Ottawa), lie within the city proper, at the 
west, are some 200 feet in width by 40 in depth, 
and- have many features of grandeur ; while the 
Little Falls, handsomer though smaller, lie at the 
east. The Rideau Falls, at the northeast, and the 
Remoux and De Cheyne Rapids, some miles above, 
are all worthy of visit and notice. 

The feature of Ottawa is of course to be found in 
the Parliament Houses and government buildings 



RO UTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 245 

connected. They are of native stone, lately 
erected, at great cost, and truly magnificent in 
size, design and arrangement — promising, when 
fully completed, with their grounds, to be worthy 
of the Dominion and command great admiration. 
The respective Chambers of the Senate and House 
of Commons are of the same size as those at West- 
minster Palace, and quite as handsomely finished ; 
and there is an immense Library, not yet entirely 
filled, capable of accommodating half a million vol- 
umes. They stand at the height of an elevation 
known as " Barrack Hill," forming the apex of the 
higher ground on which the Upper Town is built, 
being divided from the Lower Town by the Eideau 
Canal and its handsome stone bridge. The Queen's 
Printing House, near the Parliament Houses, the 
Catholic Cathedral, and other prominent buildings, 
demand attention. Leading Hotel : the Russell 
House. [Connection west to Carleion Place and the 
Brockville road ; and to Prescott, Ogdensburg, etc., 
by the route just traversed. Direct railway along 
the Ottawa river, to Montreal, in course of con- 
struction]. 

Division B. 

OTTAWA TO AND AT MONTREAL. 

Leave Ottawa by morning boat on the Ottawa 
river ; with fine view, soon after leaving, of the 
Rideau Falls, on the right; and not long afterwards, 
the entrance of the Gatineau River, tributary of 



246 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

the Ottawa, into that river, the banks of which, al- 
most from the first, are rough, wooded and pictur- 
esque. Landings are made at Buckingham, at 
Thurso (flourishing village, with a large lumber 
trade), at Brown's and Major's ; before reaching 

I/Origin"AL ; at which point, if time allows, the 
tourist should lie over for one dav, to visit the 

Caledonia Springs, nine miles distant, the heal- 
ing qualities of which have made them very cele- 
brated, with capacious hotel, and the presence, in 
summer, of a very large number of the best known 
people of fashion and condition, in the Dominion. 
Return to IS Original. 

From L'Original, whether with or without hav- 
ing visited the Springs, the course is pursued by 
boat, down the Ottawa, to 

Grentille (with Hawhesbury opposite, with large 
saw mills) where the boat is left and a land ride of 
twelve miles taken (the Long Sault Rapids making 
navigation impossible) ; to 

Carillon, at the lower end of the rapids, where 
another boat of th-3 line is taken. It is worthy of 
remark that from Ottawa to this point, the middle 
of the river has been the dividing line between the 
two provinces of Ontario (west) and Quebec (east) ; 
but that here the line leaves the river, striking 
southward to the St. Lawrence, and the course is 
taken entirely in that of Quebec. 

Among the next prominent objects of interest fol- 
lowing, is the Mountain of Rigaud, looming high 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN 247 

on the southern bank, above the rough and wooded 
shores. Landings are made at Pointe-aux- Anglais, 
Hudson, and Como j after leaving the latter of which 
the river expands into the 

Lake of the Two Mountains, with the two moun- 
tains giving its name, rising on either side, one of 
them, Calvary, being held sacred by the Indians. 
Not long after, is reached 

St. Anne's, rendered so celebrated by Moore, in 
the " Canadian Boat Song." At this point Mont 
Royale, the height above Montreal, comes into view. 
The boat is taken through locks, at St. Anne's, to 
avoid the rapids, coming out into the 

Lake St. Louis, in which the Ottawa for the 
first time joins the St. Lawrence. Landing from the 
boat is made at 

Lachine, where cars of the Grand Trunk Rail- 
Way are taken to 

Montreal, the largest and most prosperous city 
of the British Possessions in North America ; Me- 
tropolitan See of the English Church in Canada, 
and seat of a Catholic Bishopric. It lies on rapidly 
rising ground, on the island of the same name, with 
the St. Lawrence immediately in front, Back Eiver 
forming the sound behind it; and the mountain 
which gives it name, Mount Royal, also rising 
grandly at the back. There are few and unimpor- 
tant fortifications, (St. Helen's Island being the 
principal) ; but the garrison generally kept is large, 
the place being considered the military key of the 



248 SHORT-TRIP G HIDE. 

Dominion. The population of Montreal is won- 
drously mixed, there being many streets, in the higher 
and newer parts of the town, in which the English 
and Scotch elements entirely predominate, with 
many of the features of an English city ; while in 
the older and lower parts of the town, many of the 
streets are still called "Rues," and the prevailing 
architecture, language and manner are all French? 
of not too refined an order. There are now fine 
quays along the river ; costly and elegant residences 
have rapidly increased in number, stretching back 
towards Mount Royal ; and the commercial impor- 
tance and prosperity of the Northern Metropolis 
have quite kept pace with its growing luxury. 
Among other evidences of its prosperity has been 
the establishment of the fine Allan line of Steamers 
to Liverpool and Glasgow, coming to Quebec and 
Montreal during the open season, and to Portland 
in the winter. 

First among the edifices of Montreal, comes the 
Catholic Cathedral of Notre Dame, standing on the 
Place d'Armes, in the centre of the old city, and so 
large that it is accredited with containing 10,000 
people without difficulty. It is Gothic in architec- 
ture, with two tall towers, commanding a magnifi- 
cent view from the top; and within, it has many 
of the features of European churches of the same 
faith. Christ Church Cathedral (Epis.) and St. 
Andrew's Church (Epis.) rank next, commanding 
much admiration; and there are many other 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 249 

churches, more or less creditable in taste. Of 
other buildings maybe especially noted the Court 
House, one of the best on the continent ; the Bank 
of Montreal, near the Cathedral ; McGill College, at 
the foot of Mount Royal; Bonsecours Market, on 
the quay, with large dome aud excellent internal 
arrangements; St. Patrick's Hall, Victoria square; 
the Albeit Buildings, same place ; Dominion Block, 
McGill street, etc. There are three Nunneries, always 
exciting more or less attention among visitors, and 
to which admission is often granted ; the Gray, 
Foundling street; the Black, Notre Dame street; 
and the Hotel Dieu. Notre Dame and Great St. 
James Streets may be named as the most fashionable 
promenades; and St. Paul Street as the leading 
commercial. The principal Cemetery is Mount Royal, 
on the mountain of that name, around which, also, 
is the most fashionable drive of the city. There is a 
handsome Nelson Monument at the Place Jacques 
Cartier. Theatre: the Montreal. Leading Hotels: 
the Ottawa, St. Lawrence Hall, Donegana's, the 
Montreal, etc. 

Many excursions of interest can be made from 
Montreal, but the most indispensable one is that 
to 

The Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence, at 
Point St. Charles, order to inspect which can be 
obtained from the officers of the Grand Trunk Rail- 
way, near the entrance. It is one of the immense 
enterprises of later times, with no less than 23 spans 



250 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

of 242 feet each, a centre one of 330 feet, 
and a total length of two miles. It is tubular, on 
the plan of the great bridge over the Menai Strait, 
in Wales ; was built by Robert Stephenson and A. M. 
Ross ; and opened by the Prince of Wales during his 
American visit, in August, 1860. 

Another very pleasant excursion, for those reach- 
ing Montreal by rail, is to take rail to Lachine, and 
thence return to the city by boat Down the LacMne 
Rapids, with excellent idea thus obtained of that 
feature of the St. Lawrence. 

[Connections fiom Montreal: westward to Otta- 
wa, by the route just traversed ; eastward to Que- 
bec, by the Grand Trunk road (from St. Lambert) ; 
southward to Rouse's Point, and thence to all points 
in the Eastern and Middle United States, (from La 
Prairie). Westward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence and Lake Ontario, to Toronto and leading 
Lake ports ; eastward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence, to Quebec and the farther East. By Allan 
line of sea-steamers to Portland ; and to Halifax, 
Liverpool and Glasgow.] 

Division C. 

MONTREAL TO AND AT QUEBEC, WITH EXCURSIONS, 

Leave Montreal (from Bonaventure Station), by 
train on the Grand Trunk Railway; across the 
Victoria Bridge at Point St. Charles ; by St. Lam- 
bert, St. Hyacinthe, and other stations, to 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 251 

Richmond, important railway station and point 
of intersection. [Connection, south-eastward, by 
Portland Division of the Grand Trunk road, to 
Island Pond ; and thence to Gorham for the White 
Mountains and southward, or to Portland and 
connections for Boston" and the east.] 

From Richmond, by the Quebec branch of the 
Grand Trunk road; by Abthabasca [connection 
northward, by Bulstrode, to St. Cfregoire, on the 
St Lawrence river, and Three Rivers (Canada ) ] ; 
by Black River and other stations, to 

Point Levi [continuation of ]ine eastward, to 
Riviere du Loup], From Point Levi, ferry across 
the St. Lawrence, to 

Quebec, metropolis of the Province of the same 
name ; important military station, with very strong 
fortifications; and with as important historical 
interest as any city on the American continent. It 
lies on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, with ex- 
ceedingly picturesque location, being divided into 
the Upper and Lower Towns, with the very strong 
fortifications of the Upper Town crowning the whole; 
and the Citadel of Cape Diamond, being considered 
next in strength in the world to Gibraltar and 
Ehrenbreitstein. From the city proper, the suburbs 
of St. Koch and St. John extend along the river St. 
Charles to the Plains of Abraham , on the Heights 
of the same name, rendered ever-memorable by the 
battle fought there, between the English Gen. Wolfe 
and the French General Montcalm, in 1759, with 



252 SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the death of both the commanders, but the total de- 
feat of the French, and the final capture of Quebec 
and destruction of the French power in the prov- 
ince. The spot where "Wolfe fell, near an old re- 
doubt at the highest point, is pointed out to tourists, 
who have even a more singular interest in seeing 
the skull of Montcalm, exhumed not many years 
ago, now preserved in the Ursuline Convent. The 
joint Monument to Wolfe and Montcalm is to be 
found in the Public Garden, on Des Oarrieres street. 
At the foot of the Citadel is a tower, where the Am- 
erican Genera] Montgomery fell iu the assault on 
Quebec, in 1775. Ascent from the Lower to the 
Upper Town is made by a very steep and winding 
street, through the Prescott Gate, by which also the 
fortifications may be reached on the St. Lawrence 
side. The Plains may be entered by the St. Louis 
Gate, nearly opposite. The View from the Citadel, 
over the city, the St. Lawrence and the opposite 
shore, is a truly magnificent one and not to be omit- 
ted by any one with an eye to the picturesque. 

Among the most notable Buildings of Quebec, 
may be named the Parliament House (rebuilt when 
the city was still expected to remain the Capital) ; 
the very large Artillery Barracks ; the immense and 
fine Roman Catholic Cathedral ; the Ursuline Con- 
vent and Church, with attractive gardens ; the En> 
glish Cathedral (modern and noble); St. Andrew's 
Church ; the very old church of Notre Dame des 
Victoires, in the Lower Town ; us also, in the Lower 



ROTJTE.NO. lS.—OANADIAN. 253 

Town, the Exchange, Custom House, Marine Hos- 
pital, Post Office, and many of the most extensive 
commercial establishments. It is worthy of remark 
that Quebec, even more than Montreal, has a large 
French admixture, and that in some of the quarters 
many of the lower Parisian dwellings and habits 
may be seen duplicated. Among the principal 
streets are St. Louis; D'Auteuil (near the Espla- 
nade, with many fine residences) ; St. Louis Road 
(from the Gate of the same name ) ; St. Peter 
(Lower Town) — commercial. Principal Cemetery: 
Mt. Hermon, elevated and handsome. Leading 
Hotels : the St. Louis and Russell House. 

[Connections: south westward to Richmond and 
Montreal, by route just traversed; southward by 
the same route, by Kichmond, to Island Pond, 
Portland, the White Mountains, etc. ; eastward to 
the Riviere du Loup. Also, by boat on the St. 
Lawrence, to Montreal, etc.] 

Of short Excursions from Quebec, the most im- 
portant are those to the Falls of Montmorenci, 
noble broken cascade, with fine surrounding scenery, 
reached in drive from the city, through Beauporl 
(seat of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum) ; to Lorette, 
a famous Indian Village, very popular for tourists, 
and with a world of Indian goods for sale ; to Cape 
Rouge (''Carouge"), with fine river scenery; to the 
River and Falls of the Chaudiere, below the city (by 
Point Levi) ; to Lake St. Charles, with fine scenery 
and good angling. Something longer is that to the 



254 SHORT- TRIP G U1DE. 

Falls of St. Anne, which, may, however, be taken in 
connection with those of Montmorenci. 

Division D, 

QUEBEC TO RIVIERE DU LOUP AHD THE SAGUE2SAY 

EIVER. 

Leave Quebec by rail, by Point Levi, along the 
south shore of the St. Lawrence, by Chaudiere 
Junction, St. Tlwmas, E Islet and other stations, to 
Riviere du Loup. 

Or, better, if time will allow the additional day: 

Leave Quebec by one of the steamers of the Cana- 
dian Navigation Company (usual trips twice a week: 
timely reference on this point to be made at the 
hotel of stoppage, at Quebec.) First object of inter- 
est, the large Island of Orleans, in the St. Law- 
rence immediately below the city, with considerable 
prosperity. The Falls of St. Anne (before referred 
to), and Lake St. Charles, celebrated for fine trout- 
fishing, are both passed, at some miles below, though 
of course not visible from the boat. The first land- 
ing is made at 

Murray Bay, on the north shore, pleasant vil- 
lage and attractive watering-place, much resorted to 
by Canadian families, and with good accomodation. 
Going on by steamer, an hour and a half later is 
reached 

Riviere du Loup, on the southern side of the 
now rapidly- widening St Lawrence — terminus of 



ROUTE NO. 19.- CANADIAN. 255 

the easternmost branch of the Grand Trunk road. 
[Connection by rail, southwest to Chaudiere Junc- 
tion, for Quebec ; or thence to Richmond, for 
Montreal, or south to Island Pond for Portland 
or the White Mountains]. [From Kiviere du Loup, 
visit is paid, by stage, to the favorite watering- 
place of 

Cacouna, with fine bathing, fishing, and much 
fashionable resort.] 

Leaving Kiviere du Loup, again by steamer, 
the St. Lawrence is recrossed, to the entrance of 
the 

Saguenay River, with scenery of such grand 
and stupendous wildness as is seldom encountered 
on either continent ; the almost perpendicular cliffs 
at many points, and the great height of the border- 
ing hills, combining with the darkness of the water, 
the frequent waterfalls, and the general aspect of 
wild desolation, to awe as well as enrapture. At 
very near the entrance of the river is passed the 
very old village of Tadoussac ; and not long after, 
the little cove containing a fishing station, called 
L'Ance a VEau. The next points of interest 
reached, are the two frightful over-hanging cliff- 
mountains, Cape Eternity and Cape Trinity, be- 
neath which, from the apprehension that they may 
fall at any moment, the tourist has no wish to re- 
main for any long period, while the water seems 
black as ink, from the shadows. Statue Point and 
the Tableau are other points of special interest, ap- 



256 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

proaching Ha Ha Bay, a beautiful village, amid 
softened scenery, where the route terminates. 

Eeturn by steamer to Riviere du Loup, whence 
rail to Quebec, or to Chaudiere Junction for pro- 
ceeding southward. 



ROUTE NO. 20 -CANADIAN. 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO, MONTREAL AND 
QUEBEC, BY STEAMERS ; WITH DIREC- 
TION TO OTHER CITIES OF BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by 
train to Lewiston, small town on the American 
shore of the Niagara Eiver (Queenston, larger 
town, on the Canadian side, opposite, with monu- 
ment to the British General Brock, killed there in 
battle in 1812). 

At Lewiston take Toronto boat (twice duily), on 
the Niagara river, with stop at 

Niagara (Village), place of embarkation for 
other passengers from Falls by rail on the American 
side. Immediately below Niagara are passed. Fort 
Niagara, on American side, and. Fort Massasauga, 
on Canadian. Soon after, passing from the River 
into Lake Ontario, with short sail to 

Toronto (See Route No 19). 

At Toronto take Ryyal Mail steamer for Montreal 
(every day, in connection with boat and train). 
Several hours' sail along the Lake, with shore-views, 
principally north — to 

Kingston. (See Route No. 19). 

(Or, leave Niagara by rail, as in Route No. 19, to 



258 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Hamilton, Toronto and Kingston, first taking boat 
here, at very early morning or afternoon). 

At Kingston the Lake narrows to become virtu- 
ally the St. Lawrence River, though, still very wide, 
and called the " Lake of the Thousand Islands," as 
containing the celebrated 

Thousand Islands, said to number nearly twice as 
many, and certainly studding the stream very thick- 
ly, in rough-tree-crowned, wild and picturesque 
beauty — there really seeming, at times, to be diffi- 
culty in finding passage between them. 

Leaving the Lake of the Thousand Islands, en- 
tering the St. Lawrence proper, passing Ogdensburg 
on the American side, and Prescott, on the Cana- 
dian (connection to Ottawa — see Route No. 19), — 
are soon entered the 

Bap ids of the St. Lawrence, among the most ex- 
tended and notable to be found in any river on the 
globe, and some of them startling to the inexpe- 
rienced who mark the rapid rush of the water and 
the sharp inclination of the boat, at the worst mo- 
ments; though the amount of danger involved, 
with good boats and the inevitable skilful pilot- 
age, must be almost nothing, as accidents are liter- 
ally unheard of. The different Rapids follow each 
other in the succession named : the Gallopes (4) ; the 
Plate ; the Depleau ; the Long Sault ; the Coteau ; 
the Cedars (considered by many the finest ) ; the 
Cascades; and the Lachine (shortest of all, but 
more sensational than any of the others). Im- 



ROUTE NO. 20.— CANADIAN. 259 

mediately after passing the Lachine, is in sight, and 
Boon after reached, 

Montreal. (See Eoute No. 19). 

From Montreal (every evening) by boats of the 
Richelieu Company, making the whole passage dur- 
ing the night (little interesting scenery offering), 
and landing in the morning at 

Quebec. (See. Route No. 19 ; as also for excur- 
sion to Riviere du Loup and the Saguenay River). 

SKELETON ROUTES TO OTHER TOWNS OF BRITISH 

POSSESSIONS. 

Halifax, Capital of Nova Scotia. Reached by 
steamers of the Allan line, from Montreal or Port- 
land ; or by packet-steamer direct from Portland ; 
or from St. John, N. B., by steamer to Windsor, 
N. S., and rail thence to Halifax. Hotels : the 
Waverley, Stewart's, Halifax, and International. 

St. John, New Brunswick. From Boston, by 
steamer, twice a week. From Halifax, N. S., by 
rail and steamer, by Windsor, N. S. Hotels : Wav- 
erley and Sticbbs'. 

Fredericton, Capital of New Brunswick. From 
Boston, by steamer to St. John's, and small steamer 
up the St. John River. Hotel : the Barker House. 

Windsor, Nova Scotia. By rail from Halifax. 

Sidney, Cape Breton. By boat from Halifax. 

Shediac, New Brunswick. By rail from St. John, 
N. B. ; also by steamer from* Quebec. 

Charlotte Town, Prince Edward's Island. By 



-260 SHORT TRIP G XJIBE. 

rail from St. John, N. B., to Shediac, N. B. ; thence 
.boat. 

Pictotj, Nova Scotia. By rail from St. John, 
N. B., to Shediac, N. B. ; thence boat. 

Bathuest, New Brunswick. By boat from She- 
diac ; also from Quebec- 



ROUTE NO. 21. FAR- WE STERN (SEMI-SKELETON.} 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, SALT LAKE CITY, SAN FBAN- 
CISCO, BIG TKEES AND YO-SEMITE VALLEY. 

Division A. 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, BY OPTIONAL BOUTES. 

By Chicago and North Western road. 

Leave Chicago by Chicago and North Western 
road, to 

Junction [connection north to Milwaukie ; north 
to Fort Howard and Green Bay ; north-westward to 
Madison ; westward to Dunleith and Dubuque]. 
Junction, by Geneva and other stations, to 

Dixon [connection northward to Freeport) south- 
ward to Blooming ton, Spbingpield, Alton and St, 
Louis]. By other stations to 

Morrison [connection southwestward to Rock Is- 
land] ; to 

Clinton, on the Mississippi River, entering the 
State of Iowa [river connections north and south]. 
Clinton, by various stations, to 

Cedab Rapids, railway centre on the Red Cedar 
River. [Connections, northeast to Dubuque; north 
to Waterloo, Austin and St. Paul ; south to Bur- 
lington and Keokuk]. Cedar Rapids, by various 
other stations, to 



262 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE, 

Marshall [connections northward to Mason City, 
Austin and St. Paul ; southward to Ottumwa, Keo- 
kuk, etc.] ; to Boone, thriving town and coal centre, 
commencement of the Western Division of the 
road; to 

Grand Junction" [connection north to Fort 
Dodge, thence to Sioux City ; south to Des Moines, 
capita] of the State of Iowa]. Grand Junction, by 
many other stations, through the Valley of the Des 
Moines, to 

Missouri Valley Junction. [Connections north 
to Sioux City ; westward, by California Junction, 
across the Missouri river to Fremont and the Union 
Pacific road]. By other stations to 

Council Bluffs, on the eastern side of the Mis- 
souri river. [Connections north to Sioux City, etc. ; 
south to Nebraska City (by branch), Lincoln, 
Capital of Nebraska, St. Joseph, on the Missouri 
river, etc]. From Council Bluffs, ferry to Omaha. 

By Cliicago and Rock Island road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago and Eock Island 
road ; by Englewood [connections eastward to all 
cities on the Michigan Southern and Lake Shore 
roads ; southeastward to Fort Wayne, Pittsburg^ 
etc]. By other stations to 

Joliet, large town on the Des Moines river, 
with State Penitentiary, extensive stone-quarries, 
etc. [Connections, eastward to Michigan Southern 
and Lake Shore roads; south westward to Blooming- 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR-WESTERN. 263 

ton and Springfield ; also by Canal with Chicago]. 
By other stations to 

La Salle, flourishing town and coal centre on 
the Illinois river. [Connections, north to Mendota 
and Freeport, south to Bloomington and Spring- 
field, by Illinois Central road ; also by steamer to 
St. Louis]. La Salle, by Bureau [connection south- 
ward to Peoria] ; by Pond Creek [connection south- 
westward to Quincy and to Burlington\ ; by minor 
stations to 

Rock Island, important town on the Mississippi, 
with extensive manufactures and river trade. [Con- 
nections northeast to Freeport, etc. ; southeast to 
Peoria; south to Alton and St. Louis; also by 
steamboat to St. Louis]. From Rock Island, by 
bridge over the Mississippi, to 

Davenport (Iowa), large town on the western 
bank of that river, with water-power, manufactures, 
Grisivold and other Colleges, an Opera House, etc. 
[Connections, substantially same as Rock Island]. 
Davenport to Wilton [connection south westward to 
Muscatine, Washington, and the Kansas Pacific 
road] ; to Moscow [connection, by Ashland, with 
Des Moines Valley road] ; to 

West Liberty [connection south to Burlington; 
north to Cedar Rapids, etc.] ; to 

Iowa City, on the Iowa river, formerly capital of 
the State, and now with State University, manu- 
factures, etc. By other stations to Grinnell, seat of 
Iowa College [connections north to Mason City, 



2G4 SHOTtT-TRIP GUIDE. 

etc. ; south to Otlumiva, etc.] By other stations 
to 

Des Moines, capital of the State of Iowa, thriv- 
ing manufacturing town and coal centre, at the 
confluence of Des Moines and Eaccoon rivers, with 
magnificent State House in course of erection. [Con- 
nections, northwest to Fort Dodge and Sioux City ; 
southeast to Ottumwa, Keokuk, etc. J Des Moines, 
by Dexter, Casey, Atlantic, and other stations, to 

Council Bluffs and Omaha. (See Chicago and 
Northwestern route.) 

Division B. 

OMAHA TO OGDEN AND SALT LAKE CITY. 

Omaha, Nebraska, on the western side of the 
Missouri river, opposite Council Bluffs, well located, 
and unprecedentedly rapid in growth, though de- 
riving its principal importance from the great Pacific 
transit through it, and the commercial supply of a 
wide section, making it the central point between 
Chicago and San Francisco. Communication with 
Council Bluffs by ferry boat, and by the magnificent 
iron bridge now approaching completion. [Con- 
nections: (besides the routes just traversed) south- 
east to Ottumwa, Keokuk, and Burlington, by the 
Burlington and Missouri road ; north to California 
Junction and Sioux City, south to St. Joseph, 
Wyandotte, and Topeka, capital of the State ol 
Kansas; etc.] 



ROUTE xVO. 21.— FAB WESTEBN. 265 

Leave Omaha by Union Pacific Railroad, nearly 
due westward across Nebraska ; by many minor 
stations and the more interesting ones of Gilmore 
(entrance of the Papillon Valley) ; Elkhorn (crossing 
of the Elkhorn river, near, and entrance of the Platte 
Valley) ; Fremont [connection with the Chicago 
and Northwestern road, at California Junction]; 
North Bend, with first views of the sandy Platte 
River; Schuyler , with thriving colony of Nova 
Scotians; Columbus (with bridge across the Platte, 
and railroad crossing the Loup Fork river not far 
beyond) ; Grand Island, with Gorman settlement 
and flouring-mills ; Kearney, supply station for Fort 
Kearney, a few miles distant on the opposite side ot 
the river ; Plum Creek, scene of the '* Plum Creek 
Massacre " of railway employes in 1868 ; McPherson, 
supply station for Fort McPherson, on opposite side 
of the river; North Platte, with machine shop ot 
the railway company; Alkali, with remains of the 
once famous " Alkali Station " of the stage route ; 
Ogalalla, near the old stage- crossing of the Platte; 
Julesburg, with Fort Sedgwick near and in sight; 
Sidney, largest station on the line, with railway- 
repair-shops, a small military post, etc.; Pine 
Bluffs, with singular rock scenery in the neighbor- 
hood; and Hillsdale, with first views, just beyond, 
of the snow-crowned Rocky Mountains, especially 
" Long's " and the " Spanish Peaks " ; to 

Cheyenne, (Wyoming Territory), principal 
6tation between Omaha and Ogden, on ground 



266 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

of nearly 6,000 feet above the sea, with railway-shops 
and much industry. 

[Connection, south to Denver, Colorado, for the 
best views of the grand Colorado Mountains ; or foi 
Central City, Golden City, Pike's Peak, or other 
mining and mountain centres, reached by stage from 
Denver. Also, for Santa Fe and all points in New 
Mexico.] 

From Cheyenne, on sharp up-grade, and with 
grand mountain views southward, and amid very 
wild scenery; by Hazard, Granite Canon and 
Btcford, to 

Sherman, highest railway station in the world, 
8,235 feet, and with fine air and many scenic attrac- 
tions. From Sherman, bjr Fort Saunders, near the 
Laramie River ; by 

Laramie, with railway machine-shops, near the 
North Park on the south and the Black Hills on the 
north, and very favorable for residence and moun- 
tain rambles ; Carbon, with coal-mines in the neigh- 
borhood; Percy, with view of the Elk Mountain; 
St. Mary's, with especially wild and rugged scenery, 
and with another crossing of the Platte ; to 

Creston, at the summit of the dividing ridge of 
the continent. From Creston, by Bitter Creek; 
with repair-shops and the entrance to the Bitter 
Creek Valley ; by Green River, fording-place of the 
old overland -stage line, and with fine views of the 
Uintah Mountains at the south and the Wind River 
Mountains at the north ; by 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR- WESTERN. 26? 

Bryan" [connection by stage with the great Sweet 
Water Mining Region and the once-popular South 
Pass of the overland emigration] ; by Granges 
(Utah, and entrance of the Territory) ; by Carter, 
supply station for Fort Bridger, lying near ; by Aspen, 
highest point of the road over the Wasatch Moun- 
tains ; Wasatch, with tunnels following ; Castle Rock, 
with grand scenery, at the entrance of 

Echo Canon, one of the wildest rocky denies in the 
world, and intimately connected with Mormon his- 
tory. Beyond are passed Echo City, on the Weber 
river; Weber Canon, only less grand than the Echo; 
then Weber Station ; DeviV s Gate; with the Weber 
river seen rushing through a narrow gorge ; Uintah, 
to 

Ogden, terminus of the Union Pacific road, 
though with small other importance. Hotel: the 
Ogden House. 

At Ogden detour is made, by the Utah Central 
Railway, to 

Salt La.ee City, in the Valley of the same name, 
at the base of the Wasatch Mountains — home of the 
Mormon religion and ascendancy, and in many re- 
gards one of the world's wonders. Prominent 
buildings : the Lion and Bee Hive Houses of Brig- 
ham Young ; the Tabernacle, with very large organ ; 
the Endowment House; the Temple (mere com- 
mencement); the Theatre ; the City Hall, etc. Ho- 
tels : the Salt Lake, Townsend, and Revere. North- 
east of the city, elevated, is the Cemetery, entirely 



268 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

destitute of decoration. Camp Douglas, the U. S. 
Military Station, lies two miles east of the city. The 
Great Salt Lake (another " Dead Sea ") may be visited 
in a brief excursion from the City; and return may 
be made thence to Ogden. 

Return to Ogden for pursuing the route to Cali- 
fornia. 

Division C. 

OGDEN TO SACRAMENTO AND SAN FRANCISCO. 

Leave Ogden by the Central Pacific Railway, by 

Corinne, important station [connection northward 
by stage to Virginia, Helena, and other mining and 
mountain towns of Nevada. Also, carriage connec- 
tion to Salt Lake.] From Corinne to 

Promontory Point, spot where the " last spike n 
was driven and the concluding celebration of the 
Pacific Railway held, 10th May, 1869. Shortly after 
leaving Promontory, is entered upon, the 

Great American Desert, with no vegetation, but 
alkali-dust and desolation. By Kelton [connection 
by stas^e to Boise City, Walla Walla, Portland, and 
other places in Idaho and Oregon.] ; by Toano ; 
Pequop, at entrance of the Humboldt "Valley ; Wells, 
with the "Humboldt Wells" in the neighborhood, 
believed to be craters of extinct volcanoes. The 
Humboldt River and Valley are followed, to Osino, 
termination of the Valley ; to 

Elko, Nevada, important station and county 
capital [connection by stage and wagon to Wliite 



RO UTE NO. 21.— FAR- WESTERN. 269 

Pine, Wyoming, and other mining districts.] By 
Garlin, another important station, and. rival of Elko ; 
by Palisade, with rocks in the neighborhood giving 
it name, and distributing trade to mining regions 
south ; by Argenta, with distributing trade to Reese 
River and White Pine Mines, [connection by stage 
to Austin and Belmont]; by Battle Mountain; by 
Winnemncca, with railway shops and mining trade 
[Connection by stages to Boise City, Paradise, Silver 
City, etc.] The next feature of importance is the 

Great Nevada Sandy Desert. By many minor 
stations, to Wadstvorth, with extensive workshops 
and the commencement of ascent of the Sierra 
Nevada Mountains, to 

Rexo, important station, on the Truckee River, 
and great mining centre of supplies and transpor- 
tation. [Stage connection south to Virginia City, 
(the " Comstock " and other great silver lodes), 
Gold Hill, Carson, Washoe, etc.] From Reno by 
several other stations, to Boca, entrance of the State 
of California, with steep ascents and snow-sheds 
following. Next is reached 

Truckee, handsome town, with many saw-mills, 
and point of leaving the railway for Lake Tahoe, 
southward, and Lake Donner, near the town, both 
very beautiful mountain lakes, but the former con- 
sidered by many the most beautiful in any land. 
From Truckee the mountain scenery is very grand, 
though with constant snow-shed interruptions; by 

Summit Station, highest point of the road over the 



270 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Sierras ; by Colfax . [stage connections by Grass 
Valley, Nevada, etc., to Doivnieville]; by Auburn 
[stage connection to Coloma, Placerville and George- 
tozv?i] ; by minor stations, to 

Junction" [connection for Northern California 
and Oregon] ; to 

Sacramento, on the Sacramento river, at the 
junction of the American Fork, Capital of the State 
of California, and provincial railway centre of the 
State. Owing to many fires and equally many in- 
undations, it lies in a disorganized condition, but 
has many objects of interest. The most promi- 
nent features are the Capitol; the Central Pa- 
cific Railivay Works; the Yolo Bridge; some of 
the Flouring Mills and other manufactories. [Con- 
nections: south westward to San Francisco, by rail 
or steamboat on the Sacramento; northward (by 
Junction) to Marysville, etc.] 

Leave Sacramento by boat of the California 
Steam Navigation Company, down the Sacramento 
river to San Francisco. Or, 

Leave Sacramento by rail, by Mokelumne Hill, 
one of the oldest mining-places in California; 

by 

Stockton, important town, commercial empo- 
rium of the southern mines, great wheat-centre, 
and lying at the head of navigation on the San 
Joaquin river; with fine view, northward, of Monte 
Diablo. [Connections : north to Sacramento ; west 
to Oakland and San Jose ; also by steamer to San 



ROUTE NO. 21.- FAR - WESTERN. 271 

Francisco; also point of departure, by stage, foi 
the Big Trees of Calaveras, the Yo-Semite Valley, 
Mariposa, etc.] Stockton to 

Lailirop, junction of the Visalia Division of the 
Central Pacific railway. [Connection opening, by 
this route, to the Big Trees, the Yo-Semite, etc.] 
At beyond Lathrop is crossed the San Joaquin 
river, with views of the Contra Costa Mountains. 
By Ellis, Niles [connection southward, by rail, 
to the Warm Springs of Alameda] ; by Alameda, 
on San Francisco Bay [connection with San Fran- 
cisco by rail and boat ] ; to 

Oakland, large and pleasant town on San 
Francisco Bay, nearly opposite San Francisco, with 
fine shade of oaks, the University of California, and 
many educational institutions. From Oakland 
(Oakland Point), by railway ferry-boat to 

San Francisco. 

Division D. 

SAN FRANCISCO, WITH SHORT EXCURSIONS. 

San Francisco, called the "Metropolis of the 
Pacific," as well as the "Golden City," lies on 
the western side of the Bay of the same name, 
with entrance to the Pacific Ocean through the 
" Golden Gate." It is immense in trade and wealth, 
with singulariy-equable though sometimes-trying 
climate, and a dashing enterprize unparalleled 
elsewhere. California, Montgomery, Clay, and 



272 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Washington are among the principal streets; and 

Market Street divides them between north and 

south, as in Philadelphia. Telegraph Hill, at the 

- northern side, gives a splendid view of the city and 

harbor, and of many of the distant mountains. 

Among leading Public Buildings are the U. S. 
Mint, Commercial street (new one building, at 
Mission and Fifth streets) ; the Custom House 
(with Post office) : Merchants' Exchange, California 
street; New City Hall (building,) Yerba Buena 
Park; U. S. Marine Hospital, Mission street; 
Roman Cath. Orphan Asylum, Market street; St. 
Ignatius 1 College, Market street; etc. Prominent 
Churches : Grace Church (Epis.) ; St. Mary's and 
St. Patrick's Cathedrals (Cath.) ; Calvary Presby- 
terian ; First Methodist; First Baptist; Jewish 
Synagogue Emanuel ; Mariners' Church, etc. Lead- 
ing Theatres : the California, Metropolitan, Maguire's 
Opera House, Alhambra. Chinese Theatres : Du- 
pont street and Jackson street. Leading Hotels* 
the Grand, Occidental, Lick House and Cosmo- 
politan. 

Other Features of Interest will be found, The 
Chinese, whose head-quarters in the Western World 
are at San Francisco, and in whose " quarters " 
"Temples" and Theatres much experience may 
be gained; the Great Sea Wall, building along 
the water-front ; the Water Works, etc. 

Near Excursions will include those to Lone Moun- 
tain Cemetery, with fine outlook ; to the Cliff House> 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR-WESTERN. 273 

(favorite drive or horse-cars); to the Ocean House 
and Race Course, near the latter; to the Hunter's 
Point Dry Docks: to the Mission Dolores (street 
car) ; to the Presidio, Fort Point, etc., (drive or 
street car); and many others, localiy directed, for 
longer sojourners. There are also ferries to Oak- 
land, San Antonio, Alameda, Contra Costa, San 
Quentin and Saucelito. 

[Connections from San Francisco. (Local hotel - 
enquiry advisable, for particulars.) By rail to Sac- 
ramento, Marysville, Oroville, Shasta, (Shasta 
Butte-Mountain) Vrcka and other towns north; 
to Stockton, San Jose, Yisalia, and other towns, 
and New Almaden Mines, south; eastward to Salt 
Lake City, Omaha and the East, by route just 
traversed. (Railway being laid, farther north, to 
Oregon City, Portland, Vancouver, etc.) By 
river-steamer to Sacramento. By sea-steamer on 
the Pacific, to Monterey, St. Luis, Santa Bar- 
iara, Acapulco, and other towns on the Pacific, 
southward; with connection at Panama with the 
Panama Railway and steamers on the Atlantic from 
Aspinwall to New York. Also by sea-steamer 
north to Portland and other towns of Oregon. Also 
by sea-steamer to the Sandwich Islands, with connec- 
tion thence to Australia. Also by Pacific mail 
steamships to Japan" and China, with connections 
to British India, the Peninsular and Oriental 
steamers and overland route to Egypt, Mediter- 
ranean and Europe.] 



274 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division E. 

TO BIG TREES (BOTH GROUPS), AND YO-SEMITE 

VALLEY. 

Leave San Francisco by rail to Sacramento, 
Then rail, by Brighton* Florin, Elk Grove, and 
McConnelVs, to 

Galt. At Gait take stage, by lone City, Jackson 
and Amador, to 

Mokelumne Hill. Mokelnmne Hill, on horse- 
back (no wheeled conveyance as yet practicable), to 
the 

Big Trees of Calaveras, in the county of the 
same name, near the Stanislaus Kiver. They 
are nearly 100 in number; 150 to 325 feet in 
height ; diameter 10 to 30-j- feet ; estimated age> 
1,200 to 2,500 years. The largest in girth, the 
Mother of the Forest, is 61 feet in diameter at 6 feet 
from the ground; and the highest, the Keystone 
State, has a height of 325 feet. (For other names 
and particulars, depend on local guide, always in 
waiting. Hotel at the grove.) 

Leave Big Tree Grove by stage to Sonora and 

Chinese Camp. At latter place change to stage 
for Big Oak Flat; and thence on horseback to 
Hardin's and the Lower Hotel at the 

Yo-Semite Valley, on the Merced Eiver, with 
scenery alleged to be more grand than any other 
on the globe, in many particulars. Special points 
of interest: El Capitan, gigantic separated rock; 



ROUTE NO. 21 — FAR-WESTERN. 275 

the TJiree Brothers, also rocks; the Bridal-Veil 
Fall, 940, feet ; the Royal Arches, rocks ; the Great 
Yosemite Fall, in three leaps of 1,G00, 434 and 600 
feet; the North and South Domes, rocks; Mirror 
Lake: and the stupendous but frightful view of 
the whole Valley, from Inspiration Point. (De- 
pend upon guide, necessary and always in readi- 
ness, for route and particulars.) Hotels at the 
Valley: Ly dig's, Blade's and IIutchings\ Proceed 
to Claries, and thence make detour, a few miles, to 
the 

Big Trees of Mariposa, with no less than 427 
of the monsters, varying from 20 to 34 feet in di- 
ameter, and from 275 to 325 feet in height — many 
of them estimated to be 2,000 to 2,500 years old. 
Return to Clark's. 

For return, horseback from Clark's to Wliite and 
Hatch's ; stage from White and Hatch's to Maripo- 
sa and Modcsta (railway in progress) ; railway from 
Modesta to Lathrop, Stockton, and thence to Sacra- 
mento or San Francisco. 

Shortest time necessary for this excursion, 6 days ; 
advisable time, 8 to 10 days. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 

[towns and other places not indexed or mentioned 

in any of the routes, or with optional 

route here indicated.] 

Adrian (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Afton (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

Allentown (N. J.) from Trenton or Bordentown. 

Amenia (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 

Amherst (Mass.) fiom New London by New London North- 
ern road. 

Ansonia (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nacgatuck road. 

Antietam [Battle Field] (Md.) from Harrisburg to Hagers- 
town ; or from Harper's Perry. 

Appleton (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 

Ashley Falls (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Aspinwall (Isthmus, for California) from New York by 
Pacific Mail Steamers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

Ashburnham (Mass.) from Fitchburg. 

Atchison (Kansas,) by rail from Kansas city, (see this list.) 

Aurora (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake, (see this list.) 

Awn (N. Y.) by rail from Rochester or Batavia. 

Bairibridge (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamtom 

B>rth (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Bath (N. H.) from Wells River. 

Bath (N. Y.) on Buffalo Division of Erie road, from Batavia- 
or Corning. 

Baton Rouge (La.) by steamer from New Orleans. 

Beaufort (S. C.) from Charleston. 

Belfast (Me.) by rail from Waterville, (see this list.) 



278 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Bennington (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls; or from Chat* 
ham Four Corners, (see this list) 

Benicia (Cal.) by boat from San Francisco. 

Bethel (Me.) by rail from Portland or Gorham. 

Bethel (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burlington. 

Bethlehem (N. H.) from Littleton. 

Beverly (Mass ) by rail from Salem, 

Bolton [and Falls] (Vt.) from Ridley's Station, (see this list.) 

Boonevllle (Mo.) by rail from Jefierson City, (see this list); ok* 
from St. Louis, by boat. 

Booneville (N. Y.) from Utica. 

Bowdoin College (Me.) at Brunswick, (see this list.) 

Bradford (Vt.) by rail from "Wells River or White Rivet 
Junction. 

Brandon (Vt.) by rail from Rutland or Burlington. 

Brainiree (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 

Bridgewater (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Bristol (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury, (see this list), or Provi- 
dence. 

Bristol (N". H.) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 

Bristol (R. I.) by rail from Providence. 

Bronkfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Brunmick (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Canaan (Ot.) from Briigeport by Housatonic road. 

Cairo (N". Y.) by stage from Cat-skill. 

CameVs Hump [Mountain] (Vt.) by carriage from Ridley's 
Station, (see this list.) 

Canton (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 

Carlisle (Pa ) by rail from Harrisburg. 

Caseymlle (ill.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Castine (Me.) by boat from Belfast, (see this list.) 

Carbondale (111.) by rait from Cairo. 

Centralia (111.) by rail from Cairo or Chicago. 

Clmteaugay Woods (N. Y.) from Rouse's Point, or from 
Plattsburff. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 279 

Chatfiam (N. J ) by Morris and Essex road from New York. 
Chatham (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York, or Boston 

and Albany road from Boston. 
Charlemont (Mass ) from North Adams. 
Charleston (S. C.) from New York by steamers twice a week 

or oftener. 
Cheat Rider (W. Va.) by rail from Wheeling ; or from Harp- 
er's Ferry. 
Cheshire (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Chester (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Chicopee (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
Chilicoth (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Circieville (O.) by rail from Cincinnati or Zanesville. 
C.arendon [Spri?igs] ( Vt.) by stage from Rutland. 
Clarksburg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry; or from 

Wheeling by Grafton. 
Clifton Springs (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York 

Central road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Coatesville (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Centra] 

road. 
CollinsnJle (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Cooperstown (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Crawfordsville (Incl ) by rail from Indianapolis. 
Croolced Lake (N. Y.) from Penn Yan, (see tbis list.) 
Crolon Foils (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 
Dalles of St. Louis River (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul or Du- 

luth. 
Danbury (Ct.) from Norwalk. 

Danielsonville (Ct ) by r nl from New London or Worcester. 
Deal (N. J.) from Long Branch. 
Deerfield [and South'] (Mass ) by rail from Northampton, (see 

this list.) 
Delaware (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Derby (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 
Dexter (Me.) by rail from Bangor. 



280 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Dover Plains (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 
Downington (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Cen- 

tral road. 
Easthampton (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg 

road. 
Eastport (Me.) by steamer from Boston and from St. John's, 

KB. 
Eatontown (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York; or fivm Long Branch. 
Effingham (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute or St. Louis. 
Englewood (N. J ) from New York by Northern New Jersey 

road. 
Essex Junction (Vt.) from Burlington. 
Falls Village (Ct.) from Bridgeport by H ^usatonic road. 
Farmingdale (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 

rail) from New York. 
Fitchburg (Mass.) by rail from Boston. 
Fitzwilliam (N. H.) by rail from Fitchburg, Mass. 
Flint (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Florence (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road. 
Fishing (L I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 

Flushing railroad. 
Fond du Lac (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie or Duluth. 
Fort William (Canada), by boat from Duluth. 
Foxbowvgh (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 
Fmrildin (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 
Franklin (N. H.) from Concord by Northern New Hamp- 
shire road. 
Freeliold (N. J.) from New York by Camden and Amboy of 

New Jersey roads, by Jamesburg; or from Long Branch. 
Galveston (Texas), by steamer from New Orleans. 
Gardiner (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Gettysburg (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg, by York. 
Glassboro (N. J.) by rail from Camden. 
Gloucester (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 



OFF- UO UTE AIVB MINOR PL A CES. 281 

Grafton (N. H ) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 
Great Barnngton (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic 

ro\d. 
Greensburg (Pa.) from the Pennsylvania Central road at 

Blairsville. 
Greenfield (Mass.) from New Haven, by Northampton. 
Greenpprt (Long Island), from New York by Long Island 

road. 
Greenwich (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
Haclcensadk (N. J.) by Erie road from New York. 
HaMey (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Hagerstown (Md.) by rail from Baltimore, or Harrisburg by 

Chambersburg. 
Hamilton (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Hammondsport (N. Y.) on Crooked Lake, (see this list.) 
Hannibal (Mo.) by rail from Springfield, 111. ; or by river 

from St. Louis. 
Hanover (N. H.) from White River Junction. 
Havana (Cuba) irom New York by Atlantic Mail Steam- 
ers, every Thursday ; and by Vera Cruz Steamers, every 

10 days. 
Haydenville, (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road. 
Higngate Springs (Vt, ) from Rouse's Point. 
Hingham (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 
Hinsdale (Vt.) opposite Brattleboro. 
Holmdel (N. J.) by steamboat from New York to Keyport 

(see this list,) thence by stage. 
Holyoke (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
Honesdale (Pa.) by rail from Lackawaxen, on Erie Road. 
Hoosac Tunnel (Mass.) from North Adams. 
Housatonic (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 
Houston (Texas) by rail irom Galveston (see this list.) 
Howe's and BAVs Caves (N. Y.) from Schoharie (see this list.) 
Ipswich (Mass ) by rail from Salem. 
Isle Royal (Mich.) by boat from Duluth 



282 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ithaci (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake (see this list.) 

Jacksonville (Florida) from Savannah. 

Jacksonville (HI ) by rail from Springfield. 

Jamaica (Long Island) from New York by Long Island road 

Jefferson City (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Jonesboro (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Kane (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia and 
Erie road. 

Kansas City, (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis, or from Omaha. 

Kearsarge Mountain (N. H.) from Concord by Northern 
New Hampshire road. 

Keene (N. H.) by rail from Fitchburg or Bellows Falls. 

Kenosha (Wjs-) by rail from Chicago. 

Kent (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Keyport (N. J.) by steamboat from New York. 

Killington Peak (Vt.) from Rutland. 

Knighistoion (Ind.) by rail from Dayton (O.) or Indianapolis. 

Lafayette (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 

Lake Dunmore (Vt.) by stage from Brandon (see this list.) 

Lake Luzerne (N. Y.) from Saratoga. 

Lake Pleasant (N. Y.) from Amsterdam, New York Centra] 
road. 

Lake Temisconata (Canada) from Riviere du Loup by Grand 
Portage road. 

Lake Umbagog (Me.) from Gorham, N. H. 

Lambertville (N. J.) from Trenton by Belvidere Delaware 
road. 

Lancaster (O.) by rail from Columbus or Zanesville. 

Lawrence, (Kansas) from Kansas City (see this list). 

Lawreweburg (Ind.) by rail from Cir cinnsti. 

Leavenworth (Kansas), by rail from Kansas City (see this list.) 

Lebanon (N. H.) from White River Junction. 

Lee (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Lehigh Water- Gap and Lehighton (Pa.) from Easton by Le- 
high Valley road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 283 

Lenox (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road ; or from 
Albany by Boston and Albany road to Pittsfield. 

Lexington (Mo.) by rail from Sedalia and Jefferson City (see 
tbis lis). 

Litchfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 

Little Rock (Ark.) by rail from Memphis, Tenn. 

Logan (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

London (0 ) by rail from Springfield. 

Long Branch (1ST. J.) route opening, and to all other places in 
near connection, by " All Rail Route," from Railway on 
the New Jersey road.. 

Ludlow (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

Mackinaw (Mich.) from Detroit, by boat. 

MancJies'er (Ct ) by rail from Hartford. 

Manchester (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 

Manchester (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 

Mansfield (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 

Marblehead (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

Marietta (O ) by rail from Wheeling. 

Martha's Vineyard (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 

Martinsburg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry. 

MarUmville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Massena Springs (C inada), from Louisville, on the St. Law- 
rence, near Prescott. 

Matawan (N. J.) by steamboat from New York to Keyport 
(see this list), thence by stage. 

Mauch Chunk (Pi.) fro n Easton by Leliigh Valley road. 

Maysville (Ky.) by rail, or the Ohio river from Cincinnati. 

Meadville (Pa.) from Corry, Oil-Regions. 

Medford (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road. 

Middleboro (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Middleburg (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 

Middletown (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 
rail) from New York. 



284 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Middletown (Pa.) from Harrisburg. 

Milford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 

Milford (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

Minnesota Lakes (Minn.) from St. Paul. 

Missisquoi Springs ( Vt.) from St. Albans, by stage. 

Mitchell ([nd.) by rail from Louisville. 

Mound City [and Mounds'] (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Monroe (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Montpelier (Vt.] from Burlington. 

Mount Desert [and Rock and Idand] (Me.) by steamer from 

Boston, Portland or Bangor. 
Mount Diablo (Cal.) from San Francisco, by San Francisco 

and Oregon Railway, and connections. 
Mount Holly (N. J.) by rail from Camden or Burlington. 
Mount Holyoke (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Katalidin (Me.) by stage from Bangor ; or partially by 

rail from same place. 
Mount Mansfield (Vt.) by carriage from Waterbury, (see this 

list.) 
Mount Tom (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Vernon (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven 

road. 
Mount Vernon (O ) by rail from Newark. 
Nantucket (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 
Narragansett Pier (K. I.) from Kingston, on Stonington and 

Providence road. 
Nassau (New Providence) from New York, by Atlantic Mail 

steamers, irregularly. 
New Britain (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury (see this list) or 

Providence. 
Newburg (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Newburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
New Egypt (N. J.) by rail from Hightstown, Mt. Holly or 

Burlington. 
New Milford (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 285 

New Monmouth (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat 

and rail) from New York. 
New Orleans (La.) from New York by steamers, every Satur 

day or ottener. 
New Philadelphia (O.) by rail from Pittsburg. 
New Rochelle (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven road. 
Newtown, (L. I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 

Flushing railroad. 
Norfolk (Vh.) from New York by steamer, every Saturday 01 

oftener. 
Normal (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
North Adams (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, 

or from Boston, Albany or Troy by Troy and Boston 

roaa. 
North Derby (Vt.) from Lenoxville, Canada, by Massiwippi 

road. 
Northampton, (Mass.) by rail from New Haven. 
Northfield (Mass.) from New London by New London Northern 

road. 
Northfield (Yt.) from Burlington. 
Nm'thumberland (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Central 

road. 
Norwich (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 
Oceanport (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York ; or from Long Branch. 
Oshkosh (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 
Otsego Lake (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Otter Creek Falls (Vt.) from Vergennes (see this list.) 
Oxford (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Oxford (O ) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Owasco Lake (N. Y.) from Auburn (see this list.) 
Parkesburg (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Perm. Central road. 
Parkersburg, (W. Va.) by rail from Wheeling, or from Colum- 
bus, O. 
Passumpsic (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Photnixville (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Reading road. 



286 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Patclwgue (Long Island) from New York by South Side road. 
Pemberton (N. J.) by rail from Hightstown, or from Camden, 

Burlington, or Long Branch. 
Penn Tan (N. Y.) by Northern Central road, from Elmira. 
Perth Amboy, (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 
Peru (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 
Plttsfieid (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, or from 

Albany or Boston by Boston and Albany road. 
Piedmont (W. Va.) by Bait, and Ohio road from Harper's 

Ferry. 
Pittsford (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Piqua (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Plainmlle (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Pontiac (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
Pontiac (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Huron (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Kent (N. Y.) by boat on Lake Champlain, going to or 

from Burlington, Vt. 
Pottsville (Pa.) from Reading. 
Poultney (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Putney (Vt ) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Quincy (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 
Racquette Regions (N. Y.) in connection with Adirondacks 

from Crown Point. 
Ravenna (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Readville (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 
Red Ba^k (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 

rail) from New York. 
Ricemtte (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Richfield Springs (N. Y.) from Sharon Springs ; or from Utica 

or Binghamton by the Utica, Chenango and Susquehan- 
na road. 
Richmond (Ind.) by rail from Xenia or Indianapolis. 
Ridley's Station (Vt.) from Essex Junction, (see this list.) 



OFF ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 287 

Richmond (Va.) from New York by steamer every Saturday 
or often or. 

Rio Janiero (Brazil) from New York by United States and 
Brazil steamers, 23rd of every month. 

Rockville (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 

Rockville (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute. 

Royalton [and South] (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

Sacketfs Harbor (N. Y.) by rail from Rome, on New York 
Central road. 

Saginaw (Mich.) [and East] by rail from Detroit. 

Salem (Ind ) by rail from Louisville. 

Salem (N. J ) by rail from Camden. 

Salem (N. Y.) by Troy and Boston, road, from Troy. 

Salisbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Salisbury [East and Beach] (Mass-) by rail from Salem. 

San Francisco (Cal.) from New York by Pacific Mail steam- 
ers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

San Rafael and San Qaentin (Cal.) by boat from San Fran- 
cisco, and horse. 

Sault Ste. Mane (Mich.) [Rapids and Canal], by boat from De* 
troit. 

Savannah (Ga.) from New York by steamer several times a 
week. [Connection for Florida cities] 

Schoharie (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Bingharuton. 

Schuylkill Haven (Pa.) from Reading. 

Scotch Plains (N. J.) by New Jersey Central road from New 
York. 

Seabrook (N. H.) from Boston or Portsmouth. 

Sedalia (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Seneca Lake (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Cen» 
tral road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 

Seymour (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Shark Riusr (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 



288 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Sharon (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

Sheboygan (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 

Shelburne N. H. from Gorham. 

Slielburne Falls (Mass.) from North Adams. 

SMbyville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

SJieffield (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Sheffield (Pa.) from Ridge way or Irvineton, on Philadelphia 

and Erie road. 
Shrewsbury (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Skeneateles (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Centra] 

road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Sorel (Canada), by steamer from Quebec. 
South Hadley (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
South Paris (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Squan [Beach] (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from 

New York to Shark River, thence stage. 
Squankum (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Stafford (Ct ) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 
Stamtcad (Canada), from Newport, Lake Memphremagog, or 

from Lennoxville. 
St. Augustine (Florida), from Savannah, Ga. 
St. Charles (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 
Sterling (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 
Stillwater (Minn.) from St. Paul. 
St. John Falls (Canada), from Riviere du Loup or from 

Cacouna. 
St. Johnsburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Stockbridge [and West] (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housa- 
tonic 1 oad. 
Stratford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
<S". Thomas (W. I ) from New York by Brazil steamers, 23d 

of every month. 
Sanbury (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Central road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 289 

Superior City (Wis.) by boat from Detroit or Chicago. 

Sutherland Falls (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 

Terrymlle (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury (see this list) or Pro- 
vidence. 

Thetford (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 

Thompson (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester, 

Thunder Bay (Lake Superior) by boat from Duluth. 

Tiffin (Q.) by rail from Sandusky. 

Tolland (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 

Tool's River (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road f r om New 

* York. 

Topeka (Kansas) from Kansas city (see this list.). 

Troy (0.) by rail from Dayton. 

TJrbana (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

Valley Forge (Pa.) from Philadelphia, or from Reading. 

Vandalia (Ind.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Van Demenville (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic 
road. 

Vera Cruz (Mexico), from New Fork by Mexican mail steam- 
ers, every 10 days. 

Vergenn-es (Yt.) by rail from Burlington. 

Vicksburg (Miss.) by river from New Orleans; or rail from 
Jackson. 

Waltham (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 

Warren (0.) by rail from Cleveland. 

Warren (R. L) by rail from Providence. 

Warren (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia 
and Erie road. 

Waterbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Watertown (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 

Waterville (Ct.) by rail from Waterbuiy, (see this list,) oi 
Providence. 

Waterville (Me.) by rail from Portland by Augusta. 

Watkins Glen (N. Y.) from Elmira, Erie road. 

Waukegan (111.) b) 7 rail from Chicago. 



290 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Waukesha (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukee. 

WelUmlle (O ) by Ohio river from Pittsburg. 

West Burke (Vt ) by rail from Wells River. 

Westfield (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road. 

Westminster (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

West Randolph (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burling 

ton. 
Weymouth (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 
White Plains (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 
Wilkesbarre (Pa.) from Easton by Lehigh Valley. 
Williamsburg (Mass.) from New Haven by W. road. 
Wdliamstown (Mass.) from Albany, Troy or Boston, by Troy 

and Boston road. 
Williston (Vt.) from Essex Junction. 
Willoughby Lake (Vt.) from West Burke, (see this list.) 
Wilmington (0.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Winsiead (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Wobum [East] (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road. 
Wolcotville (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Woodbury (N. J.) by rail from Camden. 
Woodstock ( Vt.) from White River Junction. 
Woodbridge (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 
Woonsocket (R. I.) by rail from Providence or Worcester. 
Wyandotte (Kansas.) opp. Kansas city (see this list). 
Wyandotte (Mich.) from Detroit. 
Wyoming (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul. 
Wyoming Valley (Pa.) from Scranton, by the Lackawanna 

and Bloomsburg road. 
Yankton (Dacotah), by the Missouri river from Sioux city. 
Yellow Springs (O.) by rail from Xenia or Cincinnati. 
York (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg. 



INDEX. 



[PLACES AND ROUTES. FOR PLACES THEMSELVES, SEE FIGURES IN HEATT 
TYPE ; FOR PLACES NOT FOUND IN THIS INDEX, SEE " OFF- 
ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES," PRECEDING.] 



Ac.ipulco, Mex., 273. 
Adirondack Mountains, 97, 100. 
Adrian, Mien., 227, 235. 
Akron, Ohio, 210. 
Alameiia (and Warm Springs), 

Cai., 271, 273. 
Albany, N. Y., 70. 
Albion, Mich., 235. 
Albion, N. Y., 77. 
Alexandria, Va., 183, 185, 195. 
Alkali, Neb., 265. 
Allegheny City, Pa., 200. 
Allegheny Mountains, 199. 
Allegheny Springs, Va., 195. 
Allt-ntown, Pa., 208. 
Alliance, O., 210. 
Altoona, Pa., 199. 
Alton Bay, N. H , 125, 129. 
Abon, 111., 224, 239, 261, 263. 
Alton, N. H., 129. 
Amador, Cal., 274. 
Amherst, Maes., 139. 
Ammonoosuc Falls, N. H., 134. 
Anchorage, Ky., 217. 
Andover, North, Mass, 124. 
Annapolis Junction. Md., 171. 
Annapolis, Md.. 168, 171. 
Ann Arbor, Mich., 235. 
Appomattox, Va., 195. 
Aquia Creek, Va., 183, 185. 
Argenta, Nev., 269. 
Arlington House, Va., 182. 
Arnprior, Can., 243. 
Arthabasca (Junction!, Can., 128, 

251. 
Ashland, Iowa, 263. 
Ashland. Ky., 217. 
Aspen, Utah, 267. 
Aspinwall, Cent. Amer., 273. 
Athens, N. Y., 70. 



Athens, O., 203. 
Atlanta, Ga., 191. 
At antic, Iowa, 264. 
Atlantic City, N. J., 150, 160. 
Attleboro, Mass., 110. 
Auburn, Cal.. 270. 
Auburn, N. Y., 76. 
Augusta, Ga., 191. 
Augusta, Me., 127. 
Au sable River, N. Y., 100. . 
Austin, Iowa, 238, 261, 262. 
Austin, Nev., 269. 
Australia (to), 273. 



Balaton Spa, N. Y.,91. 

Baltimore, Md., 164, 198, 201— 
Fort McHenry, 165 — Monu- 
ments, 165 — Streets, 165— 
Public Buildings, 166— Churches 
166— Lit. Inst., 166— Theatres, 
167— Hotels, 167— Cemeteries, 
167— Excursions, 168 — Longer 
Excursions, 168, 169, 170. 

Bangor, Me., 127. 

Barrytown, N. Y., 68. 

Batavia, N. Y., 77. 

Bathurst, N. B., 260. 

Battle Creek, Mich., 235. 

Battle Mountain, Nev., 269. 

Bay City, Mich., 240. 

Beauport, Can., 253. 

Beaverton, Can., 242. 

Becancour, Can., 128. 

Bedford Springs, Pa., 199. 

Bel-Air, Md , 168. 

Belle Air, O., 202. 

Belleville, Can., 243. 

Bellows Falls, Vt., 140. 

Belmont, Mo., 220. 

Belmont, Nev., 269. 



292 



INDEX. 



Beloit, Wis., 238. 

Bergen Point, N. J., 58, 149, 206. 

Bergen Tunnel, N. J., 83. 

Berlin, Can., 232, 242. 

Bethlehem, N. H.,134. 

Bethlehem, Pa., 208. 

Beverley, N. J., 150. 

Biddeord, Me., 125. 

Big Oak Flat, Cal., 274. 

Big Trees of Calaveras, Cal., 271, 
274. 

Big Trees of Mariposa, Cal., 275. 

Big Tunnel, Va , 195. 

Binghamton, N. Y., 76, 87. 

Bird's Point, Mo., 221. 

Birmingham, Pa., 200. 

Bismarck, Mo., 221. 

Bitter Creek, Wyo,, 266. 

Black River, Can., 128. 

Bladensburg, Md., 171. 

Blairsville, Pa., 200. 

Bloody Pond, N. Y., 95. 

Bloomington, 111., 224, 261, 262, 
263. 

Bloomsbury, N. J., 207. 

Boca,- Cal., 269. 

Boise City, Idaho, 268, 269. 

Bonsack's, Va.. 195. 

Boone, Iowa. 262. 

Boonton, N. J., 228. 

Bordentown, N. J., 148, 150, 
. 160. 

Boston, 107, no, 115, 251— 
Streets, 117— Public Grounds, 
117 — Antiquities, 117 — Public 
Buildings, 118— Monuments, 119 
— Churche?, 119— Libraries and 
Lit. Inst., 119— Theatres, 120— 
Hotels, 120— Excursions, 120 — 
Harvard University, 120— Wash- 
ington Head Quarters, 121— 
Mount Auburn Cemetery, 121— 
Longer Excursions, 121, 122. 

Bothwell, Can., 232. 

Bound Brook, N. J., 206. 

Bowling Green, Ky., 219. 

Bowmanville, Can , 242. 

Bradford, Mass., 124. 

Branch Intersection, Pa., 198. 

Branchville, S. C, 191. 

Brandywine Creek, Pa., 162. 

Brattleboro, Vt , 140. 

Breckenriclge, Minn., 239. 

Bridgeport. Ct., 103. 

Bridgeton, N. J., 150, 159. 

Brighton, Cal., 274. 

Brighton, Mass., 107. 



Bristol, Pa,, 148. 

Bristol, Tenn , 195. 

Brockport, N. Y., 77 

Brockville, Can., 24b. 

Brooklyn connection with New 
York)— Streets, 47 — Churches, 
50— Public Buildings, 51— Hotels 
53— Theatres, 54— Churches for 
Service, 54— Public Grounds, 55, 
57— Prospect Park, 57— Green- 
wood Cemetery. 57— Excursions 
57, 58— Navy Yard, 58. 

Brown's, Can., 246. 

Brown University, 109, 

Bryan, Wyo., 267. 

Buckingham, Can., 246. 

Bucyrus, O. , 210. 

Budd's Lake, N. J., 60, 228. 

Buffalo, N. Y., 89, 232, 234, 
240. 

Buford, Wyo , 266. 

Bull Run (Battle-fleld>, Va., 183. 

Bulstrode, Can., 128, 251. 

Bureau, 111., 263. 

Burkevilie (Junction), Va., 195. 

BurliDgton, Iowa, 215, 238, 239, 
261, 263, 264. 

Burlington, N. J., 150, 160. 

Burlington, Vt., 100, 101, 140. 

Bush River Bridge, Md., 164 

€. 

Cacouna, Can., 255. 
Cairo, 111., 194, 205, 216, 220. 
Caldwell, N. Y.. 95. 
Caledonia, N, Y., 77. 
Caledonia Springs, Can., 246. 
California Junction, Iowa, 264. 265. 
Callicoon, N. Y., 86. 
Calvary Mountain, Can., 247. 
Camden, N. J., 148, 150, 159. 
Camel's Hump Mountain, Vt., luo. 
Canandaigu i, N. Y., 77. 
Canton, 0., 210. 
Cape Cod, Mass., 122. 
Cape Elizabeth, Me., 125. 
Cape Mav, N. J., 150. 160. 
Cape Rouge, Can., 253. 
Cape Vincent, N. Y., 243. 
Carbon, Wvo., 266. 
Camondale, Pa., 229. 
Carillon, C n., 246. 
Carleton Place, Cao., 243. 245. 
Carlin, Nev., 269. 
Carlisle, Pa . 198. 
Carson, Nev., 269. 



INDEX. 



Carter, Utah. 267. 
Cascade Bridge, N. Y , 87. 
Casey, Iowa, 264. 
Castie Rock, Utah, 267. 
Castletou, N. Y.. 70. 
Castleton, Vt, % 101. 
Catawissa, Pa., 209. 
Catskill Landing, S. Y.. 68. 
Catskill Mountain Houee, 69. 
Cave City, Ky., 218. 
Cayuga, N. Y., 77. 
Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 215, 238 261. 

263. 
Central City, Col., 266. 
Centre Harbor, N. H., 102, 130, 

13S. 
Charnbersburg, Pa., 183, 198. 
Champaign, III., 224. 
Charles City, Iowa, 238. 
Charles on, Mo.. 221. 

CdARLESTON, S. C, 18 >, 189. 

Charlotte, N. Y., 77. 
Obariotte Town, P. E I., 259. 
Charlottesville, Va., 183, 195. 
Chatham, Can.. 232. 
Chattano ij, Tenn., 191, 196. 
Chaudiere, Junction, Can.. 128. 

254, 255, 256. 
Chaudiere Falls, Can., 2-44, 253. 
Chelsea, Mass., 122. 
Chenoa. 111., 224. 
Cherry Valley, N. Y., 74. 
Chester, N. J., 228. 
Chester, Pa., 162. 
Chester. Va., 186. 
Cheyenne. Wvo.,265. 
CHICAGO, 111., 201. 205, 212, 220. 

223, 225, 227, 234, 236, 238, 239. 
Chicamauga, Tenn., 196. 
China (to\ 273. 
Chinese Camp, Cal., 274. 
Cincinnati, O., 201, 202, 204, 

205, 210, 216, 221, 223, 227. 
C'aremont. Vt., 140. 
Clearfield, Pa., 199. 
Cleveland. O.. 201, 202, 203, 205, 

210, 216, 226, 240. 
Clinton, Iowa, 261. 
Clyde, N. Y., 77. 
Clyde, ()., 227. 
Coal Region* of Pennsylvania, 

207. 208, 229. 
Coatesvilie. Pa.. 197. 
Coburg, Can., 242. 
Cohoes Falls, N. V.. 71. 
Coiborne, Can., 243. 
Cold Spring, N. Y., 66. 



Colfax, Cal., 270. 
Collins' Bay, Can., 243. 
Colmar, Iowa, 238. 
Coloma, Cal., 270. 
Columbia, Ind., 211. 
Columbia, Pa., 198. 
Columbia, S. C, 188, 191. 
Columbia Springs (route to), 70. 
Columbus, Kv., 220. 
Columbus, 0., 202, 210, 227. 
Culumbu«, Neb., 265. 
Communipa 1 - , N. J., 206. 
Como, Ca::., 247. 
Coney Island, N. V., 58. 
Concord, Mass., 123, 136. 

CONCORD, N. H., 124, 125, 137. 

Conemaugh Station. Pa., 199. 

contia Costa, Cal.. 273. 

Conway, N. H., 102, 129, 131, 

138 
Conway Valley, N. H., 130. 
Coopen-town, N. Y., 74. 
Connne, U*ah, 268. 
Corning, N. Y., 77, 88. 
Cornwall Landing, N. Y., 66. 
Corry, Pa., 89, 198, 226, 230. 
Coshocton, O., 202, 227. 
Council Bluffs, Iowa, 363, 264. 
« ovington, Ky.. 204, 217. 
Coxsackie, N. Y.. 7o. 
Cranberry, N. J.. 150. 
Crawford House. N. H., 133. 
C esson, Pa., 199. 
Cres'line, O.. 210. 
Creston, Wyo., 266. 
CrHfield. Md., 163. 
Croton River, N. Y., 63. 
Culpepper, Va., 183. 
Cumbeiland, Md.. 170, 201. 

D. 

Dan vers, No., Mass., 124. 
Danville, Can., 128. 
Danville Junction, Me., 127. 
Darien, Ct., 103. 
Davenport, Iowa. 239, 263. 
DavtOD. O., 204, 210, 211. 227. 
Delaware Water tiap. 60, 160, 

207 229. 
Denn'ison, O., 202. 
Denver, Col., 266. 
Deposit, N. Y., 86. 
Des Moines, Iowa, 215. 262, 264. 
Detroit, Mich., 210, 211, 216, 227, 

233. 240. 
Devil's Gate, Utah, 267. 



294 



INDEX. 



Dexter, I >wa, 264. 
Dixon, 111, 261. 
Dobbs Ferry, N. Y., 63. 
Dorsey. Md., 171. 
Doucet's Landing, Can., 128. 
Dover, Del., 163. 
Dover, N. J., 228. 
Dover, N. H., 125, 129, 137. 
Dowm vilie Cal., 270. 
Downington, Pa., 197. 
Drakesville, N. J., 228. 
Dresden Junction, 0., 202. 
Dubuque, Iowa, 239, 261. 
Duluth, Minn., 238, 240. 
Dnndas, Can., 232* 
Dunkirk, N. Y., 89 226. 
DunMth, Iowa, 261. 
Dunville, Can., 232. 
Durham, N. H., 125. 

E. 

Easton, Pa., 160, 207, 229. 

East Penn. Junction, Pa., 208. 

Eatontown, N. .1., 59. 

Ebeu-burg, Pa., 199. 

Echo Cauon (and City), Utah, 267. 

Echo Lake, N. H., 141. 

Egypt .to), 273. 

Elgin. 111., from Chicago, 212 to 216. 

Eizabeth City, Va., 169. 

Elizabeth, N. J.. 59, 145, 197. 

206. 
Elizabethport, N. J., 149. 2C6. 
Eik Grove, Cal., 274. 
Elkhar r , Inu., 227. 
Elkhorn, Neb., 265. 
Eikhorn, Wis., 237. 
Elko, Nev., 268. 
Klkton, Md., 163. 
Ellicott's Mills, Md., 170 
El It". Cal., 271. 
Elmira, N. Y., 88, 198. 
Eminence, Ky., 217. 
Emporium, Pa., 230. 
Englewood, 111., 262. 
Erie Canal, 74. 

Erie, Pa., 198, 201, 226, 230, 240. 
Essex Junction. Vt., 101. 
E'.irope (to, by Pacific), 273. 
Evansville, Ind., 219. 
Exeter, N. H., 125. 

F. 

Fairfax fonrt-Houfe, Va.. 183. 
Jail River. Mass.. 113, 114. 



Falls of the Ammonoosuc, N. H., 

134. 
Falls of the Chaudiere, Can., 244* 

253. 
Falls' of Cohoes, N. Y., 71. 
Falls of tue Genesee, N. Y., 77. 
Falls, Glen Ellis, N. H., 131. 
Fads. Glenn'.-*, N. Y., 95. , 
Falls, Kauterskill, N. Y., 69. 
Falls of Minnehaha, Minn . 239. 
Falls of Niagara, 77, 78, 242. 
Falls, Passaic, 59, 84. 
Falls of the Potomac, D. C, 182. 
Fall", Rideau, Can., 244, 245. 
Falls of the Sawkill, N. Y., 86. 
Falls of St. Anne, Can., 247. 
Falls of St. Anthony, Mum , 239. 
Falls of Trenton, N. Y., 75. 
Falls of the Yo Semite, Cal., 275. 
Farmington, NT. H., 129. 
Fish kill Landiug, N. Y., 66. 
Fitchburg, Mass., 140. 
Flemington, N. J., 2^7. 
Florence, S. C , 189. 
Florin, Cal., 274. 
Flume, The (and House), N. H., 

142. 
Fonda. N. Y., 74. 
Fdest, O., 210. 
Fort Bridger, Utah, 267. 
Fort Dodge, Iowa. 262, 264 
Fort Hamilton, N. Y., 58. 
Fort Howard, Wis., 261. 
Fort Massasauga. Can.. 257. 
Fort Niagara, N. Y., 257. 
Fort Plain, N. Y , 74. 
Fort Saunders, Wyo.. 266. 
Fort Schuvler. N. Y., 111. 
Fort Sedgwick, Neb., 265. 
Fort Sneiling, Minn., 23 J. 
Fort Washington, Va., 1S5. 
Fort Wayne, Ind., 201. 211,224, 

227, 235. 262 
Fortress Monroe, Va.. 169. 
Four Lakes, Wis., 238. 
Foxboro, Mass., 110 
Framingham, Mass.. 107. 
Franconia Notch, N. II., 134. 
Frankford, Pa., 148. 
Fianklinton, Md., 168. 
Frederick. Md- 170. 
Fivdericsburg, Va., 185. 
Fredericton, tf, B., 259. 
Freehold, N. J.. 149. 
Freeport, HI., 237, 261,263. 
Freeport. Pa.. 200. 
Fiviaoiit, <>.. 227. 



INDEX. 



295 



Fremont, Neb., 262, 265. 
Frenchman's Bay, Can , 242. 



G. 

Galena, 111., 239. 
Gait, Cal., 274. 
Galveston, Texas, 192, 194. 
Gananoque, Can., 243. 
Garrisun's Landing, N. Y., 64. 
Gatineau River, Can., 245. 
Genesee Falls, N. Y., 77. 
Geneva, N. Y.. 77. 
Genoa, 111., 237. 
Georgetown, Cal., 270. 
Georgetown, D. C, 1-2. 
Georgetown, Mass., 124. 
Germautown, Pa., 159. 
Gilmore, Neb., 265. 
Girard, Pa., 226. 
Glen Allen, Mo., 221. 
Glencoe, Can., 232. 
Glen Cove, L. I., 61. 
Glen Ellis Falls. N. H., 131. 
Glen House, N. H., 131. 
Glenn's Kails. N. Y., 95. 
Goderich, Cm.. 232. 240. 
Golden City, Cal. 266. 
Gold Hill, Nev.. 269 
Gotiic. N. H., 129. 
Gordonsville, Ya. 183, 186. 
Gorliam, N. H.. 102, 12? ,251. 
GosportNavy Yard, Ya , 169. 
Grafton. Mass., 107. 
Grand Haven, Mich., 227. 235. 
Grand Island, Neb., 265. 
Grand Junction, Iowa, 262. 
Grand Rapids, Mich., 235. 
Granger, Utah, 267. 
Granite <anon. Wyo., 266. 
Grass Ya'ley, Cal., 270. 
Great American De-ert. 268. 
Great Bend, N. Y., 87. 229. 
Great Falls. N. H., 125. 
Great Nevada Sandy Desen. 269. 
Great Salt Lake, Utah. 268. 
Green Bay, Wis . 215, 261. 
Greenbush, N. Y., 70 
Gieenfield, Mass., 140. 
Greenport. L. I., 61. 
Green River. Wyo., 266. 
Greensboro, N. C , 188. 
Greensimrg, Pa., 200. 
Greenwich. Fast, R. L. 109. 
Greenuno.i Lake, N. V.. 85. 
Greuville, Can.. 246. 



Greycourt, N. Y., 85. 
Grimsby, Can., 231. 
Grinned, Iowa, 263. 
Groton, Ct., 108. 

Groton Junction, Mass., 136, 140. 
Grout's Corners, Mass., 140. 
Guelph, Can., 232, 242. 
Gunpowder diver Bridge, Md., 
164. 

H. 

Haekettstowfl, N. J., 60, 228. 

Ha Ha Bay, Can., 256. 

Halifax, N. S., 250, 5359. 

Hamilton, Can., 331, 241. 

Hamilton, O., 210. 

Hampton Junction, N. J., 207, 228, 

Hampton, N. H., 125. 

Hampton and Roads*, Va , 169. 

Hancock, N. Y., 86. 

Hannibal, Mo , 239. 

Hanover, Md., 171. 

Hnnover, Va., Ib3. 

Harper's Ferry, W. Ya., 170. 171, 
183, 201. 

H ARTFoKD, Ct., 105. 

Harrisburg, Can., 232. 

llvRKISBURG, Pa., 160. 163, 198, 
209. 

Harvard University, 120. 

Haverhill., Mass., 124. 

Ilavai a Cuba, 194. 

Havre de Grace, Md., 162, 1«33. 

llawkesburv. Can., 246. 

Hazard, Wyo., 266. 

Hazleton, Pa.. 209. 

Helena, New, 268. 

Henderson, Ky., 219. 

Herkimer, N. Y., 74. 

Hermitage, the. Tenn., 219. 

Hickford Jnnction, Ya., 189. 

Highlands of Navesiuk. 59. 

Highlands of ihe Hudson. 63. 

Hightstown. N. J.. 150. 

Hillsdale, Mich., 227. 

Hillsdale, Wyo., 265. 

Hoi token, N. J., 58. 

llomewood. Pa., 210. 

Honcsdale, Pa., 229. 

Hoosic Tunnel, Mass., 136, 

Horicon, Wis., 237. 

11 irnellsville, N. Y., 89. 

Hudson. Can., 247. 

Hudson, N. Y., 70. 

I Hvannis, Mass., 122. 

i Hyde Park, N. Y., 67. 



29C 



INDEX. 



I. 

Indiana, Pa.. 200. 

India (to), 273. 

Indianopolis, Ind.. 211, 218, 

223. 
lone City, Cal., 274. 
Iowa City, Iowa, 263. 
Island Pond, 127, 251, 253, 255. 
Isle ol" Shoals. N. H., 125. 
Iron Mountain, Mo., 221. 
Ironton, Mo , 221. 
Irvineton, Pa., 230. 
Itnaca, N. Y., 88. 

J. 

Jackson, Cal , 274. 
Jackson, Mich., 235. 
Jackson, Miss., 194. 
Jacksonville, III., 224. 
Jamaica, L. 1., 61. 
Jamesburg, N. J., 149. 
Jamebtown (ruins), Va , I w . 
Janesville, Wis., 215, 237. 
Japan (to), 273. 
Jefferson City, Mo , 223. 
Jefferson ville, Ind ,218 
Jersey City, N. J., i44, 197. 
Johnsonville, Teun., 220. 
Johnstown, Pa., 199. 
Joliet, 111., 224, 262. 
Jonesville, Mich., 227. 
Julesburg, Neb., 265. 

K. 

Kalamazoo, Mich., 227, 234, 235. 
Kauterskill Falls. 69. 
Kearney (and Fort; Neb., 265. 
Keene, N. 11., 140. 
Keeseville, N. Y.. 100. 
Kelton. Utah, 268. 
Kenosha, Wis., 237. 
Kennebuuk, Me., 125. 
Kensington, Pa., 148. 
Keokuk, Iowa, 239, 261, 262, 26 k 
Kinderhook, N. Y., 70. 
Kingston, Can., 243, 257. 
Kingston, N. Y., 67. 
K.ngsville, S. C, 191. 
Kirtery, Maine, 125. 
Knoxville, Tenn., 188, 195, 219. 
Komoka, Can., 232. 

Ii. 

Lachine, Can., 247. 
Lachine Rapids, Can., 250. 



La<kawaxen. X. Y , 86. 

L Crosse, Wis., 239. 

Lafayette., Ind., 211. 

Lafayette College. 208. 

Lagrange, Ky., 217. 

Lake Champlai ». 99. 

Lake Donner, Cal., 269. 

Lake George, 95. 

Lake Hopatcong 60, 228. 

Lake M;ihopac, 60. 

Lake Meinphremagog, Can., 127, 

138, 140. 
Lake Pepin, Minn., 239. 
Lake Ponchartrain, La., 194. 
Lake Simcoe, Can., 242 
Lake St. Charles, Can.. 253, 254. 
Lake St. CI ur, 233. 
Lake St. Louis, Can., 247. 
Lake St. Peter, Can.. 328. 
Lake Superior, 215, 240. 
Lake Superior Copper Regions, 

240. 
Lake Superior Iron Regions, 240. 
Lake Tahoe, Cal., 269. 
Lake Winnepesaukie. 125, 129. 
Lake ol the Two Mountains, c an., 

247. 
Lambertville, N. J., 207. 
Lamokin Juuctiou, Pa., 162. 
Lancaster, Pa., 160, 197. 
L'Ance a l'Eau, Can., 255. 
Lanesborough, N. Y., 87. 
Lansing, Mich., 235. 
Lansingburgh, N. Y., 7L. 
Laporie, Ind., 227. 
La Prairie, Can., 100. 
Laramie, Wyo., 266. 
La Salle. 111., 263. 
Latlirop, < al., 271, 275. 
Laurel, Md., 171. 
Lawrence, Mass., 122, 144, 136. 
Lawrenceville, Pa , 200. 
Lawron, Mich., 236. 
Lazaretto, The, Pa., 162. 
Lebanon, Pa , 198, 209. 
Lebanon Springs, N. Y., 70. 
Leesburg, Va., 183. 
Leetonia, O., 210. 
Leunoxville, Can., 135. 
Le Roy, X. Y., 77. 
Lewes, Del., 163. 
Lewiston, N. Y., 242, 257. 
Lewiston, Pa., 199. 
Lexington (and Junction), Ky., 

217. 
Lima, O., 211, 227. 
Lincoln, Neb.. 262. 



INDEX. 



29: 



L'Islet, Can., 254. 

Little Falls, N. Y., 74. 

Little Rock, Ark., 220. 

Littleton, N. H., 102, 1 39, 140. 

Lock Haven. Pa., 199, 230. 

Lnckport, N. Y., 77. 

Logansport, IncL, 211, 224, 227. 

London, Can., 232. 

London, 0., 203. 

Long Branch, N. J., 59, 149, 150, 

161. 
LongSault Rapids', Can., 246. 
Lockout Mountain, 196. 
Loreite, Can., 253. 
L'Original, Can., 246. 
LorrsviLLE, Kv., 211, 21 7, 221. 
Loveland, 0., 204. 
Lowell, Mass., 121, 124, 136. 
Lundy's Lane, Can., 81. 
Lyme, Cr., 10S. 
Lvme, E. & S., Ct.. 108. 
Lynn, Mass., 121, 122 
Lynchburg, Va., 195. 
Lyons, N. Y., 77. 

Macon, Ga., 191. 
Madison, N. J., 228. 
Mathson, Wis , 215, 237, 261. 
Major's, Can ,246. 
Maiden, N, Y., 68. 
Maiden (So.) Mass., 122. 
Mallory Town, Can.. 243. 
Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, 218. 
Manassas Jumtion. Va., 183, 195. 
Mancliester.N. H., 124, 137. 
Mankato, Minn , 238. 
Mmsfield, Mass., 110. 
Mansfield, O , 210. 
Mantua Junction, Pa , 197. 
Manunkachunk. X.J,, 228, 229. 
Marietta, O., 204. 
Mariposa. Cal , 275. 
Marshall, Iowa, 262. 
Marshall, Mich., 235. 
Martinsbnrg. Pa., 199. 
Marquaud, Mo., 221. 
Marquette, Lake Superior, 240. 
Mansville, Cal., 270, 273. 
Mason Citv, Iowa, 262, 263. 
Massillou, 1 0., 210. 
Ma^t Hope, N. Y., 86. 
McG'egor, Iowa, 238. 
McKenzie, Tenn , 2<!0. 
McPherson(and Fort), Neb., 265. 
Medford, Mass., 124. 



Medina, N. Y., 77. 

Memphis Junction, Ky.. 219. 

Memphis, Tenn., 194, 196 219, 220. 

Mendota, 111., 263. 

Mendota Junction, Minn.. 238. 

Meredith Village, N. H., 101, 138. 

Meriden, Ct . 105. 

Meridian, Miss., 196. 

Mcrrimac River and Vallev, 136. 

Michigan Citv. Mich., 236. 

Middlebury, Vt , 101. 

Middletown, N. Y., 85. 

Middletown, Pa., 198. 

Milford, Va., 186. 

Millville, N. J.. 150. 

Milton, Pa., 229. 

Milton, Wis., 237. 

Milrov, Pa., 199. 

Milwaukie, Wis., 215, 237, 239, 

261. 
Mineral Point, Mo., 221. 
Mingo Junction, O. 202. 
Minneapolis, Minn., 23s. 
Minnehaha, Min.. 238. 
Mississ ppi. Mouths of. 194. 
M s^ouri Valley Junciion, Iowa, 

262. 
Mobile, Ala., 193, 196. 
Modesta. Cal., 275. 
Mohawk Valley, N. Y.. 73. 
Mok- lumne Hill Cal., 270. 274. 
Monmouth Junction, N. J., 149. 
Monocacy (and Va ley), Md., 170. 
Monroeville, O , 227. 
Monson, Mass., 139. 
Monterey, Cal , 273. 
Montgomery, Ala., 191, 196, 

220. 
Monticello, Va., 1S3. 
Montmorenci. Falls of, Can., 253. 
Montpelier, Vt., 140. 
Montreal. Can., 138, 242, 243, 

244, 245, 247, 253. 255, 257. 
Moosehead Lake, 127. 
Moreau Station, N. } ., 95. 
Morrison, ID., 261. 
Morristown, N. J., 60, 338. 
Morrow, O., 204. 
Moscow, Iowa, 263. 
Mound City, 111., 220. 
Mount Hol'lv, N. J., IdO. 
Mount Hope, R. I., 113, 114. 
Mt Jov, Pa.. 198 
Mt. Lafayette, N. H., 141, 143. 
Mt. Mansfield, Vt., 100. 
Mountain of Rigaud, The, Can., 

246. 



298 



INDEX. 



Mount Vernon, Va,, 184, 185. 

Mount Washington. N. H., 131, 

132. 
Mount Webster, N. H., 133. 
Mount AVillard. N. H., 133. 
Murray Bay, Can., 254. 
Muscatine. Iowa, 263. 
Mystic, Ct,, 109. 

N. 

Nahant, Mass, 121.. 

Napanee, Cau., 243. 

Narrowsburg. N. Y., 86. 

Nashville, Tenn., 191. 219. 

Nashua, Mass.. 122, 124 

Natiek, Mass., 107. 

Natural Bridge, Va., 195. 

Nauvoo, 111., 239. 

Nebraska City, Neb., 262. 

Nevada, Cal , 270. 

New Almaden Mines, Cal.. 273. 

Newark, N. J., 59, 144, 197, 228. 

Newark, 0., 202. 

New Baltimore. N. Y., 70. 

New Bedford, Mass., 122. 

New Brighton, S. I., 59. 

New Brunswick, N. J., 146, 
197. 

New Buffalo, Mich., 236. 

Newburyh, N. Y., 67. 

Newburyport, Mass., 124. 

Newcastle (and Junction^, Del., 
163. 

Newcastle, Pa., 210. 

New Durham, N. H., 129 

New Haven, Ct., 104, 107. 

New Lisbon, O , 210. 

New London, Ct., 108, 114. 136. 
139. 

Newmarket Junction. N. H., 125 

Newmarket, N. H., 125. 

New Orleans, La., 192, 196, 
223 239 

Newport. Ky . 204. 

Newport, R. I., ill. 

Newport, Vt., 138, 140. 

Newton, N J., 228. 

New York City, 42— Harbor. 42 
— Streets, 46 — Museums, 47— 
Libraries, 47— Public Galleries. 
47— Educational Institutions. 48 
—Monuments, 49 — Antiquities, 
49— Churches, 49— Public Build- 
ings, 50— Commercial Buildings, 
51— Private Dwe lings, 52— Hotel 
Buildings (Hotels*. 53— Theatres, 



53— Churches for Service, 54— 
Public Grounds, 55, 56, 57— Cen- 
tral Park, 56— Excursions, 58 to 
61 — High Bridge, 57 — Jerome 
Park, 57— Longer Excursions,, 
59. 

Niagara Falls, 77, 78, 242. 

Niagara (Village), N. Y.. 257. 

Niles, Cal., 271 

Niles, Mich., 236. 

Noriolk, Va., 163 168. 

Norristown, Pa.. 160. 

North Adams, Mass., 140. 

North Bend, Neb., 265. 

North Platte, Neb., 265. 

Nor walk, Ct., 103. 

Norwich, Ct., 114, 136, 139, 

O. 

Oak Hill, N. Y., 68. 

Oakland, Cal, 270. 27 1* 273. 

Oakville, Can., 241. 

Oberlin, O., 227. 

Ogallala, Neb, 265. 

Ooden, Utah, 267. 

Ogdensburgh, N. Y., 76, 244, 245, 

258. 
Oil City, Pa., 201, 230. 
Oil Region?, Pa., 89, 201. 226. 230. 
Old Man of the Mountain, N. H., 

141. 
Old Point Comfort. Va , 169. 
Oleopolis, Pa., 230. 
Omaha, Neb., 216, 223, 262, 264, 

273. 
Ontonagon, Lake Superior. 240. 
Orange Court House, Va., 183. 
Orange, N. J., 228. 
Oregon City, Oregon, 273. 
Orient, L. I., 61. 
Orleans, Island of, Can., 254. 
Oroville, Cal., 273. 
Orville, O., 210. 
Osino, Nev., 268. 
Oswego N. Y.. 76. 
Otsego Lake, N. Y., 74. 
Ottawa, Can , 243, 244, 250, 258 
Ottumwa. Iowa. 262. 264. 
Overlook Mountain House, 67. 
Owatona, Minn., 238 
Owego, N. Y., 88. 

P. 

Paducah (and Junction), Ky., 220. 
Painesville, Pa. 226. 



INDEX. 



2M 



Palatine Bridge, N. Y., 74. 

Palisade, Nev., 269. 

Palisades, the Hudson, 63. 

Palmer. Mass , 106, 139. 

Palmyra, N. Y., 77. 

Panama Cent Amor., 273. 

Paradise, Idaho, 269. 

Paris. Can., 232. 

Parma, Mich., 235. 

Passaic Falls. 59. 84. 

Paterson. N. J., 58. 8 3. 

Pawtucket, R L, HO. 

Peaks ot Otter Va., 195. 

Pekin, 111.. 224. 

Pemberton, N. J., 150. 

Pensacola, Fla., 192. 

Peoria, 111., 211, 224, 263. 

Pequop.Nev.. 268. 

Percy. Wyo.,266. 

Perth Ambov, N. J.. 149. 

Peterboro, Can., 243. 

Petersburg, Va.. 189. 

Petrolia, Can., 232. 

Philadelphia. Pa . 1 51-Streets, 
152— Public Buildings, 153— An- 
tiquities, 154 — Public Grounds, 
154 — Fairmount, 1 54 — Churches, 
156 — Libraries, 156 — Theatres, 
etc., 157— Hotels, 157— Excur- 
sions, 157— Navy Yard. 157 — 
Arsenals, 158 — Laurel Hill Ceme- 
tery, 158— The Wissahickon, 158 
— Germantown. 159— Red Bank 
and Fort Mifflin, 159— Penn's 
Rock, 159 — Falls ol the Schuyl- 
hill, 159 — Longer Excursions, 
160. 

Philipsburg, N. J., 207. 

Pictou, N. S., 260. 

Pictured Rocks. Lake Superior, 
240. 

Piermont, N. Y.. 63. 

Pike's Peak, Col., 266. 

Pilot Knob., Mo., 221. 

Pine Bluff-, Neb.. 265. 

Pinkham Notch, N. H., 131. 

Ph hole (and Creek) Pa.. 230. 

Pittsburo, Pa., 170, 200, 202, 
226, 262. 

Pittsfield, Mass.. 139. 

Pi tston. Pa., 208, 229. 

Placerville. Cal.. 270. 

Plainfield, Ct . 115 

Pla nfield N. J.. 206. 

Piattsburg, N. Y.. 99. 

Plum Creek. Neb.. 265 

Plymouth, lnd.,211. 



Plymoutn, Mas=., 122. 
Plymouth, N. H., 138. 
Plymouth, Wis., 238. 
Pointe-aux Anglais. Can., 247. 
Point Levi, Can., 128, 251, 254. 
Point of Rocks, Md.. 170. 
Point St. Charles, Can., 249. 250. 
Pollard, Ala., 192. 
Pond Creek, I'd., 263. 
Portage City. Wis , 237 
Portage. N. Y., 89. 
Port Deposit, Md , 162. 
Port Hope, Can., 242. 
Port Huron, Mich., 234. 
Port Jervis, N. Y., 85. 
Portland, Me., 102, 126, 250, 

251, 253, 255 
Portland, Oregon, 268, 273. 
Port Sarnia, Can . 232. 
Portsmouth, N. H., 125, 137. 
Poitsmouth, Va., (Naval Depot),, 

169. 
Port Stanley, Can., 232. 
Potomac Falls, D. C, 182. 
Potosi, Mo., 221. 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 67. 
Prairie du Chien, Wis., 215, 238, 

239 
Prescott, Can., 243, 245, 25S. 
Princeton, N. J., 147. 
Profile House, N. H., 134, 139. 140,. 

141. 
Promontory Point, Utah. 2M8. 
Providence. R. I., 109, lis. 
Put-in-Bay Islands, (Lake Erie),. 

234. 
Putnam, Ct., 115. 



Quebec, Can., 128, 138, 250, 351, 

255, 256. 
Queenston, Can., 81, 257. 
Quincy, 111 , 224, 263 

R. 

Racing Wis., 237. 

Rah way, N. J., 146, 197. 

Raleigh, N. C, 189. 

Ramapo Gap and Valley, N. J., 

85. 
Ramsey, Minn., 238. 
Reading, Mass.. 124. 
Reading, Pa.. 197, 198. 208, 209,. 

229. 
Readville. Mass.. no. 



300 



INDEX. 



Red Bank, N. J., 59 

Red Wing, Minn., 239. 

Reno, Nev.,269. 

Renovo, Pa., 230. 

Rhinebeck, N Y , 67. 

Rice Lake, Can , 243. 

Richmond, Can , 128, 251 253, 255. 

Richmond, 0., 204. 

Richmond, Va., 169, 183 186, 
205. 

Rideau Falls, Can., 244, 245. 

Ridge way Junction, N. C, 189. 

Riviere du Loup, Can., 128, 251, 
253, 254, 256 

Rochester, N. H., 125, 129 

Rochester, N. Y.. 77 

Rochester, Pa., 202, 210. 

Rockaway, N. J.. 228. 

Rockaway, N. Y., 58. 

Rockford, 111., 237. 

Rock Island, 111. ,225 239,261,263. 

Rockland Lake, 63. 

Rome, N. Y., 76. 

Rondout, N. Y., 67. 

Rouse's Point, Vt., 100, 140, 
244, 250. 

Routes : 

No. 1.— Northern. New York to 
West Point, Catskill, Albany, 
Trov, Utica, Trenton Falls Ro- 
chester and Niagara Falls— 62 
to 82. 

No. 2.— Northern. New York to 
Paterson, Upper Delaware, Up- 
per Susquehanna, Binghamton, 
Elmim, Buffalo and Niagara 
Falls (Erie Railway)— 83 to 90 

No. 3.— Northern. New York to 
Albany, Saratoga, Lake George, 
Adirondack Mountains, Lake 
Champlain, Vermont citiei?, and 
Montreal— 91 to 103 

No. 4 —Eastern. New Y r ork to 
New Haven. Hartford, Spring- 
field, Providence, Newport, 
New London, Stonington aud 
Boston (options)— 103 to 123. 

No. 5.— Eastern Boston to Ports- 
mouth Portland, White Moun- 
tains. Quebec or Montreal— 124 
1o 128. 

No. 6 —Northern and Eastern. 
Boston to Lake Winnepesaukie, 
White Mountains. Portland and 
Canadian cities— 129 to 135. 

No. 7.— Northern and Eastern. 
New York to New Lorn Ion, 



Norwich, Worcester, New 
Hampshire cities, Lake Win- 
nepesaukie and the White Moun- 
tains— 136 to 143. 

No. 8. — NearWes era. New York 
to Newark, New Brunswick, 
Trenton and other New Jersey 
cities, and Philadelphia — 144 to 
161. 

No 9. — Western and Southern. 
Philadelphia to Wilmington 
(Del.), Baltimore, Washington, 
and Richmond— 162 to 188. 

No. 10.— Sou' h Western. Rich- 
mond to Raleigh, Wilmington, 
(N. C). Columbia (S. C ), CJh ,r- 
leston, Atlanta, Montgomery, 
Mobile and New Orleans— 189 
to 194. 

No. 11 — South-Western. Rich- 
mond to Lynchburg Knoxville, 
Chattanooga, Mobile and New 
Orleans— 195 to 196. 

No. 12.— Western. New York or 
Philadelphia to Harrisburg, 
Pittsburg, Wheeling, Columbus 
and Cincinnati, (Penn. Cent. 
R. R.)— 197 to 205. 

No. 13.— Western. New York to 
Plalnfield, Sometville, Easton, 
Allentown, Harrisburg. Pitts- 
burg, Fort Wayne and Chicago, 
(Allentown Route)— 206 to 216. 

No. 14.— Wes era. Cincinnati to 
Louisville. Mammoth Cave of 
Ky. Nashville, Cairo. St Louis, 
and Chicago— 217 to 225 

No 15.— Northern aud Western. 
Buffalo to Erie Cleveland, To- 
ledo and other Ohio cities, Cin- 
cinnati or Chicago— 226 to 227. 

No 16.— Northern. New York or 
Philadelphia to Dover, Morris- 
town, Delaware Water Gap, 
Scranton (coal regions;, Wil- 
liam-port and Lock Haven, 
(lumber region:*). Oil Oity, 
Ti u-<ville, &c, (oil regions.)— 
228 to 230 

No. 17.— Canadian and Western. 
Niagara Fails to St. Catherine's, 
Hamilton, Paris, London, Cana- 
da Oil-Regions, Detroit, Ann 
Harbor Kalamazoo and Chica- 
go— 231 to 236. 

No. 18.— North-Western. Chicago 
to Racine Milwaukie, Madiso ,, 



INDEX. 



301 



Prairie du Chien, St. Paul, and 
Falls ol Minnehaha and St An- 
thony, (with optional return by 
the Mississippi or Lake Supe- 
rior)— 237 to 240. 

Jvo. 19.— Canadian. Niagara Falls 
to St. Catherine's, Hamilton, 
Toronto, Kinirston, Prescott, 
Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec and 
the Saguenay River— 241 to 256. 

No. 20.— Canadian. Niagara Falls 
to Toronto, Kingston, Thousand 
Islands, Rapids of the St. Law- 
rence, Montreal and Quebec, by 
steamers • and to Halifax, St. 
John, Fredericton, Windsor. 
Sidney, Shediac, Charlotte- 
Town, Pictou and Bathurst — 
257 to 260. 

No. 21.— Far Western. Chicago to 
Council Bluffs, Omaha, Chey- 
enne, Ogden Sail Lake City, Sa 
cramento, San Francisco, the 
Big Trees, Yosemite Valley, &c. 
—261 to 275. 

Rupert, Pa., 229. 

Rutland, Vt.. 101, 140. 

Rye Beach, N. H., 125. 

S. 

Sacramento, Cal., 270, 273, 
274, 275. 

Saginaw, Mich., 234. 

Saguenay River, Can. , 255. 

Salamanca, Pa., 89, 226, 230. 

Salem, Mass., 122. 

Salem, O., 210. 

Salisbury. Md., 163. 

Salmon Falls, N. H„ 125. 

Salmon-Trout Lake, Can., 243. 

Salt Lake City, Utah, 216, 223, 
267, 273. 

San Antonio, Cal , 273. 

Sandusky, O., 202, 205, 210, 227. 

Sandwich Islands, 273. 

Sandy Hook, 59. 

San Francisco, Cal. , 216, 223, 270, 
271, 275. Streets, 271.— Public 
Buildings, 272.— Churches, 272. 
—Theatres, 272.— Hocels, 272 — 
Excursions, 272. — Lone Moun- 
tain Cemetery, 272.— Cliff House, 
272. — Mission Dolores, 273.— 
Presidio and Fort Point, 273. — 
Longer Excursions, 273. 

San Jose, Cal., 270, 273. 



San Luis. Cal.. 273. 
San Quentin, Cal., 273 
Santa Barbara, Cal.. 273. 
Santa Fe, NewMex., 266. 
Saranac Lakes, N. Y., loo. 
Saratoga Springs, 91, 92, 140. 
Saucelito. Cal., 273. 
Sault, St. Marie, 240. 
Savage, Md., 171. 
Savannah, Ga., 190. 
Sawkill Falls, N. V., 86. 
Schenectady, N. Y., 74. 
Schooley's Mountain.N. J., 60,228 
Schroon Lake, N. Y., 96 
Schuyler, Neb., 265. 
Scranton, Pa,, 207, 208, 229. 
Seconnet (Point), R, I., 112. 
Sexton's Junction, Va , 186. 
Sharon Springs (route to), 74. 
Shasta (and Butte), Cal., 273. 
ShawangunkMt., N. Y., 85. 
Shediac, N. B., 259. 
Shelby ville, Ky., 217. 
Sherbrooke. Can., 127. 
Sherman, Wyo., 266. 
Shohoia, N. Y., 86. 
Sidney, C. B.,259. 
Sidney, Neb., 265. 
Silver Citv, Idaho. 269. 
Sing Sing, N. Y., 63. 
Sioux City, Iowa, 262, 264. 
Skowhegan, Me., 127. 
Sloatsburg, N. Y., 85. 
South Amboy, N. J .. 149. 
South Bend, Ind., 227, 235. 
South Berwick Junction, Me., 125. 
South Pass, Wyo., 267. 
South Reading (Junction), Mass., 

124. 
South Trenton, N. Y.. 15. 
South Vernon, Vt., 140. 
Somerville, Mass., 122. 
Somerville, N. J., 207. 
Sonora, Cal.. 274. 
Sparta. Ky., 217. 
Spotswood, N. J., 149. 
Springfield, 111., 224, 227, 261, 

263. 
Springfield, Mass., 106. 
Springfield, O., from Xenia, 203. 
Stafford, Ct., 139. 
.St. Albans, Vt., 1 Ol, 244. 
Stamford, Ct., 103. 
Stanhope, N. J., 228. 
St. Anne's, Can., 247. 
St. Anne Falls of. Can.. 247, 254. 
Stanstead, Can., 127. 



302 



INDEX. 



St. Anthony (ana Falls of), Minn., 

215, 239. 
Starruca Viaduct, N. Y., 87. 
Staten Island, 59. 
Staunton, Va., 186, 195. 
St. Catharine's, Can., 231, 241. 
St. Clair River and Lake, 240. 
St. Cloud. Minn., 239. 
Steubenville, O., 202, 210. 
Stevenson, Ala , 219. 
St. Gregoire, Can.. 251. 
St. Hyacinthe, St. Brune, St. 

Hilaire, St. Lambert, Can., 128, 

250. 
St. John, Can., 100. 
St. John, N. B., 259. 
St. Joseph, Mo., 223, 262, 264. 
St. Lawrence Rapids, 258. 
St. Lawrence River, 258. 
St. Louis, Mo., 194, 201, 205, 216, 

220, 221, 227, 239, 261, 263. 
St. Mary's, Can., 232. 
St. Mary's, Wyo . 266. 
Stockton, Cal , 270, 273, 275. 
Stonington, Ct., 109, 115. 
Stouy Point, N. Y., 63. 
St. Paul.Junction, Minn, 238 
St. Paul, Minn., 215, 238, 262. 
St Peter, Minn., 238, 239. 
Strasburg, Va., 183. 
Stroudsburg, Pa., 229. 
St. Thomas, Can., 254. 
Sturgis, Mich., 227. 
Stuyvesant, N. Y., 70. 
Suffern's, N. J , 84. 
Summit Station, Cal., 269. 
Summit, Va., 183. 
Sunbury, Pa., 199. 
Susquehanna. N. Y., 87. 
Swampscott, Mass., 122. 
Sweetwater Mining Region, Wyo., 

267. 
Syracuse, N. Y., 76. 

T. 

Tadoussac, Can., 255. 
Tallahassee, Fla. 190. 
Tarrytown, N. Y., 63. 
Terre Haut*, Ind., 220 
Thorold Can., 231, 241 
Thousand Islands (and Lake), St 

Lawrence River, 258. 
Three Rivers, Can., 128, 251. 
Throg'sNeck, N. Y., 111. 
Thurso, Can., 246. 
Ticonderoga, N. Y., 98. 



Tideoute, Pa., 230. 

Titusville, Pa., 238. 

Tiverton, R. I., 114. 

Toano, Nev., 268. 

Toledo, O., 203, 205, 210, 211, 216. 

227, 235, 240. 
Toiiand, Ct., 139. 
TOPEKA, Kas , 223, 264. 
Toronto Can., 232, 241, 243, 

250, 257. 
Townsend, Md.,163. 
Towsontown, Md., 168. 
Trenton, Can., 243. 
Trenton Falls, 75. 
Trenton, N. J., 147, 150, 197. 
Troy, N. Y., 71. 
Truckee. Cal., 269. 
Tuscaloosa, Ala., 196. 
Tyrone, Pa., 199. 

U. 

Uintah, Utah, 267. 

Uuion City, Tenn., 220. 

Union College (Schenectady, N. 

Y), 74. 
Unionville, N. H., 129. 
University of Virginia, 183. 
Urbana. O., from Xenia, 203. 
Utica. N. Y., 74. 

V. 

Valparaiso, 111., 211. 
Vancouver, Ore ;on, 273. 
Venango.. Pa, 201. 
Victoria Bridge,-Can., 249, 250. 
Vincennes, Ind., 205, 220. 
Vineland, N. J,, 160. 
Virginia City, Nev., 269. 
Virginia, Nev. . 268. 
Visalia, Cal., 273. 
Vreka, Cal., 273. 

W, 

Wadsworth, Nev., 269. 

Walla Walla, Oregon, 268. 

Wallingford, Ct., 105. 

Walton, Ky., 217. 

Wanatah, Ind., 211. 

Warrenton (and Junction), Va., 

183 
Warsaw, Ind., 211, 224. 
Wasatch, Utah, 267. 
Washington, D. C, 1 72 ,20l-Lo- 

cation, 172, 173— The Capitol, 



/A DFX. 



DO:} 



174— President's House, ITS, 
'—Patent Office, 178 — Depart- 
ments, 178. 179— Smithsonian 
Institute, 180— Public Grounds, 
ISO— Churches, 181 — Theatres, 
181— Hotels, 181— Excursions, 
181— Soldiers' Home. 181— Navy 
Yard 181— Congressional Cem- 
etery 181 — Longer Excursions, 
181, 182, 

Washington Junction, D. C, 171. 

Washington, Iowa, 263. 

Washington (Junction). N. J., 228. 

Washington, N. J. 149. 

Washoe, Nev., 269. 

Watenord, Ct., 108. 

Waterloo. Iowa, 261. 

Waterloo, Ind., 211. 

Waterloo, N. J., 228. 

Watertown, N. Y., 76, 243. 

Watertown, Wis., 237. 

Waukfgan, 111., 237. 

Waverley, Tenn., 220. 

Waynesburg, Pa , 197. 

Weber Canon, (and Station and 
River), Utah, 267. 

Webster, Mass., 115. 

Weir's Landing. N. H., 137. 

Weldon, N. C. 18S. 

Wells rand Humboldt W.) Nev., 
268. 

Wells, Me., 125. 

Wells River, Yt., 101, 138, 140. 

Wenona. Mich., 234. 

Westerley, It. I., 109. 

West Island, R. I., 112. 

West Liberty, Iowa, 263. 

West Newton, Maes., 107. 

West Point, N. Y., 61, 62, 65., 

West Point, Ga , 191. 

West Scarboro,Me., 125. 

Wethersfield, Ct., 105. 

Wheeling, W. Va., 201, 210, 227. 

Whitehall, N. Y., 101, 140 

White House, Ya., 188. 

White Mountain House, N. H., 
134. 

White Mountains. 125, 127, 130 to 
133, 137, 141 to 143. 

White Oak Bottom, Md., 171. 

White Pigeon. Mich., 227. 

White Pine, Nev., 268. 

White River Junction, Vt., 102, 
138, 140. 

White Sulphur Springs, Va., 184, 
186, 195. 

Wickford, R. I., 109. 



Wilcox. Pa., 230. 

Wilkesbarre, Pa., 229. 

Willev House, N. H., 133. 

William-and-Mary College, Ya., 
from Richmond, 186. 

William's Bridge, N. Y., 103. 

Williamsburg, Va., from Rich- 
mond, 186. 

Wiliiamsport, Pa., 198, 229. 

Willimantic, Ct.. 139. 

Wilmington, Bel., 163,197. 

Wilmington Junction, Mas?., 124. 

Wilmington, N C, 188, 189. 

Wilton, Iowa, 263. 

Winchester, Va., 183. 

Windsor (and Locks), Ct., 105. 

Windsor, Can. , 233. 

Windsor, N. S., 259. 

Windsor, Vt,, 140. 

Wiunemucca, »7ev.. 269. 

Wollboro, N. H„ 129, 138. 

Worcester, Mass., 106,, 115, 
136. 

Wyandotte, Kas , 264. 

Wyoming, Nev., 269. 



Xenia, 0., 203. 



X. 



Y. 



Yale College, 104. 

Yarmouth Junction, N. H., 102, 

127. 
Yarmouth, Mass., 122. 
Yonkers, N. Y., 63. 
York, Pa., 198. 
Yorktown, Va , from Richmond, 

186. 
Yo Semite Valley, Cal., 271, 274, 
Ypsilanti, Mich., 234. 

Z. 

Zanesville, 0., 202, 210, 227. 



DISTANCES, TIME AND FARES. 



[FROM NEW YORK, DIRECT BY RAIL TO MOST IMPORTANT POINTS— IN 
ROUND NUMBERS AND LIABLE TO SLIGHT VARIATION.] 



NEW YORK TO 



DISTANCES. 



TIME. 



PARES. 



Albany 150 

Atchinson, Kan 1,370 

Baltimore 200 

Baton Rouge 1,940 

Boston 240 

Buffalo 450 

Burlington, Iowa 1,125 

Cairo, Ills 1,145 

Charleston, S. C 800 

Chattanooga 1,230 

Chicago 915 

Cincinnati 760 

Cleveland, 595 

Corry (Oil Regions), Pa 520 

Denver, Col 2,040 

Detroit 705 

Erie, Pa 550 

Indianapolis 820 

Mobile 1,600 

Montreal 650 

New Orleans 1,650 

Niagara Falls 450 

Omaha 1,413 

Philadelphia 90 

Pittsburg 445 

Portland, Me 400 

Quebec 825 

Quincy, Ills 1,147 

Richmond, Va 360 

Salt Lake City 2,464 

San Francisco 3,200 

Saratoga 225 

Savannah 1,000 

St. Louis 1,084 

St. Paul 1,388 

Washington 226 

White Mountains. 500 



miles 5 hours $ 3 50 

" 60 " 46 20 

" 8y z " 6 50 

" 5 days 55 00 

" 9% hours 6 oo 

" 15 " 9 50 

•* 50 " 32 30 

" 55 " 36 00 

11 48 " 26 00 

" 60 " 34 00 

" 38 " 25 00 

" 30 " 22 50 

" 23 " 15 00 

" 16 " 11 70 

44 4% days 95 70 

" 38 hours 16 50 

" ]7 " 12 25 

" .'"...35 " 25 00 

" 86 " 50 50 

11 18 " 12 50 

" 80 " 55 00 

" 15 " 9 50 

" 3 days 44 50 

" Z% hours 3 25 

" 16 " 13 00 

" . . .14# " 9 50 

" 25 '• 16 50 

" 51}£ " 34 25 

» 22 " 15 00 

" 5 days 124 50 

» 1J4 " 140 00 

" 7^ hours 4 5o 

" 2X days 34 50 

" 50 hours 36 00 

14 3 days 43 00 

" 10 hours 7 00 

'« 20 " 8 00 



STEAMSHIP LINES AND BANKING-HOUSES. 

In arranging for visits to America, the European 
traveler needs especially to look after two points of 
no minor consequence. First, the character of the 
vessel in which he designs to make the voyage; and, 
Second, the standing and reliability of the banking- 
house from which he takes the exchange necessary 
for his disbursements while abroad. Upon both 
these points, it is the intention of the " Short-Trip 
Guide " to offer directions of importance, which 
cannot be ignored without disadvantage. A brief 
resume follows, of steamship lines offering reliable 
and first-class conveyance to America; as well as of 
those banking-houses affording exchange upon such 
terms as will be found desirable to the traveler, and 
at the same time of such thorough reliability that 
they can be depended upon under all circumstances. 
Of steamship lines, let it be understood that no ves- 
sel will have place here, in the way of commendatory 
announcement, not held by the compiler to be worthy 
of entrusting to it his own life; that no bank- 
ing-house will be recommended, without personal 
knowledge of its unimpeachable standing ; and that 
in this department, as in all others of the volume, 
no dead enterprizes are allowed to remain announced 
from year to year, but all is current as well as relia- 
ble. 



806 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 



STEAMSHIPS TO AMERICA. 
LINES FROM LIVERPOOL TO NEW YORK. 

Cunard Line. (British and North American Royal 
Mail Steamship Company.) 

The array of ships offered by this leading line, 
for the current year, is even more extensive than in 
past years, during which it has won the confidence 
of the world. The favorite " Scotia" (known as 
the " women and children's ship," from her steadi- 
ness) ; the speedy " Russia ; " the " Cuba," "Java," 
" China," « Abyssinia," "Algeria," " i'arthia," " Ca- 
labria," and other well known ships, are to be sup- 
plemented by the "Scythia" and "Bothnia," 
larger and finer than any of the others, and -of 
great power and speed. Rates of passage varied to 
suit all purses. Sailings from Liverpool, Saturdays, 
Tuesdays and Thursdays; and from Queenstown 
(Ireland), the days following. 

Inman Line. (Liverpool, New York and Phila- 
delphia Steamship Company.) 

New and fine ships are also the order of the day 
with the Inman line, which has so rapidly made 
popularity and holds it so well. The favorite ships 
of the line, of the last two or three years, the " City 
of Brussels," " Paris," " Brooklyn," " London," and 



STEAMSHIP LINES TO AMERICA. 307 

others, have already been supplemented by the gi- 
gantic and powerful " City of Montreal ; " and she 
is to be soon followed by the Commodore's ship, the 
" City of Chester," among the largest afloat and ex- 
pected to be among the speediest — the " Bichmond" 
and other fine vessels — making the fleet equally ex- 
tensive and perfect. Sailings from Liverpool, on 
Thursdays and Tuesdays; and from Queenstown 
the days following. 

Williams and 'Guion Line. {Liverpool and Great 
Western Steamship Company.) 

A single vessel, the " Colorado," drops off from 
the rapidly-increasing number of vessels of this 
comparatively new but popular line; but the loss 
becomes a gain, in the immediate supply of the still 
larger and finer " Montana," very soon to be fol- 
lowed by the " Dacotah," and the latter by others 
now building, of the same noble class as the two 
last mentioned. No finer vessels, meanwhile, can be 
found, than the " Wyoming," the " Wisconsin " 
" Idaho," and other ships already on the route and 
supplying accommodation winning exceptional ap- 
plause. Sailings from Liverpool, every Wednesday ; 
and from Queenstown the following day. 

National Line. {National Steam Navigation Co.) 

In its earlier days the National line, while sup- 
plying safe ocean transit at lower rates than could 
be afforded by any other, bad the reputation of 



308 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

using more time in the transit, owing to the slighter 
power of ships, than always pleased the hurried. 
But while gathering one of the largest fleets in ex- 
istence, this line is also reversing past reputation by 
supplying some of the most powerful as well as 
largest ships in the world — the " Spain, 7 ' " Egypt," 
"Italy" and other new vessels, being actual 
" flyers " as well as splendid monsters ; and the 
" Queen," " England " " Denmark " and half a score 
of other vessels, following closely. . Sailings from 
Liverpool, every Wednesday, and Queenstown the 
following day; with extra steamers. 

White Star Line. (Ismay, Imrie & Co's j Oceanic 
Steamship Company.) 

No other line ever built reputation so fast in a 
single year, as the White Star, with their immense 
ships and "all the modern improvements." The 
" Oceanic," pioneer of the line, made much reputa- 
tion by carrying over so successfully the American 
Knight Templars, last summer ; and she, and her 
successors, the " Atlantic," " Baltic " and " Repub- 
lic," have all won applause for perfect fittings, com- 
fort and quick passages. Upon these four still fol- 
low the " Celtic," " Adriatic," and several other and 
still larger vessels on the same novel and luxurious 
plan, to make the line complete and fully supplied. 
Sailings from Liverpool, every Thursday ; and from 
Queenstown the following day. 



STEAMSHIP LINES TO AMERICA. 309 



LINE FROM GLASGOW AND LONDONDERRY TO NEW 

YORK. 

Anchor Line. {Henderson Brothers, New York : 
Handyside & Henderson, Glasgoiv.) 

This line has a rapidly-increasing fleet of fine 
steamers, of which the " Australia," " India," "Ang- 
iia," " California," " Europa," etc., may be named as 
among the favorites, with the " Bolivia " and " Uto- 
pia " to take their places during the season, and the 
Clyde ship-yards always busy in increasing the list. 
Round trips, by the way, embracing the Mediter- 
ranean ports as well as the Atlantic passage, have 
been arranged by this line at very reasonable rates, 
and ofler a great temptation. Sailings from Glas- 
gow, every Wednesday and Saturday; and from 
Moville (Londonderry — Ireland), the days follow- 
ing- 

LINE FROM BREST AND HAVRE TO NEW YORK. 

French Line. (Compagnie Generate Transatlan- 

tique.) 

Always among the most popular lines, from its 
commencement, but temporarily obstructed by the 
late war, the French is adding widely to its vessels 
and influence, aud inviting passage Americaward 
from the Continent, with excellent success. , Those 
favorite vessels, the " Pereire," " Ville de Paris," 



310 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

"St. Laurent," 'Europe," "Washington," etc., con- 
tinue to supply the line to New York, with all the 
former luxuries ; while a glance at the official an- 
nouncement will show the connection to othei 
ports, literally world-wide, and as popular and satis- 
factory as extensive. 

LINE FROM BREMEN AND SOUTHAMPTON TO NEW 

YORK. 

Bremen Line. (North German Lloyd.) 
This line has a noble fleet of first-class ships in 
the "Bhein," "Main," "Donau," " Weser," and a 
score of other fine vessels, fast and reliable — not 
only to New York, but to Baltimore, New Orleans, 
and Aspinwall. Sailings from Bremen to New York, 
twice a week, touching at Southampton, (Eng.) and 
affording choice passage from London direct. 



BANKING HOUSES. 311 



BANKING-HOUSES. 



Exchange maybe bought, Letters of Credit taken, 
and all other financial business connected with Am- 
erican tours and mercantile operations, safely and 
profitably transacted as well as many of the de- 
tails of correspondence and requirement abroad — 
with 

Duncan, Sherman & Co., cor. Pine and Nassau 
Sts., New York, a very old and reliable Anglo-Am- 
erican banking-house, through the Union Bank of 
London and other European agencies ; 

Brown Brothers & Co., 59 Wall St., another An- 
glo-American house of the first reputation, through 
Brown, Shipley & Co., Lothbury, London, and 
Chapel Street, Liverpool ; 

Jay Cooke & Co., cor. Wall and Nassau Sts., New 
York, American financiers of wide reputation, 
through Jay Cooke, McCulloch & Co., Lombard St., 
London ; 

Morton, Bliss & Co., 30 Broad St., New York, 
thoroughly-reliable international bankers — through 
Morton, Rose & Co., Bartholomew Lane, London ; 

Bowles, Brothers & Co., 19 William St., New York, 
long known as favorite American bankers in Paris — 
through that firm, 449 Strand, Charing Cross, Lon- 
don, or 12 Rue de la Paix, Paris ; 

Henry Cleivs & Co., 32 Wall St., New York- 
through Clews, Habicht & Co., 11 Old Broad St., 



313 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

London, now the financial agents of the United 
States government, for Europe ; 

Wells, Fargo & Co., 84 Broadway, New York, 
well-known bankers and express forwarders — 
through the same firm, 61 King William St., Lon- 
don; 

Williams & Guion, 63 Wall St., JSTew York- 
bankers, and of the well-known steamship line of 
the same name, before mentioned — through Alex. 
S. Petrie & Co., London ; 

John Munroe & Co., 8 Wall St., New York- 
through Monroe & Co., 7 Eue Scribe, Paris, favor- 
ite American house in that city. 



REMINDERS TO RAMBLERS. 

[See announcement cards, following, for many particulars of value 
and interest.] 

SPECIAL ROUTES FOR TRAVELERS. 

The Pennsylvania Central Railroad, now extend- 
ing (by the New Jersey road to Philadelphia) from 
New York to Philadelphia, Harrisbnrg, Pittsburg, 
Cincinnati, etc., to Chicago and the Great West ; 
with the especial features of the magnificent cross- 
ing of the Alleghany Mountains, and of being not 
only one of the most extensive in its connections, 
but one of the most safely and ably managed of 
American railways. 

The Vermont Central Railroad, and leased lines 
connecting, furnishing among the very best and 
quickest of routes from both New York and Boston 
to the Vermont cities, Lake Champlain, Northern 
New York, the White Mountains, Montreal, etc., 
passing through some of the most picturesque 
mountain, river and valley scenery of the Northern 
States. 

The Chicago and North- Western Railroad, one of 
the great enterprizes of the North- West, leading 
from Chicago, by Pulton, Clinton, Cedar Eapids, 
Boone, etc., to Council Bluffs, Omaha, and connec- 
ting there with the Pacific roads for California; 



314 XHOHT-THIP GUIDE. 

also with lines leading directly from Chicago by 
Kenosha, Racine, etc., to Milwankie ; and to Fort 
Howard, Green Bay, or direct connection to St. 
Paul and Lake Superior. 

The Union and Central Pacific Railroads, . direct 
from Council Bluffs and Omaha to San Francisco 
and the other California cities, and natural curiosi- 
ties ; by Cheyenne, Ogden, etc., with connections to 
Denver, the Colorado Mountains, Salt Lake City, 
the great Mining Regions, and the innumerable 
points of interest of this largest and most notable 
of railway-routes in the world — as well as the Pacific 
and its ports, and (by steamers from San Francisco) 
to Japan, China, the East Indies, Australia, and 
" round the world." 

The Pacific Mail Steamship route, from New 
York by Kingston (Jamaica), to Aspinwall, the 
Panama Railroad, Panama, and steamers up the 
Pacific coast, to San Francisco — with connections 
to all ports of Central and South America, and a 
tropical experience not otherwise attainable any- 
where to the same advantage. 

The Day Line of Steamers on the Hudson River, 
from New York to West Point, the Catskill Moun- 
tains, etc., to Albany, supplying two of the fastest 
and most commodious steamers in the world, in 
the " Chauncey Vibbard " and " Daniel Drew," car- 
rying music on all trips, making the whole run, in 
either direction, by day-light, and affording oppor- 
tunities for observation of the whole line of Hudson 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 315 

River scenery, unattainable by any other route or 
mode. [See map of the Hudson, accompanying 
announcement.] 

The People's Line of Steamers between New York 
and Albany; leaving either place at evening and 
arriving at the other in the morning, in time for all 
railway connections ; and supplying, in the " St. 
John " and " Drew," the two noblest and most 
luxurious specimens of inland marine architecture 
on the globe, with accommodations of perfect com- 
pleteness and princely splendor, while still making 
no heavy draft on the purse. 

The Hancox Line of Steamers between New York 
and Albany and Troy ; leaving at evening and ar- 
riving in the morning, in time for all railway con- 
nections; and supplying the staunch, well-fitted 
and commodious boats, the '''Connecticut" and 
'' Vanderbilt," while making a specialty of afford- 
ing this transit at the lowest of charges. 

The Mary Powell (steamer), running as an after- 
noon boat from New York to West Point, Newburg, 
and other points on the Hudson, to Eondout 
(Kingston), passing through the Highlands by day- 
light, and affording the most charming of views of 
that splendid river-scenery ; the boat herself a 
favorite and a celebrity, and well known to many 
Englishmen who have never visited America, from 
the fine picture of her, as a type of American river- 
steamers, in the Inman steamship office at Liver- 
pool. 



316 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 



NEW YOEK NOTABILITIES. 

The magnificent buildings of the Equitable Life 
Assurance Society, corner of Broadway and Cedar 
Street, and the Mutual Life -Insurance Company, 
corner of Broadway and Liberty Street — two of the 
actual sights of the city, without and within ; while 
the two companies stand confessedly at the head of 
American Life Insurance, both in the extent of 
their operations and the thorough reliability of the 
investments made in them and by them. Features 
added during the past year to both, in the splendid 
group of statuary (by J. Q. A. Ward), over the por- 
tico of the Equitable, and the increased height and 
noble clock- tower of the Mutual — make the two 
buildings even more marked specialties of New York, 
than they have before been, though widely cele- 
brated. 

The office of the Hanover Fire Insurance Com- 
pany, in the Equitable Building, Broadway and 
Cedar Street — perhaps the handsomest, in its fitting- 
up, of any in the city, and certainly among the 
most respectable and reliable of all, in the detail of 
property-security supplied by it. 

The Travelers' Insurance Company, of Hartford, 
Connecticut, of which the office is at Broadway and 
Fulton Street; and which is doing a work of un- 
equalled usefulness, in its insurances against every 
kind of accident, to which the traveler is especially 



REMINDERS TO RAMBLERS. 317 

liable, while even the stay-at-home by no means 
always escape corresponding casualties. Also a Life 
Assurance Company of prominence. 

The diamond and fine-jewelry house of Stevens & 
Co., 859 Broadway (near Union Square), over the 
door of which the magnificent Winged Lion of Venice 
appropriately holds its place, from the fact that the 
very richest and most eclectic of those works in 
gold, silver and precious stones, for which the Vene- 
tians and Florentines have so long been famous, 
are supplied at this house as at no other in 
America. 

The Gilsey House, Broadway and Twenty-ninth 
Street, one of the noblest in the city, both in exter- 
nal architecture and internal arrangement, with 
passenger-lift, noble halls, and luxurious suits of 
apartments, and commending itself to travelers, of 
either continent, as a type of that world-wide cele- 
brity, the American hotel of the first-class. In con- 
nection, the Grand Union Hotel, at Saratoga — as 
see following. 

. The Brevoort House, Fifth Avenue and Eighth 
Street, one of the most charmingly located of New 
York hotels, combining convenience and first 
fashion with quietness, and always a favorite with 
European tourists and those traveled Americans 
who have enjoyed the widest experience and know 
a true hotel from a caravanserai. 

The Fifth Avenue TJieatre, Twenty-fourth Street, 
near Fifth Avenue, one of the youngest of the first- 



318 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

class houses of the city, but among the most distin- 
guished for original and successful productions 
(many of them from the facile pen of manager 
Augustin Daly), for the great average excellence of 
its comedy company, its vivacity of entertainment, 
and the fashionable character of its audiences. 

The Olympic Theatre, Broadway near Bleecker 
Street, scene of many of the best triumphs of Miss 
Laura Keene, Mrs. John Wood, Mr. Sothern, Mr. 
Jefferson, etc.; but of late the acknowledged and 
unequalled home of pantomime, and the spot where 
the presence of Mr. George L. Fox, dramatic author, 
and the best pantomimist since Gabriel Eavel, al- 
ways ensures a carnival of merriment. 

Brady's Photographic and National Portrait 
Gallery, Broadway and Tenth Street, where the 
mo?t extensive and valuable collection of the por- 
traits of American celebrities may be found, attain- 
able on the Continent — and at some near day to be- 
come the property of the nation, undo" purchase by 
Congress. (Also at Washington). 

The United States Watch Company (Giles, Wales 
& Co.,) Maiden Lane near Broadwav, with an 
extensive factory at Marion, New Jersey (near 
Jersey City), and supplying time-pieces never ex- 
celled by London or Copenhagen, at prices immeas- 
urably below either. 

The celebrated restaurant of Nash & Fuller (form- 
erly the equally-celebrated " Crook & Duff's,") in 
the Times Building, at Printing House Square, 



REMINDERS TO RAMBLERS. 319 

which may be cited as the type establishment of its 
class in America, in extent and excellence — the re- 
sort of many celebrities, and with a popular Bil- 
liard-Hall in connection, habitually patronized by 
the best masters and lovers of that important branch 
of " mathematical science." 



MISCELLANEOUS 

Bonds ol the Northern Pacific Railroad, offering 
most profitable investments, in connection with the 
great enterprise now being pushed rapidly forward 
to completion, and destined to unite the whole 
Canadian and Lake Superior region with the Pacific 
at Portland, Oregon (See Map). 

The Galaxy, one of the leading magazines of 
America, employing many of the best pens on both 
sides of the Atlantic, and with specialties making it 
a national feature. 

The Travelers' Official Railway Guide, published 
monthly by the National Railway Publication Com- 
pany, Philadelphia; very correct, careful and com- 
prehensive, and incomparably the best authority 
on the Western Continent, as to times of trains, 
connections, and every description of minute infor- 
mation necessary for the traveler. [To be purchased, 
at all news and periodical establishments.] 

The Grand Union Hotel, Saratoga Springs, one of 
the largest in the world, second to no other in the 
extent and perfection of its appointments, with 



320 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

grounds of unequalled magnificence (including the 
Opera House — grand music and ball room of the 
town); and certain to win even additional celebrity 
under the new proprietorship, which gives it an old 
Saratoga-manager, in charge, and connects it with 
Gilsey House, New York. 

The Catshitt Mountain House, elsewhere referred 
to, in connection with those mountains, as one of 
those special points in American touring that liter- 
ally must be visited, for the sake of the scenery it 
monopolizes, as well as for its own merits. 

The Laurel House, Catskill Mountains, having 
peculiar attractions to those visiting the famed 
Kanterskill Falls, and many charms as a place of 
summer sojourn. 

The Rossin House, Toronto, Canada, one of the 
largest and most complete houses in the Dominion, 
and deservedly a favorite with all who have occasion 
to visit that beautiful city of Lake Ontario. 

The Grant Locomotive Works, Paterson, New 
Jersey (on the Erie Road), where the tourist can 
inspect one of the largest and most complete loco- 
motive shops in the world, from which emanated 
the splendid engine "America," taking the great 
gold medal at the Paris .Exhibition, and also make 
himself acquainted with the general appearance 
and construction of American locomotives. 



? 



/# '' 








ly.-ji/^'-mwo PUsuCATion CO piiUmie 



ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



SHOE T- TEIP G U1DE. —A NNO UNCEMENTS. 



1872. CUNARD LINE. 1872, 



BRITISH AND NORTH AMERICAN 

Royal Mail Steamships, 

BETWEEN 

LIVERPOOL, BOSTON, AND NEW YORK, 

CALLING AT CORK HARBOR. 



SCOTIA, 

BOTHNIA, 

ALGERIA, 

SAMARIA, 

ALEPPO, 

OL YMPUS, 



RUSSIA, 
SCYTHIA, 
PARTHIA, 
SIBERIA , 
A TLA S, 
MARATHON, 
HECLA , 



JAVA, 

CHINA , 

CALABRIA. 

TARIFA, 

SI DON, 

MOROCCO, 

KEDAR, 



CUBA, 
ABYSSINIA, 

B ATA VIA, 
TRIPOLI, 
PALMYRA, 
MALTA, 



From Liverpool— Tuesdays, Saturdays and Thursdays ; calling at Cork 

Harbor the following days. From New York — Wednesdays 

and Saturdays. From Boston — Tuesdays. 

Rates of Cabin Passage Money: 15 Guineas, 17 Guineas, and 21 Guineas, 
according 1 1 the accommodation. 
Return Tickets (available for Six Months). 30 Guineas. 
Rates of Passage Money by the Steamers carrying no Steerage Passen- 
gers : Chief Cabin, Twenty-six Pounds ; 
Second Cabin, Eighteen Pounds. 
Return Tickets (available for Six Months), Chief Cabin, Fifty Pounds. 

Children between Two and Twelve Years, Half-Fare. 

These rates include Steward's Fee and Provisions, but without Wines 
or Liquors, which can be obtained on board. 

Passengers booked through to San Francisco, China, Japan, India, 
New Zealand, and Australia, by Pacific Railway and Mail Steamers. 

The Passengers and Goods for New York are intended to be landed at 
Jersey City, within the jurisdiction of the Custom House of New York. 
]£P~ Apply at the Company's Office, New York, to Charles G. Franck- 
lyn, Agent; at the Company's Office, Boston, to James Alexander, 
Agent; in Halifax, to William Cunard ; in Havre, to Burns & Mac 
Iver, 21 Quai d'Orleans ; in Paris, to Burns & Mac Iver, 12 Place de 
la Bourse ; in London, to , 6 St. Helens Place, Bishops- 
gate Street ; in Dundee, to G. & J. Burns, Baltic Street ; in Glasgow, 
to G. & J. Burns, 30 Jamaica Street ; in Belfast, to A. G. S. McCul- 
loch ; in Queenstown, to D. & C. Mac Iver ; or to 



D. &. C. MAC IVER, 

8 Water S'reet, Liverpool 



SHOE T- TRIP G VIDE. —A NKO UNCEMENTS. 



• INMAN_LINE. 

NEW YORK TO LIVERPOOL 

TWICE EVERY WEEK, 
(From Pier 45 North River, New York.) 



Saturday Line. 

CITY OF CHESTER. 

CITY OF RICHMOND. 

CITY OF MONTREAL. 

CITY OF BRUSSELS. 

CITY OF PARIS. 

CITY OF BROOKLYN. 



T/utrsday Line. 

CITY OF NEW YORK. 

CITY OF LONDON 

CITY OF WASHINGTON. 

CITY OF BALTIMORE. 

CITY OF ANTWERP. 

CITY OF BRISTOL. 



RATES OF PASSAGE. 

To Liverpool, $75 and $go, gold. I From Liverpool, $75 and $90 gold. 

(15 to i3 Guineas.) 
Round Trip Tickets, $135 and $150, gold. 



Steamers leave Liverpool every Tuesday and Thursday. 
" " Queexstown, every Wednesday &: Friday. 

" " New York, every Thursday & Saturday, 



For further information, apply at ihe Company's Offices : 

Liverpool, Wm. Inman, 62 and 63 Tower Buildings. 

Queenstown, C. & W. D. Seymour. 

London Eives & Allen, 61 King William Street. 

Paris, Bowles Bros. & Co., 12 Rue de la Paix. 

" J. W. Tucker & Co., 3 and 5 Rue Scribe. 

« Jules Decoue, 48 Rue Notre Dame des 

Victoires, Place de la Bourse. 

Boston, M. S. Creagh. 102 State Street. 

Philadelphia, CVDonnell & Faulk, 402 Chestnut Street. 

Chicago, Francis C. Brown, 39 W. Kinzie St , and in 

New York to 

JOHN G. DALE, Agent, 

i 5 BROADWAY. 



SHORT- TRIP G [TIDE.— ANNO UNCEMENT8. 

LIVERPOOL 

AND 

NEW YORK STEAMERS 

Carrying the United States Mails. 



MANHATTAN, NEBRASKA, 

IDAHO, 

MINNESOTA, NEVADA, 

WISCONSIN, WYOMING, 

DACOTAH, MONTANA. 

The above Steamers are New, of the Largest Class, and built 
expressly for the Trade. Have five Water-Tight Bulkheads, 
and carry experienced Officers, Surgeons and Stewardesses. 

The Saloon accommodations and attendance are unsurpassed 
by any Atlantic Steamers. 



SAILING FROM 

Liverpool and New York on Wednesdays, 

(Calling at Queenstown to land and receive Mails and Passengers.) 



PASSAGE. 

New York to Liverpool ... $80 gold. 

Liverpool to New York . ^i5or^i8. 

{According to Staterooms.') 
AGENTS, 

GUION & CO., WILLIAMS & GUION, 

Liverpool. 6^ Wall Street, New York 

A. S. PETRIE&CO., J. M. CURRIE, 

II Old Broad St., London. Paris and Havre. 



8H0RT-TIUP G UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



NATIONAL LINE. 

Steamers Weekly, between 

New York, Liverpool and Queenstown. 



SPAIN, 


- 4. 87 1 tons. 


ENGLAND, - 


3,441 tons 


EGYPT, 


5.150 " 


THE QUEEN, 


4,470 " 


ITALY, 


- 4-340 '" 


HELVETIA, - 


4,020 ' ' 


HOLLAND, - 


3-847 " 


ERIN, - 


4,030 " 


FRANCE, - 


- 3.676 " 


CANADA, 


4,5oo " 


DENMARK, 


3 724 " 


GREECE, - 


4,500 " 



The above powerful British-built Iron Steamships, with 
spar decks, and water-tight compartments, the largest in 
the trade, during the season of 1872, will form this favorite 
line, leaving 

LIVERPOOL, - - EVERY WEDNESDAY. 

QUEENSTOWN, - - EVERY THURSDAY. 

NEW YORK, - - - EVERY SATURDAY 

From the Company's Wharves, 

Piers 44 and 47 North River. 

RATES OF PASSAGE PAYABLE IN U. S. CURRENCY : 



To Liverpool or Queenstown, ------ 

London, ----------- 

Hamburg, 

Bremen, _... 

Antwerp, 

Havre ..-.-...-. 

Paris, ........... 

Tickets to Liverpool and return, - 

Prepaid Cabin Tickets from Liverpool or Queenstown, 

The 2Q rate includes first-class to London, Paris, &c 



F. W. J. HURST, Manager, 

69 BROADWAY. 



1st. 


zd 


$75 


$°5 


85 


75 


100 


90 


no 


IOO 


IOO 


90 


100 


90 


IOO 


90 


130 




75 


6; 



SHOE T- TRIP G U1DE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 




NEW YORK AND LIVERPOOL 

CALLING AT QUEENSTOWN. 



Sailing from New York on Saturdays, from 
Liverpool on Thursdays. 



Average Passage about Nine Days. 

OCEANIC, BALTIC, CELTIC, 

ATLANTIC, REPUBLIC, ADRIATIC. 

The Six Largest Steamships afloat. 



Those intending to cross the Atlantic would do well to 
inspect the accommodations offered by these new and 
magnificent vessels. Nothing has been left undone to 
promote the comfort and convenience of passengers, and 
to make the voyage agreeable. Pianos and Libraries 
have been provided ; and Main Saloons, State Rooms, 
Hot and Cold Baths, Barber's Shops, &c, are situated in 
the midship sections, where least motion is felt. 

Surgeons and Experienced Stewardesses accompany 
these Boats 



Rates : — Saloon, $80 gold ; Excursion, $ 140 gold ; 
Steerage, Outwards, $30 currency. 

WHITE STAR LINE OFFICES, Messrs. Ismay, Imrie & Co, 

10 Water Street, Liverpool. 

J. H. SPARKS, Agent, 

19 Broadway, New York. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
1872. 

STEAMERS TO FRANCE DIRECT 

Transit by Railroad, and crossing the English Channel avoided. 

The General Transatlantic Go's 



FIRST-CLASS STEAMSHIPS 



PEREIRE. 
VILLE DE PARIS. 
ST. LAURENT. 
VILLE DU HAVRE. 
EUROPE. 
WASHINGTON. 
VILLE DE BREST. 
NOUVEAU-MONDE. 



ATLANTIC. 

FRANCE. 

PANAMA. 

VILLE DE ST. NAZAIRE. 

VILLE DE BORDEAUX. 

LOUISIANE. 

FLORIDE. 

MARTINIQUE. 



GUADELOUPE 

DESIRADE. 

GUYANE. 

SONORA. 

CAR! A BE. 

CACIOUK. 

CARANELLE. 



Postal Lines of the General Transatlantic Co. 

From HAVRE to NEW YORK, calling at Brest, 

and vice versa, . . . Saturdays, Twice a Month. 

From ST. NAZAIRE to VERA CRUZ, calling at 
Santander, St. Thomas and Havana, and vice 
versa, ....... Once a Month. 

From ST. NAZAIRE to ASPINWALL, calling at 
Martinique, La Guayra and St. Martha, and 
vice versa, .... . Once a Month. 

From PANAMA to VALPARAISO, calling at 

Intermediate Ports, and vice versa, . . Once a Month. 

BRANCH LINES. 

From ST. THOMAS to ASPINWALL, calling at 
Porto Rico, Hayti. Santiago de Cuba, Kings- 
ton. Jamaica, and vice versa, . . . Once a Month. 

From ST. THOMAS to FORT DE FRANCE, 
(Martinique,) calling at Basse Terre, (Guade- 
loupe,^ Pointe a Petre. (Guadeloupe,) St. Pierre, 
(Martinique ) and vice versa. . . . Once a Month. 

From FORT DE FRANCE, (Martinique.) to 
CAYENNE, calling at St. Lucia, St. Vincent, 
Grenada. Trinidad, Demerara, Surinam, and 
vice versa, Once a Month. 

The splendid Steamers of the South Pacific Line leave Panama for 
Valparaiso and Intermediate Ports, on the 30th of every month, and con- 
nect closely with the Steamers of the Pacific Mail S. S. Company leaving 
New York on the 15th of every month for Aspmwall. 

For Rates of Passage and Freight, Date> of Departure, or further 
information, apply to 

GEO. MACKENZIE, Agent, 58 Broadway. 



SHOBT- TRIP G UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

ANCHOR LINE. 

Between New York and Glasgow, 

Sailing Every Wednesday and Saturday. 



The Powerful Clyde-Built Steamers, 



BOLIVIA, (new.) 
UTOPIA, 
VICTORIA, " 
ANGL1A. 
SCANDINAVIA. 
ITALIA, (new.) 



AUSTRALIA. 

CALIFORNIA. 

EURO PA. 

INDIA. 

COLUMBIA. 

OLYMPIA. 



And more than a score of other First-Class Ships, comprising one of the 
largest fleets in any service. 



Passengers booked to or from Liverpool, Glasgow, London, 

Queenstown, or Londonderry, at as low rates as 

by any other first-class line. 



Through Tickets issued to and from any Seaport or 
Railway Station in the World. 



The Anchor Line Steamers are 

FIRST-CLASS IN E VER Y RESPECT, 

Safe, Comfortable, Reliable, Splendidly Equipped, and in their Appoint- 
ments and Equipments, not excelled by any other line. 



COMPANY'S OFFICES: 

LIVERPOOL, 17 Water St. GLASGOW, 51 Union St. 

LONDONDERR Y, 96 \ Foyle St. CHIC A GO, 324 Wabash Av. 
NEW YORK, 7 Bowling Green. 

HENDERSON BROTHERS, Agents. 



RHEIN, 

MAIN, 

DONAU, 

DEUTSCHLAND, 

KOLN, 

NECKAR, 

LEIPZIG, 



SHOE T- TRIP G VIBE. —ANNO UNGEMENTS. 

NORTH GERMAN LLOYD. 

STEAM BETWEEN 
Bremen, {via Southampton and Havre) 

AND THE PORTS OF 

New York, Baltimore, New Orleans, Havana, 
Aspinwall, &c. 

The Screw Steamers of the North German Lloyd : 

WESER, AM F RICA, 

HERMANN, BREMEN, 

NEW YORK, HANSA, 

HANNOVER, FRANKFURT, 

STRASSHURG, MOSEL, 

BALTIMORE, BERLIN, 

OHIO, BISMARCK, 

KONIG WILHELM I. KRONPRINZ FRIEDRICH WILHELM. 

GENERAL VON ROON. GRAF MOLTKE. 

These Vessels carry the German, British and United States Mails, 

and leave 

Bremen for New York, every Wednesday and Saturday. 

" for Baltimore, on alternate Wednesdays. 

" for New Orleans, once every week. 

" for Aspinwall, < " " 

New York for Bremen, via Southampton, every Wednes- 
day and Saturday. 
Baltimore for Bremen, on alternate Wednesdays. 
New Orleans for Bremen, once every week. 
Aspinwall for Bremen, " " •' 

The above vessels have been constructed in the most approved manner j 
they are of 3,000 tons, and 700 horse-power each, and are commanded by 
men of character and experience, who will make every exertion tn pro- 
mote the comfort and convenience of passengers. Thev touch at South- 
ampton, on the outward trip, for the purpose of landing passengers for 
England and France. 

These Vessels take Freight to Bremen, London, Hull, Rotterdam, 
Antwerp, and Hamburg, for which through bills of lading are signed. 

An experienced surgeon is attached to each vessel. 

All letters must pass through the post office 

Specie taken to Havre, Southampton and Bremen at the lowest rates. 

For Prices of Passage, and all further particulars, apply to NORTH 
GERMAN LLOYD, Bremen: KELLER, WALLIS & POSTLE- 
THWAITE, Southampton; PHILLIPPS, GRAVES, PHILL1PPS & 
CO., London; LHERBETTE, KANE & CO., Havre and Paris. 
OELRICHS & CO., New York; A. SCHUMACHER & CO., Balti- 
more; ED. T. STOCK MEYER, A 7 *™ Orleans; H. HYMAN & CO., 
Havana ;W. P. MAAL Y HERM AN O, Aspinwall 



SHOE T- TRIP G VIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

Brown Brothers & Co., 

59 Wall Street, New York. 

Bills of Exchange on Great Britain and Ireland. 
Commercial and Traveling Credits issued. 

available in any part of the world. 

Telegraphic Transfers of Money 

to and from London and Liverpool. 

Advances 

made on Cotton and other produce. 



BROWN, SHIPLEY &> CO., 

Founder s Court, Lothbury, London. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY &> CO., 

Chapel Street, Liverpool. 

Morton, Bliss & Co., 

BANKERS, 

30 Broad Street, New York, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR NOTES and LETTERS OF CREDIT 

for Travelers ; also 

COMMERCIAL CREDITS 

available in all parts of the world. 

Negotiate First-Class Railway, City and State Loans, 

Make Telegraphic Transfers of Money, 

Allow Interest on Deposits, and 

Draw Exchange on 

MORTON, ROSE &> CO., London. 

HOTTING UER fr CO., Paris. 

HOPE (Sr 3 CO., Amsterdam. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Duncan, Sherman & Co., 

BANKERS, 

Corner of Pine and Nassau Sts., New York, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR NOTES and TRAVELING CREDITS, 

Available in all the Principal Cities of the World. 



TRANSFERS OF MONEY BY TELEGRAPH TO EUROPE, 
CUBA, AND THE PACIFIC COAST. 



Accounts of Country Banks and others Received. 

John Munroe & Company, 

BANKERS, 

No. 8 Wall Street, New York, and 
No. 41 State Street, Boston, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR LETTERS of CREDIT fok. Travelers, 

ON THE 

CONSOLIDATED BANK, London, 

AND ON 

Munroe & Company, 

No. 7 Rue Scribe, PARIS. 



EXCHANGE ON LONDON AND PARIS. 



SHORT- TRIP G U1DE.—AXN0 UNCEMENTS. 

Wells, Fargo & Company, 
BANKERS, 

And Express Forwarders to ale parts of 
The World. 

principal offices: 
84 BROAD WA Y, New York. 

;94 WASHINGTON ST., Boston. 

MONTGOMERY & CALIFORNIA STREETS, 

San Francisco, 
61 KING WILLIAM ST., London. 

WITH AGENCIES IN PARIS, BREMEN, 

And all the Principal Cities and Towns in the United 
States and Territories. 

DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE, 

AND 

Telegraphic Transfers for sale. 

LETTERS OF CREDIT ISSUED TO TRAVELLERS. 

Interest allowed on Deposit Accounts. 

Particular attention given to arranging 
TRAVELING CREDITS IN THE WESTERN STATES. 



Bowles Brothers & Co., 

PARIS, 12 Rue de la Paix, 

LONDON, 449 Strand, Charing Cross, 
NEW YORK, 19 William Street, 

BOSTON, 27 State Street. 

ISSUE 

BILLS ON PARIS AND LONDON, 
In sums to suit: also, 

CIRCULAR LETTERS OF CREDIT, 

Available in all the Cities of Europe. 
Letters addressed to our care, receive most careful atten- 
tion, each being registered at our office on 
receipt and delivery. 



CORRESPONDENTS OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS : 

The Union Bank of London. 
Messrs. J. S. Morgan & Co. 
The Bank of California. 



The Oriental Bank Corporation. 
The National Bank of Scotland* 
Messrs. Wells, Fargo & Co. 



Munster Bank and Branches, Ireland. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Banking House of HENRY CLEWS & CO., 

32 WALL STREET, NEW YORK. 
Circular Notes and Letters of Credit for Travelers, 

ALSO, 

COMMERCIAL CREDITS ISSUED, 

Available throughout the world. 

Bills of Exchange and Telegraphic Transfers 

Of Money on Europe, San Francisco, and the West Indies. 



Deposit Accounts Received, subject to Check at sight. 

Interest allowed on all Daily Balances. 
Government, State, City and Railroad Loans Negotiated. 

CLEWS, HABICHT &> CO., 

11 OLD BROAD ST., LONDON, 

Bankers, and Fiscal Agents of the United States Government at 
London, for all Foreign Countries. 

WILLIAMS & GUION, 

63 WALL ST., NEW YORK. 

Travelers' and Commercial Credits Issued, 

Available in all parts of Europe, &c. 

BILLS OF EXCHANGE 

Drawn in sums to suit purchasers; ALSO CABLE TRANSFERS. 



Advances Made upon Consignments of Cotton and 
other Produce to Ourselves or Correspondents. 

GUION & CO., 

ALEX. S. PETRIE & CO., Liverpool. 

London. 



SHORT- TRIP G UJDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

Jay Cooke, McCulloch & Co. 

41 LOMBARD STREET, 4 1 

LONDON. 



JAY COOKE & CO. 

20 WALL ST., 114 SO. THIRD ST., 

NEW YORK. PHILADELPHIA. 

15th STREET, opp. U. S. Treasury, 
WASHINGTON. 



Exchange Sold on all Leading Cities 

OF 

. UNITED STATES AND CANADA, 
PA YABLE IN DOLLARS, GOLD, or CURRENCY. 



Sterling Drafts & Cable Transfers on America. 



CIRCULAR LETTERS OF CREDIT 

For Travellers. 



COMMERCIAL CREDITS. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 




HANOVER 

Fire Insurance Company, 

OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 

Office, No. 1 20 Broadway, cor. Cedar St., 

(Equitable Life Assurance Co's Building.) 



Incorporated 1852. 



B. S. WALCOTT, President 
I. REMSEN LANE, Secretary. 
HENRY KIP, Assistant Secretary. 



Cash Capital, - - $400,000 00 

Cash Assets, - - $872,627 91 



AGENCIES IN ALL THE PRINCIPAL TOWNS IN THE UNITED STATES. 

Eastern Agency Department, - • THOMAS JAMES, Actuary. 
Western and Southern Agency Department, "The Underwriters 

Agency," A. STODDART, General Agent. 



SHOR T- TRIP Q U1DE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

The Mutual Life 

Insurance Company 

OF NEW YORK, 

144 and 146 Broadway, 

NEW YORK CITY. 



F. S. WINSTON, President. 



Cash Assets OVER $51,000,000. 

Invested in Loans on Bond and Mortgage, or 
United States Stocks. 



Issues every approved description of Life and 
Endowment Policies on selected lives at Moderate 
Rates, returning all surplus annually to the policy- 
holders, to be used either in payment of premiums, 
or to purchase additional insurance, at the option of 
the assured. 



RICHARD A. McCURDY, Vice-President. 

JOHN M. STUART, Secretary. 

WM. H. C. BARTLETT, Ass't Secretary. 

F. SCHROEDER, Actuary. 

LEWIS C. LAWTON, Ass't Actuary. 



SHORT TPdP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
THE 

EQUITABLE 

LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY 

OF THE UNITED STATES, 

No. 120 Broadway, New York. 



ASSETS $18,000,000 00 

INCOME, 8,000,000 00 

SUM ASSURED, (New Business) 1871, 41,300,00000 



ALL CASH. 

Purely Mutual. Annual Dividends. 



The New Business of the Equitable is larger than that of any 
other Life Insurance Company in America or Europe. 

The average annual growth of the Society's Permanent Busi- 
ness — Risks in Force — since its organization, has been greater 
than that of any other leading Company. 

Its average percentage of '"Losses'''' to "Amount in Force," 
during the last five years, is less than that of any other of the 
older and larger Companies of the United States. 

Its "Expenses" compared with "•Income'''' are much less 
than the average of all other New York Companies. 



OFFICERS: 

WILLIAM C. ALEXANDER, President. 
HENRY B. HYDE, Vice-President. 

JAMES W. ALEXANDER, 2d Vice-President. 
SAMUEL BORROWE, Secretary. 

WILLIAM ALEXANDER, Ass't Secretary. 
GEORGE W. PHILLIPS, Actuary. 

WILLIAM P. HALS TED, Auditor. 




SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

IMPORTAJ : -* HiHKHf^.. 

THE 

Travelers Insurance Co. 

OF HARTFORD, CONN. 

Cash Assets, $2,000,000. 

Grants everything desirable in 

LIFE AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE, 

ON THE MOST FA VORABLE TERMS. 

ACCIDENT DEPARTMENT. 

The Travelers Insurance Company, in its Accident Department, 
is a General Accident Insurance Company granting 1 policies of insur- 
ance against Death or wholly Disabling Injury by ACCIDENT, to 
Men of all trades, professions and occupations, at rates within the reach 
of all. Policies are written for a term of one to twelve months each, 
and insure a sum of $500 to $10,000, at rates of premiums designated to 
cover risks at home and abroad — and covering all varieties of occupa- 
tions. 

LIFE DEPARTMENT. 

In its Life Department, the Travelers grants full Life and En- 
dowment Policies, embracing the best features of the best companies, 
as to non-forfeiture, terms of payment, etc., but without any of the com- 
plications or uncertainties of the note system. 

All policies non-forfeitable. Its five, ten, fifteen and twenty year 
policies can be converted into endowments, at the option of the insurant. 

This feature is original with this Company. 

The Travelers furnishes everything desirable in either Life or Acci- 
dent insurance. It has issued 300,000 general accident policies, and/«/^ 
fifteen thousand claims for death or injury by accident. It has issued 
between ten and twelve thousand full life policies, since the Life Depart- 
ment was established, and is making good and safe progress as a life 
company. Its capital and surplus amount to $1.850,000 — giving $182 cash 
assets for every $100 of liability, thus furnishing an amount of financial 
security rarely, if ever, equalled by any Life Insurance Company. 

JAMES G. BATTER SON, President. 

RODNEY DENNIS, Secretary. 

CHAS. E. WILSON, AssH Secretary, 

GEO. B. LESTER, Actuary. 

Policies written immediately on application, at the 

New Fork Office, 207 Broadway. 

R. M. JOHNSON, Manager. 



fHORT-TRIP G UIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

United States Watch Company. 

GILES, WALES & CO., Marion, N. J. 

GILES, WALES & CO., No. 13 Maiden Lane, 

NEW YORK. 



Testimonial Records of Performances 

OF 

MARION UNITED STATES WATCH CO'S 
WATCHES, 

Admitted to be Unparalleled in the Trade. 



Watch No. 1089 — variation, 2 seconds in 14 months. 

L. E. Chittenden, late Register U. S. Treasury. 

Watch No. 1 124 — variation, 6 seconds in 7 months. 

A. L. Dennis, President N. J. R. R. & T. Co. 

Watch No 1037 — variation, 5 seconds per month. 

Henry Smith, I reasurer Panama R. R. Co., N. Y. 

Watch No. 2617 — variation, 15 seconds in 12 months. 

I. Vrooman, Engineer N. Y. C. & H. R. R. 

Watch No. 4026 — variation, 3 seconds in 2 months. 
Joshua I. Bragg, Conductor N. J. R. R. 

Watch No. 24,008 — variation, 6 seconds in 5 months. 

Charles H. Wolf, Pearl Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. 

Watch No. 1 143 — variation, 39 seconds in 8 months. 

James B. Ryer, of Kelty & Co., 722 Broadway, N. Y. 

Watch No. 1894 — variation, 8 seconds in 6 months. 

H. Cottrell, 123 Front Street, N. Y. 

Watch No. 1205 — variation, 7 seconds in 11 months. 

A. H. King, Vice-Pres't N. J. Car Spring Co., N. Y. 

Watch No. 1788 — variation, 20 seconds in 5! months, 
by Greenwich Observatory Time, London. 

Henry Morford, Author-Prop'r Short-Trip Guide, N.Y. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Best Investments for 1872. 
NORTHERN PACIFIC 

RAILROAD BONDS. 



The rapid progress of the Northern Pacific Railroad 
toward completion, is shown in the fact that to the 
Missouri River the Road is under con- 
tract to be finished during the 
present year. 



This will g've to its bondholders a lien upon millions of acres 
of the finest land in the country, besides their mortgage on the 
road and its earnings, thus making doubly secure the investment, 
which, in all its features, is one of the safest and most reliable 
next to the Government loans. The redemption of 5-20S by the 
Treasury indicates low rates of interest to the public creditors 
hereafter ; and as the calling-in is now rapid, we strongly recom- 
mend to the holders thereof an immediate exchange for the 7-30 
GOLD BONDS of the NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD. 

They are free of United States Tax, and are issued in the fol- 
lowing denominations: Coupons. $100, $500, and $i,coo; Reg- 
istered. $100, $500. $1,000, $5 000 and $10 000. 

The bonds, which are being rapidly sold, are secured by a first 
and only mortgage on over two thousand Miles of Road with 
rolling stock, buildings, and all other equipments, and on over 
TWENTY-THREE THOUSAND ACRES of Land to every 
mile of finished road. This land, agricultural, timbered and 
mineral, amounting in all to more than Fifty Million Acres, con- 
sists of alternate sections, reaching twenty to forty miles on each 
side of the track and extending in a broad, fertile belt from 
Wisconsin through the richest portions of Minnesota. Dakota, 
Montana Idaho. Oregon and Washington, to Puget Sound. 

All marketable securities received in exchange. Full par- 
ticulars furnished by 

Ji^Y COOKE & CO., 

New Yc<rk, Philadelphia and Washington, 



SHORT- TRIP G U1DE.—ANN0 UN CEMENTS. 
The Great Trans- Continental All-Rail 

Union & Central Pacific Route 

Via Council Bluffs and Omaha, 

326 Miles the SHORTEST, 

FROM THE ATLANTIC COAST TO 

SALT LAKE CITY, 

SACRAMENTO, 

SAN FRANCISCO, 

AND ALL POINTS IN THE 

SAND WICH I SLA NDS, JAPAN, 

NE W ZEALAND, CHINA , 

AUSTRALIA, INDIA. 



Five Hours the Quickest Route 

To DENVER, COL., NEW MEXICO and ARIZONA. 



PULLMAN'S PALACE DAY AND SLEEPING CARSare run o r 
all Express Trains, and passengers are cau ioned that only those who are 
ticketed via Omaha are sure of securing berths to points west of Cheyenne. 

Double IJenh -Omaha to Ogden. $3 ; Ogden to San Francisco $6. 

To tourists i leasure and Hea Ith meeker.., this Route offers unrivaled 
attractions in the beautiful i'latte Valley ; the grand scenery of the Snowy 
Range ; the Passage of the Rocky Mountains (8,242 feet above the sea) • 
the Laramie Plains ; ihe Wahsatch and Uintah Mountains ; the wild and 
wrird ticho and ^Y^ ber Ca ions ; the Great Sal' Lake and its Mormon 
City, suirounded by lofty mountains, rivers fille I with trout, hunting 
grounds, medicinal spring's, etc.; the Humbo'.dt Sink ; the Sierra Nevadas 
the i aiisades ; toe be lutiful mountain lakes ot Tahoe and Donner, and 
the passage of < ape Horn ; making a two thousand mile panorama of 
unequalled grandeur and beauty. 

Through 1 ick -is for sale by K. KNOVA LA D, General A" em. No. 
287 Broadway, New York, and at all principal ticket offices in the country 
Members of t olonies and Excursion Parties should address the enera; 
Ticket Agent or rates and arrangement^. 

T. E. SICKLES, THOS L. KIMBALL, 

Gen'l Sup't, U. P. R. R., Omaha. Gen'l Ticket / gent, (J P. R. K., Omaha 

A. N. TOWNE, T H. GOODMAN, 

Gen'l Supt. C. P. R. R., Sacramento G. P. A., C. P. R. R.. S c amento. 

[SEE NEXT PAGE.l 



SHORT- TRIP G U1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 



THE 



Union & Central Pacific Line. 

TRIP AROUND THE WORLD 



From ATLANTIC CITIE^ to OMAHA, (Neb a k:.), via the Great 
Trunk Lines of Railway, — about 1,400 miles, in 50 huurs. 

From OMAHA to SAN FKANi IS< O. (California'), vin Union and 
Central Pacific Railroads. — 1.914 miles, in 4 days and 6 hours. 

Ftoin S VN FRANC i SCO to VuKO- 1 AM \, (Japan), bv Pacific Mail 
Line Steamers, — 4.700 miles in 22 days. 

From YOKOHAMA to HONG KONG. (China), by Pacific Mail or 
Peninsular and Oriental Steamers, — 1.600 miles, in 6 days. 

From HONG KONG to CALCUTTA, (India), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Sieamers, — 3.500 miles, in 14 days. 

Or from San Francisco to Calcutta via Australia, as follows : 

From SAN FRANCISCO to HONOLULU, (S.indwich Islands), by 
United States, New Zealand and Australia Mail Steamship Line, — 2,110 
miles, in 10 days. 

From HONOLULU to AUCKLAND, (New Zealand), by U. S., New 
Zealand and Aus. S. S. Line, — 3,800 miles, in 14 days. 

From AUCKLAND to SYDNEY, (Australia), by U. S., New Zealand 
and Aus. S. S. Line, — 1,277 miles, in 5 da\ s. 

From SYDNEY to MELBOURNE, (Australia), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Steamers, — 560 miles, in 3 days. 

From MELBOURNE to GALLE, (Ceylon), by Peninsular and Ori- 
ental Steamers, — 4,670 miles, in 21 days. 

From GALLE to CALCUTTA, (India), by Peninsular and Oriental 
Steamers, — 1,315 miles, in 7 days. 

From CALCUTTA to BOMBAY, (India), by the East Indian and 
Great Indian Peninsular Railways,- ±,400 miles, in 2 days. 

From BOMBAY to SUEZ, (Egypt), by Peninsular and Oriental 
Steamers, — 3,600 miles, in 14 days. 

From SUEZ to ALEXANDRIA, (Egypt), by Rail along the Suez 
Canal, — 225 miles, in 12 hours. 

From ALEXANDRIA to BRINDISI, (Italy), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Steamers, — 850 miles in 3 days. 

From BRINDISI to LONDON, (England), by Rail, via Paris or the 
Rhine, — 1,200 miles, in 3 days. 

From LONDON to LIVERPOOL, (England), by Railway,— 200 
miles, in 5 hours. 

From LIVERPOOL to ATLANTIC CITIES, (America), by either 01 
the Great Atlantic S. S. Lines, — 3,000 miles, in 10 days. 

Total distance, 23, 589 miles. Time, 81 days. 

OFFICES: 

No. 287 Broadway, New York. 

No. 2 New Montgomery St., San Francisco ; and 

H. STARR & CO'S Office, 22 Moor gate Street. London. 

[SEE PRECEDING PAGE.l 



SH OR T- TRIP G VIBE. —ANXU UNCEMEN TS. 
THE 

Pennsylvania Central Railroad, 
PITTSBURGH, FORT WAYNE & CHICAGO RAILWAY, 

AND 

PAN-HANDLE ROUTE 

Furnish the shortest and quickest route from New-York, 
and all Eastern Cities to 

Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul, Omaha, 

Cincinnati, Louisville, New Orleans, 

Indianapolis, St. Louis, Kansas City, 

Denver, Salt Lake City, San 

Francisco, and all points West, 

Northwest and Southwest. 

Pullman Palace Day and Night Cars 

Are run from New York to all principal Cities. 

A large proportion of Steel Rails now in use. 

Trains equipped with Westinghouse Patent Car 
Brake, ensuring comfort and safety. 

Rates of fare always as low as by any other route. 
Henry W. Gwinner, John H. Miller, 

Gen 1 1 Pass. & Ticket Agent, Gen 'i 'Eastern Agent, 

Philadelphia. New York. 

A- J. CASSATT, Gen 1 1 Superintendent, Philadelphia. 



SHOR T- 7 RIP G U1D E —A NNO UNtEMENTS. 

Pacific Mail Steam Ship Co's 

THROUGH LINE TO 

California, Japan and China, 

Via PANAMA and SAN FRANCISCO, 

Carrying Mails, Passengers and Freight to KINGSTON^ 

{JAMAICA,) ASPINWALL. PANAMA, 

and other Central American and South American Ports, 
and San Francisco ; and thence to Yokohama, Hong- 
Kong, Shanghae, Nagasaki and Hiogo, connecting at 
Hong-Kong with Steamers for Ports of the China 
Coast and India. 



The Large and Splendid Steamers of this Line 
Leave Pier 42, N. R., foot Canal St., N. Y., 

At Twelve o'clock, noon, 

On the 15th & 30th of Every Month, 

(Except when those days fall on Sunday, then on the Saturday preceding,) 
arriving at Aspinwall on or about the 9th and 24th of each month. 



GREATLY REDUCED THROUGH-PASSAGE RATES, 
NEW YORK TO SAN FRANCISCO. 



CHINA LINE, 

Between California, Japan and China. 

Magnificent Steamers of the China Fleet leave San Francisco, 1st and 
16th of every m nth, (except when those dates fall on Sunday, then on 
preceding Saturday,) for Yokohama, Hong-Kong, and connections with 
all Ports of Japan, < 3hina and British India. 

For Passage Tickets or further information apply t 

THE COMPANY'S TICKET OFFICE, 
On the Wharf only, Pier 42, N. R.,foot of Canal St., N. Y. 

F. H. BABY, Agent. 

Or, in San Francisco, to 

ELDRIDGE & IRWIN, Agents. 



SHO R T- TRIP '/ Ul D E.—A NNO UNCE MENTS. 

The Vermont Central Railroad 

AND LEASED LINES 

Between 'New London, Montreal and 
Ogdensb u rgk . 

800 Miles of Road under one Management, 

THROUGH the MOST PICTURESQUE SCENERY 
IN NEW ENGLAND. 



Most Direct and Popular Route betiveen New 
York and Montreal, via New London, or 
Hudson River, or Connecticut River. 



Shortest and Best Route between Boston and Mont- 
real and Ogdensburgh, via Fitchburg or Lowell, 
and Favorite Route between Boston and 
Saratoga, via Rutland and 
Bellows Falls. 



Direct Connection at Montreal and Ogdensburgh with 
Grand Trunk Railway for all Points West, and at Ogdens- 
burgh with Vermont Central. Steamers for all points on 
the Great Lakes 



Puliman Palace, Drawing Room, and Sleeping 
Cars, on all Trains. 



J. GREGORY SMITH, President. 
GYLES MERRILL, Gen' I Sufi t. 

LANSING MILLIS, GenH Eastern Agent, 

65 Washington St., Boston. 



SHORT- TRIP G U1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 

Chicago and North Western 
RAILWAY. 

Passengers for all Points North or West of Chicago and the 

PACIFIC COAST, 

Will find this the Shortest and most Comfortable Route, 
as it is the Line over which the Celebrated 

PULLMAN DINING CARS 

AND 

SLEEPING COACHES 

ARE RUN BETWEEN 

Chicago and San Francisco. 



Passengers should be particular to ask for Through Tickets via 

Chicago and North- JVestern Railway, 

On sale at all Principal R. R. Offices in the U. S. and Canadas. 

IN CHICAGO, 
AT THE COMPANY'S DEPOTS. 

H. P. Stanwood, M. Hughitt, 

Gen' I Ticket Agent. Geri I Suft. 

Gk T. NUTTKR, 
General Eastern Agent, 229 Broadway, New York. 



SHOE T- TRIP G U1DE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



PEOPLE'S LINE 

OF 

STEAMERS, 

BETWEEN 

NEW YORK AND ALBANY. 



NEW YORK TO ALBANY. 
STEAMERS 



St. JOHN, 

Capt. W. H. Christopher, 

MONDA F, 

WEDNESDA F, 

FRIDA Y. 



DREW, 

Capt. S. J. Roe, 
TUESDA F, 

THURSDA F, 

SA TURD A F. 



FROM PIER41, NORTH RIVER, 

(Near Jersey City Ferry, Desbrosses Street), 

At 6.00 P. M, 

Connecting with Trains of New York Central, Albany and Susque- 
hanna, Rensselaer and Saratoga, and Bos. on and Albany Railways ; and 
Steamers on Lake George and Lake Champlain to Burlington, White 
Mountains, Montreal, Ouebec, &c. 

j^T" TICKE 1 S can be had at the Office on the Wharf, and BAGGAGE 
checked to destination: also at Dodd's Express offices, 944 Broadway, 
New York, and No. 1 Court Street, Brooklyn. 

Telegraph Office on the Wharf. 

J^™ Passengers leaving Washington at 8.00 a. m., Baltimore at 9.40 
a. m., Philadelphia at 1.20 p. m., arrive in New York at 4.50 p. m. in time 
to connect as above. 

ALBANY TO N E JV YORK. 

STEAMERS 



St. JOHN, 

Capt. W, H. Christopher, 
TUESDA F, 

THURSDA F, 

SA TURD A F. 



DREW, 

Capt. S. J. Roe, 
MONDA Y, 

WEDNESDA F, 

FRIDA Y. 
FRO ML STB AMBO J^T 
AT 8.15 P. M., 
ON arrival of trains from north and west. 
Baggage conveyed from N. Y. C. R. R. Depot to the Boats, FREE. 
^P" TICKETS to Philadelphia. Baltimore, and Washington City, for 
sale on the Boats, and Baggage checked to destination. 

HUDSON RIVER R. R. TICKETS taken for passage, including 
State Room Berth, JOHN C. HEWITT, 

General Ticket Agent. 



SHOR T TRIP G U1DE.—ANN0 UN CEMENTS. 






ST.ALBANS 




BY 

DAYLIGHT 



e r 



Albany & New York 
DA Y LINE 

OF 

STEAMBOATS, 
U C. VIBBARD," 



"DANIEL DREW," 

Leaving New York 

From. Vestry Street Pier at 

8.30 A. M., and -$\th St. 

at 8.45 A. M., 

Landing at Cozzens's, West Point, 
Newburgh, Poughkeepsie, Rhine- 
beck, Catskill, and Hudson, afford- 
ing THE BEST MODE OF ENJOYING THE 

unsurpassed scenery, and of reach- 
ing the "Overlook" and " Catskill" 
Mountain Houses, Lebanon Springs 
(via Hudson), Sharon Springs by 
special train via Susquehanna Rail- 
way (all rail from Albany), Saratoga 
Springs, and all points north and 
west. 

Leave Albany every morning, on 
arrival of Trains from Saratoga and 
the north, and from Sharon, etc. 

ISAAC L. WELSH, 

General Ticket Agent. 



SHOE T- TRIP G HIDE. —ANNO UNCEMEN TS. 

AFTERNOON BOAT 

FROM 

NEW YORK to WEST POINT, NEWBURG, POUGHKEEPSIE. 

RONDOUT and KINGSTON. 




THE SPLENDID AND FAVORITE STEAMER 

MARY POIVELL 

Leaves New York, every afternoon at 3.30, from VESTRY 
STREET PIER, for WEST POINT, NEWBURG, 
POUGHKEEPSIE, RONDOUT and KINGSTON ; 
landing at CORNWALL, MILTON, and other popular 
places ; passing 

Through the Highlands by Daylight, 

and affording unequalled facilities for reaching the places 
named, and enjoying the noble scenery of the river, as well 
as reaching, in the most convenient manner, that charming 
place of summer resort in the Catskill Mountains — 

THE O VERL O OK HO USE. 

Returning, leaves Rondout every morning at 5.30 A. M., 
reaching New York at 10.30. 



SHORT-TRIP G UIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



18/2. NEW YORK AND TROY STEAMBOAT COMPANY, 1872. 



Great Reduction in Fare & State Rooms. 



THE OLD ESTABLISHED LINE FOR 

ALBANY AND TROY, 

LANDING AT CATSKILL. 

THE ELEGANT STEAMERS 

VANDERBILT, CONNECTICUT, 



CAPT. DEMING. 



CAPT. SENISKY. 



FARE FIFFY CENTS, 

Whole State Rooms $1.50, Half Rooms 75 Cents. 
Leave Daily, Saturdays excepted, 

FROM PIER 44 NORTH RIVER, 

Bet. Charlton and Spring Streets, at 6 P. M. 



The Steamers will leave as above, connecting at Albany 

and Troy with Albany and Susquehanna, New 

York Central, Renssaelaer and Saratoga, 

and Troy and Boston Railroads. 

ThrongJi Tickets and Baggage CJieckedto all Points. 

GENERAL OFFICE, PIER 44 N. R. 

C. D. HANCOX, GenlAsrent. 



SHOE T- TRIP G HIDE —A NNOUNCEMENTS. 



Travelers' Official Guide 

OF THE 

RAILWAYS 

AND 

STEAM NAVIGATION LINES 

IN THE 

UNITED STATES & CANADA. 



The only Guide recognized by the United States Gov- 
ernment, and railroad officers, as the standard authority 
for time, distances, and other statistics relative to rail- 
roads. 

PUBLISHED MONTHLY. 

under the auspices of the General Ticket Agents' Asso- 
ciation, and sold by all news agents and periodical dealers 
throughout the United States and Canada ; also, at the 
various railroad depots, and on trains. This is the 

BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM 

in the country, and from its large circulation, affords un- 
usual advantages to merchants and manufacturers. 

For further particulars, as to prices of advertising, etc., 
application should be made to the 

GENERAL EDITOR, 

237 & 239 Dock Street, 

Philadelphia, Pa. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE —A NNO UNCE MENTS 



Fifth Avenue Theatre, 

(TWENTY-FOURTH STREET,) 

ONE DOOR FROM BROADWAY, 

Near the Fifth Avenue, St. James, Hoffman, Grand, and 
other Fashionable Hotels, 

NEW YORK CITY. 



MR. AUGUSTIN DALY, - -PROPRIETOR. 



Has, since its opening, produced a constant succession of 

DRAMATIC SURPRISES : 

SOCIETY PLAY'S, 

CONTEMPORANEOUS COMEDIES, 

PARISIAN SENSATIONS. &*c. 

Perfect in every detail of presentation, and always inter- 
preted by 

THE LEADING COMEDY COMPANY IN AMERICA. 



ggl^Among the most pronounced successes of the man- 
agemen t, may be mentioned some of world-wide reputation: 

u Frou-Frou," "Fernande," "Saratoga,' 1 

And the favorite of a whole year, 

" Divorce." 



Jggf^This theatre is unsurpassed in the fashionable qual- 
ity of its attendance, as in the novelty and brilliancy of its 
performances. 

The New York Herald of Dec. 17th says: — u Were a stranger of 
refinement coming to New York to ask us where he would probably feel 
most at home for amusement, and happiest for an evening, without great 
exertion or intense excitement, we should unhesitatingly and sans-invid- 
iousness, say— at the FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE." 



bllOR T- TRIP G UIDE. ~A NNO UN CEMENTS. 

OLYMPIC THEATRE, 

622 & 624 Broadway, 
NEW YORK CITY. 



Lessee and Manager, JAMES E. HAYES. 



THE HOME OF PANTOMIME, 

CULTURED DRAMA, AND 

CHASTE SPECTACLE. 



The scene of the early triumphs of 

Mrs. JOHN WOOD, JOSEPH JEFFERSON, 

E. A. SOTHERN, 
DION BOUCICAULT and AGNES ROBERTSON. 



Added to this list of the 01)mpic's Phenomenal Luminaries, 

is 

Mr. G. L. FOX, 

At present the reigning American Star, in his famous 
PANTOMIME, 

"HUMPTY DUMPTY" 

Which has peen performed at this Theatre over 900 times, 
and is sti'l Tunning. 



This Theatre is patronized by the best society of New 
York, the Company is selected from the best European 
material, and the entertainment is invariably of the 
brilliancy and refinement demanded by educated' ana fash- 
ionable tastes. 



SHOE T- TRIP G U1DE. —ANNO UN CEMENTS. 




STEVENS & CO., 

Jewelers & Silversmiths 

859 BROADWAY. 

(Second door above Seventeenth Street.) 

NEW YORK. 



ISI^Specialties of RARE DIAMONDS AND 
OTHER FINE JEWELRY. 

GOLD AND SILVER WORK 

Of the most artistic patterns and elaborate finish, and 
Patronage of the First Taste and Fashion. 



SHOB T- TRIP 9 U1DE.—ANN0 UNCBMENTS. 

nash & fuller, 
Dining, Lunch, Oyster, 

AND 

COFFEE ROOMS, 

39, 40 & 41 PARK ROW, 

AND 

147, 149 & 151 NASSAU STREET, 

(times building,) 
:N"E"W YORK. 



Largest Restaurant in the United States. 



EXTENSIVE AND CONVENIENT 

BILLLARD SALOONS CONNECTED, 

In which is generally to be seen some of the finest Ama- 
teur and Professional Playing known to the world 
of amusement. 



SHOE T- TRIP G U1DE. —ANNO UN CEMENTS. 



THE 



GILSEY HOUSE, 

Cor. Broadway and 29TH St., 

:N"EW YORK. 



One of the most complete and thoroughly-appointed 
Hotels in America, with Passenger Lift and all modern 
conveniences and improvements ; and most conveniently 
located for all purposes of residence or visit. 

BRESLIN, GARDNER & CO., 

Proprietors. 



In connection with the Gilsey House, the 

GRAND UNION HOTEL, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, 

NEW YORK. 

One of the largest in the world, situated in grounds 
of peculiar extent and beauty, containing 

700 Private Parlors and Bed- Rooms, 

and second to none on either continent, in every detail 
of luxurious comfort. 

BRESLIN, GARDNER & CO. 



SHORT- TRIP G U1DE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



BREVOORT HOUSE, 

NEW YORK. 



This well known Hotel is located on Fifth Avenue, 
corner of Eighth Street, near Washington Park, one of 
the most delightful locations, combining the quiet retire- 
ment of a private mansion, with easy access to all parts of 
the City. The Brevoort has always been a favorite with 
Europeans visiting the United States ; the plan upon 
which it is kept, being such as to specially commend it to 
those accustomed to European habits. 

CLARK & WAITE, 

Proprietors. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

THE LAUREL HOUSE, 

KAUTER3KILL FALLS, 
(i% miles west of Mountain House), CATSKILL MOUNTAINS. 




J. L.. SCHUTT, Proprietor. 

Possesses great beauty of location, with uncqualed opportunities for 
examining ihe Falls ; secluded walks and delightful retreats ; the Clove 
and other matchless drives. Good Trout Fishing in the neighborhood. 
Recently e^arged, and in perfect order. Carr.ages and an A ent in 
attendance at the Cars and Boats, at Catskill. 

POWELL HOUSE, 

HOTEL AND POSTING HOUSE. 

Point of Departure of all Conveyances for the 
Mountains, 

CATS KILL LANDING-, 

GREENE CO., NEW YORK. 



JOHN T. HUNTLEY, 



Proprietor. 



SHOR T- TRIP G U1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 

Rossin House Hotel, 

TORONTO, CANADA. 



This Splendid Commodious Hotel (opened by the un- 
dersigned on the ist of August, 1867.) is finished and 
furnished with every regard to comfort and luxury; has 
hot and cold water, with Baths and Closets on each floor. 
The Parlors and Bed Rooms are large and well ventilated, 
and arranged for private parties and families. The aim 
has been to make this the most unexceptionable first-class 
Hotel in Canada. 

The undersigned trusts that his long experience in the 
Clifton House at Niagara Falls, will give confidence to 
his friends and the traveling public that they will receive 
every attention and comfort, with reasonable charges, at 
this new and elegant House. 

G. P. SHEARS. 



CONGRESS HALL, 

CAPE MAY, NEW JERSEY. 



J. F. CAKE, Proprietor. 



This first-class and well-known Hotel — always one of 
the most popular at this great sea-side resort, offers in- 
creased attractions for the season of 1872. 

Recent additions give this House the unequalled advan- 
tage of 

A SEA FRONT OF 900 FEET. 



,821022 T- TRIP G HIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

BEADY'S 
National Photographic Portrait 

GALLERIES, 

BROADWAY & 10th. STREET, 

NEW YORK, 

627 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 



TSF" Largest and most perfect collection of 
Portraits of American Celebrities, in Literature 
Statesmanship, the Arts, Army and Navy, and 
all other departments, to be found in the United 
States ; embracing an aggregate of 2, coo valu- 
able portraits ; and expected to be adopted by 
the nation, at an early day, as material for an 
American Pantheon. 

Admission free, and all courtesies extended. 

PORTRAITS WITH SHORT DELAY AND 

IN 7 HE HIGHEST STYLES OE 

THE ART. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



M The Galaxy is about as near perfection as anything can be." — Daily 
Register, New Haven, Conn. 

THE GALAXY 

IS THE 

BEST AMERICAN MAGAZINE. 
^-NO FAMIL1 CAN AFFORD TO DO WITHOUT IT. 

It gives more Good and Attractive Reading Matter tor the money 
than any other Periodical or Book published in the country. 

The leading newspapers pronounce THE GALAXY the Best and 

most Ably Edited American Magazine. 
THE GALAXY meets the wants of every member of the Family. 

It contains Thoughtful Articles by our ablest writers. 

It contains Sketches of Life and Adventure. 

It has Serial Stories by our best Novelists. 

It has Short Stories in each number. 

It has Humorous Articles in each number which are a constant 
source of delight to the public. 

In each number is a complete Review of the World of Literature. 

The New Department of ''^ Scientific Miscellany" appears in each 

number. 

WHAT THE LEADING PAPERS SAY. 

" First of all in attractions we place The Galaxy: it has succeeded 
better than any of its rivals." — Standard, Chicago. 

" Well sustains its reputation for vigorous and racy writing."— New 
York Tribune. 

" The Galaxy is always more a magazine than any other." — Inde- 
pendent. 

" A model periodical ; a credit to American periodical literature." — 
Philadelphia Press. 

" We are inclined to believe that more downright good literature is 
crowded between the covers of The Galaxy than any other American 
magazine can boast of." — Chicago Times. 

' k There is not a dull page between its covers." — New York Times. 

" The variety of its contents, their solid worth, their brilliance, and 
their great interest, make up a general character of great excellence for 
every number." — Post, Boston. 

" We are glad to be able to congratulate The Galaxy on surpassing 
even the high standard with which, as one of our leading magazines, we 
credit it." — Evening Mail, New York. 

" Always ably edited, and remarkable for the good judgment dis- 
played in the selection of current topics for discussion. In this way it 
quite eclipses the more conservative periodicals of the day." — Boston 
Journal, Mass. 

" The reported increase in the circulation of The Galaxy is hardly 
to be wondered at, for it is certainly the best of American magazines." — 
Express, Buffalo, N. Y. 

NOW IS THE TIME TO SUBSCRIBE. 
Price 35 cts. per Number. Subscription Price, $4 per year. 

SHELDON & COMPANY, 677 Broadway, New York. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



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